Test Bank - rsffa.org
... ____ 10. Water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and some other substances can pass through the cell wall. _________________________ ____ 11. Once equilibrium is reached, roughly equal numbers of molecules move in either direction across a semipermeable membrane, and there is no further change in concentrati ...
... ____ 10. Water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and some other substances can pass through the cell wall. _________________________ ____ 11. Once equilibrium is reached, roughly equal numbers of molecules move in either direction across a semipermeable membrane, and there is no further change in concentrati ...
Measuring the mechanical properties of plant cells by combining
... experiments were performed as follows. First, the probe was manually positioned above the middle of a cell in order to ensure perpendicular contact between the cell and the probe. If the probe was positioned away from the middle of the cell, the cell would slip away during indentation. Indentation w ...
... experiments were performed as follows. First, the probe was manually positioned above the middle of a cell in order to ensure perpendicular contact between the cell and the probe. If the probe was positioned away from the middle of the cell, the cell would slip away during indentation. Indentation w ...
Chemotaxis in Bacteria
... "chemoreceptor" (or "receptor") or "recognition component"or "binding protein." Whereverlhis protein has been identified, it has also been shownto fimction in a transport system for whichthe attractants of the chemosensorclass are substrates. Yet both the transport and chemotaxis systems have other, ...
... "chemoreceptor" (or "receptor") or "recognition component"or "binding protein." Whereverlhis protein has been identified, it has also been shownto fimction in a transport system for whichthe attractants of the chemosensorclass are substrates. Yet both the transport and chemotaxis systems have other, ...
Low Catecholamine Concentrations Protect Adult Rat Ventricular
... dithiothreitol, 0.1 mM orthovanadate, 0.1 mM PefablocSC (Interchim, Montluçon, France), 10 g/ml leupeptin, 10 g/ml aprotinin, 10 g/ml pepstatin]. Then, cell debris was pelleted at 10,000g at 4°C for 20 min and protein concentrations in the supernatant were determined by Bio-Rad assay. Equal amou ...
... dithiothreitol, 0.1 mM orthovanadate, 0.1 mM PefablocSC (Interchim, Montluçon, France), 10 g/ml leupeptin, 10 g/ml aprotinin, 10 g/ml pepstatin]. Then, cell debris was pelleted at 10,000g at 4°C for 20 min and protein concentrations in the supernatant were determined by Bio-Rad assay. Equal amou ...
Amino Acid Residues Contributing to Function of
... Olfactory receptors (Ors) convert chemical signals—the binding of odors and pheromones—to electrical signals through the depolarization of olfactory sensory neurons. Vertebrates Ors are G-protein-coupled receptors, stimulated by odors to produce intracellular second messengers that gate ion channels ...
... Olfactory receptors (Ors) convert chemical signals—the binding of odors and pheromones—to electrical signals through the depolarization of olfactory sensory neurons. Vertebrates Ors are G-protein-coupled receptors, stimulated by odors to produce intracellular second messengers that gate ion channels ...
To read this - MHE Research Foundation
... HSPGs can function as co-receptors for some of these proteins, but can also influence their distribution, range of action, stability, and action on target cells (13). In general, the MHE-associated phenotypes are widely believed to arise from impaired HS synthesis and accompanying HS deficiency in t ...
... HSPGs can function as co-receptors for some of these proteins, but can also influence their distribution, range of action, stability, and action on target cells (13). In general, the MHE-associated phenotypes are widely believed to arise from impaired HS synthesis and accompanying HS deficiency in t ...
Expression of developmental genes during early embryogenesis of
... spatial and temporal expression of key regulatory genes. Among these is homeodomain factor CnNK-2 which is sensitive to the positional value gradient at the basal end of the body axis (Grens et al. 1996), as well as Cnox-2, an ortholog of the ParaHox Gsx gene, which appears to prevent body column ti ...
... spatial and temporal expression of key regulatory genes. Among these is homeodomain factor CnNK-2 which is sensitive to the positional value gradient at the basal end of the body axis (Grens et al. 1996), as well as Cnox-2, an ortholog of the ParaHox Gsx gene, which appears to prevent body column ti ...
F-Actin-Dependent Endocytosis of Cell Wall
... Brefeldin A (BFA) inhibits exocytosis but allows endocytosis, making it a valuable agent to identify molecules that recycle at cell peripheries. In plants, formation of large intracellular compartments in response to BFA treatment is a unique feature of some, but not all, cells. Here, we have analyz ...
... Brefeldin A (BFA) inhibits exocytosis but allows endocytosis, making it a valuable agent to identify molecules that recycle at cell peripheries. In plants, formation of large intracellular compartments in response to BFA treatment is a unique feature of some, but not all, cells. Here, we have analyz ...
Towards the Molecular Basis of Sperm and Egg Interaction during
... (complex-type) and serine/threonine (O-)-linked oligosaccharides. The three ZP glycoproteins are synthesized and secreted exclusively by oocytes during their relatively short growth phase (F2–3 weeks). During this period, the ZP increases in thickness as the oocyte increases in diameter from F12 to ...
... (complex-type) and serine/threonine (O-)-linked oligosaccharides. The three ZP glycoproteins are synthesized and secreted exclusively by oocytes during their relatively short growth phase (F2–3 weeks). During this period, the ZP increases in thickness as the oocyte increases in diameter from F12 to ...
BIOLOGY I MIDTERM OBJECTIVES Chapter 1 (The Nature of
... 7) Explain the difference between hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions. Describe what will happen to both an animal cell and a plant cell that is placed in these types of solutions (use the words plasmolysis and turgor pressure in reference to plant cells) 8) Explain what turgor pressure is ...
... 7) Explain the difference between hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions. Describe what will happen to both an animal cell and a plant cell that is placed in these types of solutions (use the words plasmolysis and turgor pressure in reference to plant cells) 8) Explain what turgor pressure is ...
REVIEW ARTICLE
... methyl-D-aspartate, NMDA) receptors mediate the response. Non-basilar cells lack a basal dendrite (Maler, 1979), but receive disynaptic electrotonic (gap junction) and inhibitory input from two types of ELL interneuron (see below). Both types of pyramidal cell have apical dendrites that ramify in th ...
... methyl-D-aspartate, NMDA) receptors mediate the response. Non-basilar cells lack a basal dendrite (Maler, 1979), but receive disynaptic electrotonic (gap junction) and inhibitory input from two types of ELL interneuron (see below). Both types of pyramidal cell have apical dendrites that ramify in th ...
IdaPro® Milk Proteins - SupplySide Storefronts
... that when included in weight loss products, milk proteins provide satiation and stimulate enhanced fat burning.7 The feeling of satiation with milk protein lasts hours longer than with other proteins because of the stomach clotting properties of milk proteins and because Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is r ...
... that when included in weight loss products, milk proteins provide satiation and stimulate enhanced fat burning.7 The feeling of satiation with milk protein lasts hours longer than with other proteins because of the stomach clotting properties of milk proteins and because Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is r ...
Protein reutilisation in corms of Colchicum autumnale
... mother corm. The regular bud gives rise to new daughter corm and its shoot regularly at the end of August. The new shoot (yet without roots) is in flower in the middle of September. After flowering the differentiation of roots and the complete future above-ground part (stem, leaves and capsules) takes ...
... mother corm. The regular bud gives rise to new daughter corm and its shoot regularly at the end of August. The new shoot (yet without roots) is in flower in the middle of September. After flowering the differentiation of roots and the complete future above-ground part (stem, leaves and capsules) takes ...
effeot of moisture stress on submicrosoopic struoture of maize roots
... grouped along the cell walls. Such lipid droplets occur also, but less frequently, in the cortical cells. More and larger vacuoles were found in the dehydrated roots than in the controls. Often these vacuoles contain "membrane knots" similar to myelin bodies (Fig. 6). The submicroscopic structure of ...
... grouped along the cell walls. Such lipid droplets occur also, but less frequently, in the cortical cells. More and larger vacuoles were found in the dehydrated roots than in the controls. Often these vacuoles contain "membrane knots" similar to myelin bodies (Fig. 6). The submicroscopic structure of ...
Ectodermal progenitors derived from epiblast
... BMP4 for 3 days were positive for K18 (Figure 1Cl and D). Taken together, these data suggest that Nodal inhibition probably cooperates with BMP signals to modulate the lineage commitment from ESD-EpiSCs to either neural or epidermal fate, and repression of Nodal signaling by SB43 in ESD-EpiSCs might ...
... BMP4 for 3 days were positive for K18 (Figure 1Cl and D). Taken together, these data suggest that Nodal inhibition probably cooperates with BMP signals to modulate the lineage commitment from ESD-EpiSCs to either neural or epidermal fate, and repression of Nodal signaling by SB43 in ESD-EpiSCs might ...
BEL β-trefoil: A novel lectin with antineoplastic properties in king
... called lectins (Sharon 2007). In general, ligand binding precedes the fulfillment of an important biological function, which in some cases is still not known. Some members of this family are also called agglutinins because of their ability to agglutinate red blood cells, but this term does not necess ...
... called lectins (Sharon 2007). In general, ligand binding precedes the fulfillment of an important biological function, which in some cases is still not known. Some members of this family are also called agglutinins because of their ability to agglutinate red blood cells, but this term does not necess ...
Defining the tree of life: Archaea`s place in the evolutionary
... eukaryotes, Woese proposed a new form of life named archaebacteria. These methanogenic archaebacteria had a metabolism based on the reduction of carbon dioxide into methane (Woese 1977). Archaea primarily inhabit extreme environments and are divided into two kingdoms, Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota ...
... eukaryotes, Woese proposed a new form of life named archaebacteria. These methanogenic archaebacteria had a metabolism based on the reduction of carbon dioxide into methane (Woese 1977). Archaea primarily inhabit extreme environments and are divided into two kingdoms, Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota ...
PDF Full-text
... the staining of living cells [24]. The S4B staining protocol may be more valuable for real-time imaging of cellulose microfibrils of living cells. These studies strongly support the hypothesis that oriented deposition of cellulose microfibrils determines the direction of cell elongation [25]. Howeve ...
... the staining of living cells [24]. The S4B staining protocol may be more valuable for real-time imaging of cellulose microfibrils of living cells. These studies strongly support the hypothesis that oriented deposition of cellulose microfibrils determines the direction of cell elongation [25]. Howeve ...
Cnidarians: An evolutionarily conserved model system for
... and insects. Although little is known to date about cnidarian embryogenesis on the molecular level, new molecular data indicate that some of the homologous genes involved in bilaterian embryogenesis act during cnidarian regeneration. Therefore, the intriguing possibility exists that a common set of ...
... and insects. Although little is known to date about cnidarian embryogenesis on the molecular level, new molecular data indicate that some of the homologous genes involved in bilaterian embryogenesis act during cnidarian regeneration. Therefore, the intriguing possibility exists that a common set of ...
The membrane form of the DNA repair protein Ku interacts at the cell
... regulation of cell–cell interaction (Teoh et al, 1998; Lynch et al, 2001) and in tumor cells when exposed to hypoxia to participate to a more migratory phenotype (Ginis and Faller, 2000). At present, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to these new functions of Ku have not been determined. In t ...
... regulation of cell–cell interaction (Teoh et al, 1998; Lynch et al, 2001) and in tumor cells when exposed to hypoxia to participate to a more migratory phenotype (Ginis and Faller, 2000). At present, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to these new functions of Ku have not been determined. In t ...
Development of a 99mTc-labeled lactam bridge-cyclized alpha
... Objective Melanocortin-1 (MC1) receptor is an attractive melanoma-specific target which has been used for melanoma imaging and therapy. In this work, a new lactam bridge a-MSH analog was labeled with 99mTc via HYNIC and EDDA/tricine as coligands including gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a three ca ...
... Objective Melanocortin-1 (MC1) receptor is an attractive melanoma-specific target which has been used for melanoma imaging and therapy. In this work, a new lactam bridge a-MSH analog was labeled with 99mTc via HYNIC and EDDA/tricine as coligands including gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a three ca ...
Interferon-α (IFN-α) suppresses HTLV-1 gene
... Background: Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the causative retrovirus of adult T-cell leukemia/ lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-1 gene expression is maintained at low levels in vivo by unknown mechanisms. A combination therap ...
... Background: Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the causative retrovirus of adult T-cell leukemia/ lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-1 gene expression is maintained at low levels in vivo by unknown mechanisms. A combination therap ...
Chapter 4
... • Enzymes are proteins that act as chemical catalysts (reduce activation energy needed for a reaction) and regulate cell ...
... • Enzymes are proteins that act as chemical catalysts (reduce activation energy needed for a reaction) and regulate cell ...
APC2 Antibody
... APC2 Antibody: Cell cycle regulated protein ubiquitination and degradation within subcellular domains is thought to be essential for the normal progression of mitosis. APC2 is a highly conserved component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase ...
... APC2 Antibody: Cell cycle regulated protein ubiquitination and degradation within subcellular domains is thought to be essential for the normal progression of mitosis. APC2 is a highly conserved component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase ...
Cell Type–Specific Chromatin Decondensation of a
... groups of major histocompatibility complex and other genes in mammalian cells (Volpi et al., 2000; Müller et al., 2004). We then examined the length of the region encompassing Sad1 and Sad2 in the nuclei of the epidermal, subepidermal, and cortical cells. To do this, we measured a path consisting o ...
... groups of major histocompatibility complex and other genes in mammalian cells (Volpi et al., 2000; Müller et al., 2004). We then examined the length of the region encompassing Sad1 and Sad2 in the nuclei of the epidermal, subepidermal, and cortical cells. To do this, we measured a path consisting o ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.