... lysis and death. The BLB adhered to the Microcystis cell plasmalema by means of tubular structures. These membranous extensions may possibly represent recognition sites to allow for interactions between bacteria and cyanobacteria. In the natural environment, the BLB are selective only invading Micro ...
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
... (i) by counting the acid-precipitable activity or (ii) by chromatography of heat-inactivated samples as described previously (12, 15). The possibility that radioactive teichoic acid, in addition to peptidoglycan, was counted as acid-precipitable radioactivity or as a nonmoving component on the chrom ...
... (i) by counting the acid-precipitable activity or (ii) by chromatography of heat-inactivated samples as described previously (12, 15). The possibility that radioactive teichoic acid, in addition to peptidoglycan, was counted as acid-precipitable radioactivity or as a nonmoving component on the chrom ...
Adipocyte lipolysis links obesity to breast cancer growth: adipocyte
... metabolism is not well defined. The nature of tumor-stroma interactions, particularly reciprocal signaling between tumor cells and fibroblasts, has been the subject of extensive study (see review [6]). However, more recently, this model has been broadened to consider the role of other stromal cell t ...
... metabolism is not well defined. The nature of tumor-stroma interactions, particularly reciprocal signaling between tumor cells and fibroblasts, has been the subject of extensive study (see review [6]). However, more recently, this model has been broadened to consider the role of other stromal cell t ...
ANALYSIS OF NF-κB, CASPASE-3, MMP-2, MMP
... expressions are usually linked with invasive behaviour in malignant tumors [23-25]. It has been reported that MMPs play important role in ECM degradation in non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) [26]. Some studies have reported that MMP-9 expression is related with a poor clinical outcome in NHLs, and plays a ...
... expressions are usually linked with invasive behaviour in malignant tumors [23-25]. It has been reported that MMPs play important role in ECM degradation in non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) [26]. Some studies have reported that MMP-9 expression is related with a poor clinical outcome in NHLs, and plays a ...
Hedgehog and Dpp signaling induce cadherin Cad86C expression
... Fig. 1 – Hedgehog and Dpp signal transduction are required for apicobasal shortening of cells within the morphogenetic furrow. (A) Scheme of an eye imaginal disc. The morphogenetic furrow (MF) moves from posterior to anterior across the eye imaginal disc. Cells differentiate as they leave the morpho ...
... Fig. 1 – Hedgehog and Dpp signal transduction are required for apicobasal shortening of cells within the morphogenetic furrow. (A) Scheme of an eye imaginal disc. The morphogenetic furrow (MF) moves from posterior to anterior across the eye imaginal disc. Cells differentiate as they leave the morpho ...
Alveolar macrophages are the main source for tumour necrosis H. Fehrenbach
... TNF-a into the BAL fluid [11–13]. In addition, pulmonary epithelial cells, which are able to act as accessory cells in T-cell activation, and in immunoregulation cells of the lung [14] may also release TNF-a under certain conditions [15–17]. Furthermore, the pool of bioactive TNF-a is additionally r ...
... TNF-a into the BAL fluid [11–13]. In addition, pulmonary epithelial cells, which are able to act as accessory cells in T-cell activation, and in immunoregulation cells of the lung [14] may also release TNF-a under certain conditions [15–17]. Furthermore, the pool of bioactive TNF-a is additionally r ...
Biophys-85_R1
... causes ATP release, which leads to proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts of the pulmonary artery and induces transformation to myofibroblasts via autocrine/paracrine mechanisms [29], indicating the role of ATP in vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. A blockade of purine recepto ...
... causes ATP release, which leads to proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts of the pulmonary artery and induces transformation to myofibroblasts via autocrine/paracrine mechanisms [29], indicating the role of ATP in vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. A blockade of purine recepto ...
here - The Nebenführ Lab
... peristaltic pump, by means of needles piercing the O-ring on opposite ends of the chamber. At the beginning of each experiment, BDM (Sigma) was freshly dissolved in an appropriate volume of MS to yield a final concentration of 40 mM. Lower concentrations (up to 30 mM) did not reproducibly lead to th ...
... peristaltic pump, by means of needles piercing the O-ring on opposite ends of the chamber. At the beginning of each experiment, BDM (Sigma) was freshly dissolved in an appropriate volume of MS to yield a final concentration of 40 mM. Lower concentrations (up to 30 mM) did not reproducibly lead to th ...
Phospholipase D promotes Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
... PLDs are ubiquitous enzymes which cleave phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM), both of which are abundant in the mammalian plasma membrane [17]. SM, with cholesterol and GPI-anchored proteins, predominantly partitions to lipid rafts, which are tightly packed, memb ...
... PLDs are ubiquitous enzymes which cleave phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM), both of which are abundant in the mammalian plasma membrane [17]. SM, with cholesterol and GPI-anchored proteins, predominantly partitions to lipid rafts, which are tightly packed, memb ...
Cell-A-Brate - 6.LS.1 - Columbus City Schools
... these you should point out that in both there is a progression of size but in the levels of organization of living things each level is a part of the level above it working from smallest to largest. The final product can be made with random cells, etc., but higher level students should be encouraged ...
... these you should point out that in both there is a progression of size but in the levels of organization of living things each level is a part of the level above it working from smallest to largest. The final product can be made with random cells, etc., but higher level students should be encouraged ...
Chemical–Biological Studies of Subcellular Organization in Bacteria
... the septum by synthases associated with FtsZ but does not affect the insertion of cell wall precursors along the cylindrical region of cells.17 Evaluation of the Potency and Specificity of Putative FtsZ Inhibitors in Vivo. Several other small molecules have been identified as FtsZ inhibitors; below we ...
... the septum by synthases associated with FtsZ but does not affect the insertion of cell wall precursors along the cylindrical region of cells.17 Evaluation of the Potency and Specificity of Putative FtsZ Inhibitors in Vivo. Several other small molecules have been identified as FtsZ inhibitors; below we ...
Salt-Induced Remodeling of Spatially Restricted
... Although the operation and physiological relevance of endocytosis have been demonstrated unequivocally in plants, the molecular components participating in the process are less well characterized than in animal systems. Simple, well-defined tissue organization makes the Arabidopsis thaliana root an i ...
... Although the operation and physiological relevance of endocytosis have been demonstrated unequivocally in plants, the molecular components participating in the process are less well characterized than in animal systems. Simple, well-defined tissue organization makes the Arabidopsis thaliana root an i ...
Early transcription in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos
... The time of onset for embryonic transcription in C. elegans has previously been assessed indirectly by two different methods, with somewhat differing results. In situ hybridization with labelled oligo(dT) probes to detect poly(A)+ mRNAs showed the first detectable increase in nuclear labelling at ap ...
... The time of onset for embryonic transcription in C. elegans has previously been assessed indirectly by two different methods, with somewhat differing results. In situ hybridization with labelled oligo(dT) probes to detect poly(A)+ mRNAs showed the first detectable increase in nuclear labelling at ap ...
Adenosine affects expression of membrane molecules, cytokine and
... the 20-100 mM or µM range have been detected in injured tissues (13-16). In addition, about 20% of the intracellular ATP content from eukariotic cells can be released by type III secretion machinery (17). Moreover, there is accumulating evidence that activated neutrophils release AMP in the 10 µM ra ...
... the 20-100 mM or µM range have been detected in injured tissues (13-16). In addition, about 20% of the intracellular ATP content from eukariotic cells can be released by type III secretion machinery (17). Moreover, there is accumulating evidence that activated neutrophils release AMP in the 10 µM ra ...
Nucleolytic processing of aberrant replication intermediates by an
... by generating less complex ssDNA molecules eluding detection in 2D gels. In light of these results, we propose that resection by Exo1 might counteract reversed forks processing into aberrant Y-shaped intermediates by eliminating dou- ...
... by generating less complex ssDNA molecules eluding detection in 2D gels. In light of these results, we propose that resection by Exo1 might counteract reversed forks processing into aberrant Y-shaped intermediates by eliminating dou- ...
1111138443_282428
... • Nuclear membrane has pores to allow substances passage • Chromatin genetic material inside nucleoplasm • Nucleolus: site of ribosome formation ...
... • Nuclear membrane has pores to allow substances passage • Chromatin genetic material inside nucleoplasm • Nucleolus: site of ribosome formation ...
TGFβ/activin/nodal signaling is necessary for the maintenance of
... activation of canonical WNT signaling (Sato et al., 2004; Meijer et al., 2003). Accordingly, BIO maintained phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 above levels seen in hESCs grown in nCM alone, and this effect was accompanied by maintenance of OCT3/4, a marker of pluripotency. To test the ability of hESCs cultu ...
... activation of canonical WNT signaling (Sato et al., 2004; Meijer et al., 2003). Accordingly, BIO maintained phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 above levels seen in hESCs grown in nCM alone, and this effect was accompanied by maintenance of OCT3/4, a marker of pluripotency. To test the ability of hESCs cultu ...
Inhibition of Protein Synthesis by Vaccinia Virus. II. Studies on the
... is observed protein synthesis is inhibited in infected, treated cells. We had previously noted that such a correlation may also be observed in infected, cycloheximide-treated cells. If actinomycin D (20/zg/ml) is added to these cells at various times after infection and treatment, the inhibition of ...
... is observed protein synthesis is inhibited in infected, treated cells. We had previously noted that such a correlation may also be observed in infected, cycloheximide-treated cells. If actinomycin D (20/zg/ml) is added to these cells at various times after infection and treatment, the inhibition of ...
RECQ5 helicase promotes resolution of conflicts between
... with RNAPII during transcription elongation (Izumikawa et al., 2008; Kanagaraj et al., 2010). It also localizes to DNA replication foci throughout S phase and interacts physically with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a key component of the replisome (Kanagaraj et al., 2006). A recent ...
... with RNAPII during transcription elongation (Izumikawa et al., 2008; Kanagaraj et al., 2010). It also localizes to DNA replication foci throughout S phase and interacts physically with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a key component of the replisome (Kanagaraj et al., 2006). A recent ...
Complex objects are represented in macaque inferotemporal cortex
... 20 inactive cells outside (Fig. 2c, top). Similar results were obtained for 32 of 34 cells (94.1%) for stimulus 2 (Fig. 2c, middle), and for 33 of 34 cells (97.1%) for stimulus 3 (Fig. 2c, bottom). Throughout the investigation, we examined the correspondence between extracellular and optical respons ...
... 20 inactive cells outside (Fig. 2c, top). Similar results were obtained for 32 of 34 cells (94.1%) for stimulus 2 (Fig. 2c, middle), and for 33 of 34 cells (97.1%) for stimulus 3 (Fig. 2c, bottom). Throughout the investigation, we examined the correspondence between extracellular and optical respons ...
A feeling for the micro-organism: structure on a small scale. Biofilms
... Figures 2–8. Examples of root (2–6) colonization and in vitro biofilm formation (7, 8). Figs 2–4. CSLM images of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains DF57 (red) and Ag1 (green) colonizing 1-day-old barley roots; 2, the bacteria are associated with a mucilage layer around the root. 3, strings of bacteria ...
... Figures 2–8. Examples of root (2–6) colonization and in vitro biofilm formation (7, 8). Figs 2–4. CSLM images of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains DF57 (red) and Ag1 (green) colonizing 1-day-old barley roots; 2, the bacteria are associated with a mucilage layer around the root. 3, strings of bacteria ...
Cytokinesis of neuroepithelial cells can divide their basal process
... Figure 1 Basal processes of NE cells in M phase can be visualized by MPM-2 immunostaining or expression of membrane-targeted GFP. (A) Overview of the ventricular zone. A frozen section of E10.5 mouse telencephalic neuroepithelium was immunostained with MPM-2 antibody. Eight 1-mm optical sections wer ...
... Figure 1 Basal processes of NE cells in M phase can be visualized by MPM-2 immunostaining or expression of membrane-targeted GFP. (A) Overview of the ventricular zone. A frozen section of E10.5 mouse telencephalic neuroepithelium was immunostained with MPM-2 antibody. Eight 1-mm optical sections wer ...
Supplemental Results
... pausing and abortive RNA synthesis. As a consequence of decreased pausing, these substitutions should also impair Q antitermination function. To test these predictions, we purified 70 A370F and 70 A370Y and assayed the corresponding reconstituted RNAP holoenzymes in vitro. We examined the effects ...
... pausing and abortive RNA synthesis. As a consequence of decreased pausing, these substitutions should also impair Q antitermination function. To test these predictions, we purified 70 A370F and 70 A370Y and assayed the corresponding reconstituted RNAP holoenzymes in vitro. We examined the effects ...
"Unusual" modifications and variations of
... on sialic acids, regardless of the underlying oligosaccharide structure. However, the whole virions are unstable, are subject to steric hindrance in binding, and are impractical for many applications. To address this deficiency, we prepared a recombinant soluble form of the CHE wherein the C-termina ...
... on sialic acids, regardless of the underlying oligosaccharide structure. However, the whole virions are unstable, are subject to steric hindrance in binding, and are impractical for many applications. To address this deficiency, we prepared a recombinant soluble form of the CHE wherein the C-termina ...
Plastid Ontogeny during Petal Development in Arabidopsis
... 1997). Plastid differentiation during petal development has been studied with only a few species, primarily those with yellow petals: Tropaeolum majus (Falk, 1976; Winkenbach et al., 1976), Ranunculus sp. (Brett and Sommerard, 1986), and Caltha palustris (Whatley, 1984). Studies of the yellow coroll ...
... 1997). Plastid differentiation during petal development has been studied with only a few species, primarily those with yellow petals: Tropaeolum majus (Falk, 1976; Winkenbach et al., 1976), Ranunculus sp. (Brett and Sommerard, 1986), and Caltha palustris (Whatley, 1984). Studies of the yellow coroll ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.