Human pancreas development - The Company of Biologists
... 8 weeks of development prior to the fetal period. Counting somite pairs by light microscopy becomes more difficult after CS11. AIP, anterior intestinal portal. *The estimation of mouse development relates broadly to the Carnegie stage, not the key event in human pancreas development. ...
... 8 weeks of development prior to the fetal period. Counting somite pairs by light microscopy becomes more difficult after CS11. AIP, anterior intestinal portal. *The estimation of mouse development relates broadly to the Carnegie stage, not the key event in human pancreas development. ...
gland - Sinoe Medical Association
... Major Types of Glands: The two types are based on the mechanism of their secretion. Exocrine Glands – Glands that secrete their products onto the apical (or epithelia) surface directly OR via epithelial ducts or tubes that are connected to the apical surface. These exocrine glands are composed of h ...
... Major Types of Glands: The two types are based on the mechanism of their secretion. Exocrine Glands – Glands that secrete their products onto the apical (or epithelia) surface directly OR via epithelial ducts or tubes that are connected to the apical surface. These exocrine glands are composed of h ...
Three-Dimensional Organization of Drosophila melanogaster
... The slide was subsequently placed on a 37°C hot plate for 20 or 30 min and immediately placed back on the microscope stage. The original focal plane from each nucleus was identified from its sketch, and a parallel series of optical planes was photographed. In some experiments, another 1.5-2 h at roo ...
... The slide was subsequently placed on a 37°C hot plate for 20 or 30 min and immediately placed back on the microscope stage. The original focal plane from each nucleus was identified from its sketch, and a parallel series of optical planes was photographed. In some experiments, another 1.5-2 h at roo ...
Embryonic stem cell differentiation: emergence of a new era in
... (Evans and Kaufman 1981; Martin 1981). Their importance to modern biology and medicine derives from two unique characteristics that distinguish them from all other organ-specific stem cells identified to date. First, they can be maintained and expanded as pure populations of undifferentiated cells f ...
... (Evans and Kaufman 1981; Martin 1981). Their importance to modern biology and medicine derives from two unique characteristics that distinguish them from all other organ-specific stem cells identified to date. First, they can be maintained and expanded as pure populations of undifferentiated cells f ...
Transcription Factor c-Rel B κ Regulation of the IL-21 Gene by the NF-
... All animals were maintained in a specific pathogen-free facility. c-Rel knockout (rel2/2) mice were obtained from Prof. S. Gerondakis (Burnet Institute South Australia, Australia) and fully backcrossed 10 generations onto C57BL/6. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice (rel+/+) were purchased from the Australian Ph ...
... All animals were maintained in a specific pathogen-free facility. c-Rel knockout (rel2/2) mice were obtained from Prof. S. Gerondakis (Burnet Institute South Australia, Australia) and fully backcrossed 10 generations onto C57BL/6. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice (rel+/+) were purchased from the Australian Ph ...
Studies of the cat`s medial interlaminar nucleus
... Receptive field properties were studied using hand-held targets or stimuli produced by a computer-controlled optical system. Stimuli included light spots, black disks, and light bars. In addition, we used a constrast reversal stimulus, consisting of a 9' by 9' bipartite field in which illumination o ...
... Receptive field properties were studied using hand-held targets or stimuli produced by a computer-controlled optical system. Stimuli included light spots, black disks, and light bars. In addition, we used a constrast reversal stimulus, consisting of a 9' by 9' bipartite field in which illumination o ...
Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells in the Spotlight: The Satellite Cell
... Studies with myogenic cell lines further permitted extensive biochemical and molecular analyses, although these models do not always fully adhere to the biology of satellite cells. The closing paragraph of this section details some of the most commonly used myogenic cell lines. Satellite cell popula ...
... Studies with myogenic cell lines further permitted extensive biochemical and molecular analyses, although these models do not always fully adhere to the biology of satellite cells. The closing paragraph of this section details some of the most commonly used myogenic cell lines. Satellite cell popula ...
Facial Plastic Surgery
... Growth factors and cytokines (referred to collectively hereafter as GFs) control cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation via a network of inter and intracellular signaling pathways. There are striking parallels between the pathways involved in skin wound healing and those implicated in photo ...
... Growth factors and cytokines (referred to collectively hereafter as GFs) control cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation via a network of inter and intracellular signaling pathways. There are striking parallels between the pathways involved in skin wound healing and those implicated in photo ...
DAZL is essential for stress granule formation
... Mammalian male germ cells should be maintained below body temperature for proper development. Here, we investigated how male germ cells respond to heat stress. A short exposure of mouse testes to core body temperature induced phosphorylation of eIF2 and the formation of stress granules (SGs) in mal ...
... Mammalian male germ cells should be maintained below body temperature for proper development. Here, we investigated how male germ cells respond to heat stress. A short exposure of mouse testes to core body temperature induced phosphorylation of eIF2 and the formation of stress granules (SGs) in mal ...
Functional characterization of cohesin subunit SCC1 in
... nuclei (N) were used to stage cells within the cell cycle and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation was used as an additional marker for S-phase. Nearly all trypanosomes in G1 (1K1N) showed no SCC1 labelling and no BrdU incorporation (Fig. 2A). Low levels of SCC1 were detected in some 1K1N cells ...
... nuclei (N) were used to stage cells within the cell cycle and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation was used as an additional marker for S-phase. Nearly all trypanosomes in G1 (1K1N) showed no SCC1 labelling and no BrdU incorporation (Fig. 2A). Low levels of SCC1 were detected in some 1K1N cells ...
Nestin Is Required for the Proper SelfRenewal of Neural Stem Cells
... accepted as a marker of NSCs both during embryonic development and in the adult brain [2, 3]. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies now rely on nestin expression to track the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of NSCs. During embryogenesis, nestin expression can also be found in tissues o ...
... accepted as a marker of NSCs both during embryonic development and in the adult brain [2, 3]. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies now rely on nestin expression to track the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of NSCs. During embryogenesis, nestin expression can also be found in tissues o ...
Auxin Metabolism and Function in the Multicellular Brown Alga
... The effect of auxin on the growth and development in E. siliculosus was tested at different stages of its life cycle. E. siliculosus development follows a complex heteromorphic haplodiploid life cycle (Müller, 1967). Diploid sporophytes produce both meiospores (from a meiotic event) and mitospores, ...
... The effect of auxin on the growth and development in E. siliculosus was tested at different stages of its life cycle. E. siliculosus development follows a complex heteromorphic haplodiploid life cycle (Müller, 1967). Diploid sporophytes produce both meiospores (from a meiotic event) and mitospores, ...
Cytoskeletal Elements in Bacteria
... that can produce a whole colony (78). In fact, Streptomyces cells divide rather irregularly and distribute their chromosomes sloppily. Thus, there is no apparent need to divide during growth in these organisms. However, S. coelicolor is unable to sporulate in the absence of FtsZ, because cell divisi ...
... that can produce a whole colony (78). In fact, Streptomyces cells divide rather irregularly and distribute their chromosomes sloppily. Thus, there is no apparent need to divide during growth in these organisms. However, S. coelicolor is unable to sporulate in the absence of FtsZ, because cell divisi ...
The Small GTPases Rho and Rac Are Required for the
... strength to adhesion (Kemler, 1993; Brieher et al., 1996). In spite of the importance of cadherin function for many developmental processes and tumor metastasis, the model postulated for the regulation of cadherin-mediated cell– cell adhesion is still very fragmented. It is not known how the associa ...
... strength to adhesion (Kemler, 1993; Brieher et al., 1996). In spite of the importance of cadherin function for many developmental processes and tumor metastasis, the model postulated for the regulation of cadherin-mediated cell– cell adhesion is still very fragmented. It is not known how the associa ...
A rapid and robust assay for detection of S
... processed for immunodetection of BrdU. Following fixation washes, cell walls were partially digested with an enzyme cocktail composed of high purity cellulase and pectinase. Cells were settled on poly-L-lysine coated slides and plasma membranes were permeabilized with Triton X-100 followed by DNase ...
... processed for immunodetection of BrdU. Following fixation washes, cell walls were partially digested with an enzyme cocktail composed of high purity cellulase and pectinase. Cells were settled on poly-L-lysine coated slides and plasma membranes were permeabilized with Triton X-100 followed by DNase ...
Nucleoredoxin and Wnt signaling in F9 cells
... the parietal and visceral yolk sacs, respectively. The cells of the PrE, PE and VE, collectively known as extraembryonic endoderm (ExE), are important for embryonic patterning as well as for providing nutrients and signaling molecules to the developing embryo [1, 3]. This differentiation of the ICM ...
... the parietal and visceral yolk sacs, respectively. The cells of the PrE, PE and VE, collectively known as extraembryonic endoderm (ExE), are important for embryonic patterning as well as for providing nutrients and signaling molecules to the developing embryo [1, 3]. This differentiation of the ICM ...
Division, and Morphogenesis in Plants
... has accumulated a large body of data, and yet it remains a challenge to uncover the basic mechanisms that are operating. Early steps of development, when the zygote and its daughter cells organize the embryonic plant, are poorly understood despite considerable efforts toward the identification of re ...
... has accumulated a large body of data, and yet it remains a challenge to uncover the basic mechanisms that are operating. Early steps of development, when the zygote and its daughter cells organize the embryonic plant, are poorly understood despite considerable efforts toward the identification of re ...
Maturing reticulocytes internalize plasma membrane
... A clearer understanding of this final step in the maturation of human erythroid cells would facilitate the study of inherited and acquired anemias exhibiting reticulocytosis,7 inform attempts to elucidate the process whereby Plasmodium vivax invades human reticulocytes,8 and provide a means of monit ...
... A clearer understanding of this final step in the maturation of human erythroid cells would facilitate the study of inherited and acquired anemias exhibiting reticulocytosis,7 inform attempts to elucidate the process whereby Plasmodium vivax invades human reticulocytes,8 and provide a means of monit ...
Maintenance of ZPA signaling in cultured mouse limb bud cells
... 1991). Thus, a signal similar to that derived from the posterior limb bud appears to be utilized extensively throughout embryogenesis. In the limb bud, ZPA signaling is controlled both spatially and temporally. Using chick tissue, maps of ZPA signaling have been established for different development ...
... 1991). Thus, a signal similar to that derived from the posterior limb bud appears to be utilized extensively throughout embryogenesis. In the limb bud, ZPA signaling is controlled both spatially and temporally. Using chick tissue, maps of ZPA signaling have been established for different development ...
Expression Sequences and Distribution of Two Primary Cell
... of L-CAM gradually diminished in the nervous system ...
... of L-CAM gradually diminished in the nervous system ...
Mechanism System by a Fas Ligand-Dependent of Inflammation in
... have been shown to regulate a variety of immune responses, including those associated with autoimmunity (1–3). The prevailing view is that ␥␦ T cells bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses, primarily by exerting specific functions, which are determined by the tissue and local microenvironme ...
... have been shown to regulate a variety of immune responses, including those associated with autoimmunity (1–3). The prevailing view is that ␥␦ T cells bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses, primarily by exerting specific functions, which are determined by the tissue and local microenvironme ...
The Notch-target gene hairy2a impedes the involution of
... the different cell populations that contribute to the dorsal midline (DML) in Xenopus (López et al., 2003). As a corollary, we proposed that the early organiser indeed contains cells that have the potential to develop either as notochord or FP, but the question of whether they constitute a mixed pop ...
... the different cell populations that contribute to the dorsal midline (DML) in Xenopus (López et al., 2003). As a corollary, we proposed that the early organiser indeed contains cells that have the potential to develop either as notochord or FP, but the question of whether they constitute a mixed pop ...
zjawisko oddzia*ywania allelopatycznego sinic i glonów w
... structure of the ecosystem, are called allelochemicals. In a recent study Leflaive & Ten-Hage (2007) showed that the allelopathic compounds may constitute an important group of bioactive components containing toxic and nontoxic compounds. These compounds may have antialgal, antibiotic and antifungal ...
... structure of the ecosystem, are called allelochemicals. In a recent study Leflaive & Ten-Hage (2007) showed that the allelopathic compounds may constitute an important group of bioactive components containing toxic and nontoxic compounds. These compounds may have antialgal, antibiotic and antifungal ...
Effect of Colchicine on Human Tissues.
... figures" and in general these were most numerous in the epithelial elements of parenchymatous organs and in lymphoid structures. The cells showing the earliest effects were invariable in the metaphase, and earlier stages could not be detected. The cells showing the least severe changes were usually ...
... figures" and in general these were most numerous in the epithelial elements of parenchymatous organs and in lymphoid structures. The cells showing the earliest effects were invariable in the metaphase, and earlier stages could not be detected. The cells showing the least severe changes were usually ...
Analysis of Cell Divisions Patterns in the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical
... into 2D space. Since the meristem is dome-shaped, when projecting the meristem from the top the cells in the center are viewed perpendicularly while the cells towards the edges are viewed at an angle. This non-perpendicular viewing angle distorts the lengths of the cell walls and the angles at which ...
... into 2D space. Since the meristem is dome-shaped, when projecting the meristem from the top the cells in the center are viewed perpendicularly while the cells towards the edges are viewed at an angle. This non-perpendicular viewing angle distorts the lengths of the cell walls and the angles at which ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.