Eph/ephrins and N-cadherin coordinate to control the
... of sympathetic ganglia Given the spatiotemporal correlation between these gene expression patterns and neural crest cell movements in the interganglionic regions, we tested the hypothesis that ephrinB1 and EphB2 play a role in neural crest cell sorting. To block signaling in ovo, we utilized ephrinB ...
... of sympathetic ganglia Given the spatiotemporal correlation between these gene expression patterns and neural crest cell movements in the interganglionic regions, we tested the hypothesis that ephrinB1 and EphB2 play a role in neural crest cell sorting. To block signaling in ovo, we utilized ephrinB ...
Human pluripotent stem cells
... of interest because of their potential use in applications ranging from basic research to novel cell-based therapies and tissue engineering. While the field has developed well-defined protocols for the expansion of human PSCs in the undifferentiated state as well as their subsequent differentiation in ...
... of interest because of their potential use in applications ranging from basic research to novel cell-based therapies and tissue engineering. While the field has developed well-defined protocols for the expansion of human PSCs in the undifferentiated state as well as their subsequent differentiation in ...
Monoclonal antibody 7G3 recognizes the N
... cells.'-6 Recently, IL-3 has also been shown to regulate vascular endothelial cell functions, enhancing adhesion molecule expression, neutrophil transmigration, and cytokine prod~ction.~,' Although some of the effects of IL-3 may be desirable and have prompted its clinical use in bone marrow reconst ...
... cells.'-6 Recently, IL-3 has also been shown to regulate vascular endothelial cell functions, enhancing adhesion molecule expression, neutrophil transmigration, and cytokine prod~ction.~,' Although some of the effects of IL-3 may be desirable and have prompted its clinical use in bone marrow reconst ...
From milliseconds to millions of years: guard cells and
... of what has taken place over the developmental and evolutionary timescales remains limited, but several papers have broken new ground. In 1987, Woodward [14] pointed to evidence in the fossil record that plants have responded to post-industrial increases in atmospheric CO2 levels with decreases in s ...
... of what has taken place over the developmental and evolutionary timescales remains limited, but several papers have broken new ground. In 1987, Woodward [14] pointed to evidence in the fossil record that plants have responded to post-industrial increases in atmospheric CO2 levels with decreases in s ...
Metode Mikrobiologis - Selamat Datang di Komunitas e
... A pure culture is a culture consisting of only one kind of microorganism Aseptic technique is technique which involves avoiding any contact of the pure culture, using sterile medium, and using sterile surfaces of the growth vessel with contaminating microorganisms How to accomplish it? ...
... A pure culture is a culture consisting of only one kind of microorganism Aseptic technique is technique which involves avoiding any contact of the pure culture, using sterile medium, and using sterile surfaces of the growth vessel with contaminating microorganisms How to accomplish it? ...
Patterning the Xenopus blastula - Development
... dorsalizing activity when injected into embryos (Xwnt 11: Ku and Melton, 1993; Xwnt-8b: Cui et al., 1995). But the roles of the endogenous molecules have yet to be defined. Recent studies have indicated that homologs of the Drosophila frizzled gene, the putative Xwnt receptor, can interact with Xwnt ...
... dorsalizing activity when injected into embryos (Xwnt 11: Ku and Melton, 1993; Xwnt-8b: Cui et al., 1995). But the roles of the endogenous molecules have yet to be defined. Recent studies have indicated that homologs of the Drosophila frizzled gene, the putative Xwnt receptor, can interact with Xwnt ...
Heterotopic Neurons with Altered Inhibitory Synaptic Function in an
... 3C,D). To further illustrate the difference in sIPSC decay times, event histograms (Fig. 3E) were constructed from 100 individual sIPSCs recorded on a CA1 pyramidal neuron (control; P17) and an age-matched heterotopic pyramidal neuron (MAM; P17). Note the shift toward longer decay time constants for ...
... 3C,D). To further illustrate the difference in sIPSC decay times, event histograms (Fig. 3E) were constructed from 100 individual sIPSCs recorded on a CA1 pyramidal neuron (control; P17) and an age-matched heterotopic pyramidal neuron (MAM; P17). Note the shift toward longer decay time constants for ...
Title Soybean extracts increase cell surface ZIP4 abundance and
... would enable the increase of both cell surface ZIP4 expression and cellular zinc levels. This technique identified soybean extracts as containing such components, which included soyasaponin Bb. Soyasaponin Bb increased the cell surface expression of both mouse Zip4 (mZip4) and human ZIP4 (hZIP4), as ...
... would enable the increase of both cell surface ZIP4 expression and cellular zinc levels. This technique identified soybean extracts as containing such components, which included soyasaponin Bb. Soyasaponin Bb increased the cell surface expression of both mouse Zip4 (mZip4) and human ZIP4 (hZIP4), as ...
- ResearchOnline@JCU
... used as heat treatment tanks, and two as control tanks. Control and treatment tanks were fed from separate 1000 l sumps; this design was chosen to allow for effective heating of water in the experimental tanks. The tanks were maintained for 4 days prior to coral collection to allow the microbial sur ...
... used as heat treatment tanks, and two as control tanks. Control and treatment tanks were fed from separate 1000 l sumps; this design was chosen to allow for effective heating of water in the experimental tanks. The tanks were maintained for 4 days prior to coral collection to allow the microbial sur ...
Direct interaction of FtsZ and MreB is required for septum synthesis
... The mreB gene is essential in E. coli under conditions that support rapid cell growth; however, it is possible to physiologically suppress the requirement for mreB by overexpression of FtsZ (Kruse et al, 2005; Bendezú and de Boer, 2008). Cells conditionally suppressed in this way grow as irregular ...
... The mreB gene is essential in E. coli under conditions that support rapid cell growth; however, it is possible to physiologically suppress the requirement for mreB by overexpression of FtsZ (Kruse et al, 2005; Bendezú and de Boer, 2008). Cells conditionally suppressed in this way grow as irregular ...
Basophils and Autoreactive IgE in the Pathogenesis of
... 1 in 1,000 in the United States, thus lupus prevention and treatment is an important international challenge. Environmental and/or genetic factors as contributors to development or severity of disease are evident but their roles are poorly understood. For example, approximately 90% of SLE patients a ...
... 1 in 1,000 in the United States, thus lupus prevention and treatment is an important international challenge. Environmental and/or genetic factors as contributors to development or severity of disease are evident but their roles are poorly understood. For example, approximately 90% of SLE patients a ...
Mass transfer –limited bacterial growth
... 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 30 g L-1 of anthracene crystals (Figure 4a-f) based on batch maintenance rates representing total (b = 0.00069 h-1; dashed line) and crystal-bound biomass (b = 0.002 h-1; solid line). The influence of maintenance b is reflected by increasingly bent curves resulting in zero growth ...
... 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 30 g L-1 of anthracene crystals (Figure 4a-f) based on batch maintenance rates representing total (b = 0.00069 h-1; dashed line) and crystal-bound biomass (b = 0.002 h-1; solid line). The influence of maintenance b is reflected by increasingly bent curves resulting in zero growth ...
IL-10–producing NKT10 cells are a distinct regulatory invariant
... agonist of mouse and human iNKT cells, has been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer patients, and it is under continuing development as a therapeutic agent (1–7). The influence of iNKT cells can, however, be unpredictable, and they may exhibit opposing effects on tumor growth, infl ...
... agonist of mouse and human iNKT cells, has been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer patients, and it is under continuing development as a therapeutic agent (1–7). The influence of iNKT cells can, however, be unpredictable, and they may exhibit opposing effects on tumor growth, infl ...
t-SNARE Phosphorylation Regulates Endocytosis in Yeast
... mulation of secretory vesicles, in an inhibition in protein secretion, and in various conditional lethal phenotypes (Protopopov et al., 1993; David et al., 1998). Mutations in either of two genes that encode homologous ER-localized proteins (Vbm1,2/Elo2,3), which are involved in long-chain fatty aci ...
... mulation of secretory vesicles, in an inhibition in protein secretion, and in various conditional lethal phenotypes (Protopopov et al., 1993; David et al., 1998). Mutations in either of two genes that encode homologous ER-localized proteins (Vbm1,2/Elo2,3), which are involved in long-chain fatty aci ...
Bite Wounds in Dogs and Cats - Pennsylvania Veterinary Medical
... materials, proteins that attack bacteria, and produce cytokines that stimulate the inflammatory response and activate local fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Macrophages phagocytose bacteria and extracellular debris and release tumor necrosis factor (TNF ), interleukin 1 (IL-1), transforming growth fac ...
... materials, proteins that attack bacteria, and produce cytokines that stimulate the inflammatory response and activate local fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Macrophages phagocytose bacteria and extracellular debris and release tumor necrosis factor (TNF ), interleukin 1 (IL-1), transforming growth fac ...
Toll-like receptor 4–dependent contribution of the immune system to
... Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize molecules derived from pathogens as well as endogenous danger signals possessing similar chemical structures9,10. Upon recognition of their ligands, TLRs transduce signals through two pathways involving distinct adaptors, Toll/IL-1R domain–containing adaptor indu ...
... Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize molecules derived from pathogens as well as endogenous danger signals possessing similar chemical structures9,10. Upon recognition of their ligands, TLRs transduce signals through two pathways involving distinct adaptors, Toll/IL-1R domain–containing adaptor indu ...
Relating the mechanics of the primary plant cell
... hyperelastic hydrogels with nearly incompressible bulk behavior and stiffening under large deformations (Mikshina et al., 2015). If the RG-I network does indeed exhibit strain stiffening, its contribution in distributing the mechanical loads to the network of cellulose and other wall polysaccharides ...
... hyperelastic hydrogels with nearly incompressible bulk behavior and stiffening under large deformations (Mikshina et al., 2015). If the RG-I network does indeed exhibit strain stiffening, its contribution in distributing the mechanical loads to the network of cellulose and other wall polysaccharides ...
Characterization of Chloroplast Division Using the Arabidopsis
... wild-type and arc5 cells. There is also little difference in plastid morphology, internal thylakoid membrane structure, or thylakoid alignment when arc5 and wild-type plastids are compared. These observations suggest that the wild-type and arc5 chloroplasts of leaf primordial cells develop at a simi ...
... wild-type and arc5 cells. There is also little difference in plastid morphology, internal thylakoid membrane structure, or thylakoid alignment when arc5 and wild-type plastids are compared. These observations suggest that the wild-type and arc5 chloroplasts of leaf primordial cells develop at a simi ...
Lipid-like materials for low-dose, in vivo gene silencing Please share
... 2001 (2), considerable effort has been directed towards their therapeutic application in humans (3). The most significant challenges to delivery include the relatively large size (∼13 kDa) and negative charge of siRNA molecules as well as their susceptibility to enzymatic degradation in vivo (4, 5). ...
... 2001 (2), considerable effort has been directed towards their therapeutic application in humans (3). The most significant challenges to delivery include the relatively large size (∼13 kDa) and negative charge of siRNA molecules as well as their susceptibility to enzymatic degradation in vivo (4, 5). ...
... the limited functional capacity of CTLs in chronic HIV infection, as these cells are essential for viral control. As with the murine LCMV model, PD-1 was found to be upregulated on virus-specific CTLs from HIV-infected patients [33, 34]. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HIV-specific PD-1-expre ...
Development
... terminal sugar, were shown to be essential for mitogenic activity (Spaink et al., 1991). Chitin oligosaccharides have been shown to be unable to elicit nodule primordia when externally added to V. sativa roots. A role of (lipo)chitin oligosaccharides in processes other than nodulation is suggested b ...
... terminal sugar, were shown to be essential for mitogenic activity (Spaink et al., 1991). Chitin oligosaccharides have been shown to be unable to elicit nodule primordia when externally added to V. sativa roots. A role of (lipo)chitin oligosaccharides in processes other than nodulation is suggested b ...
Disulfide formation in plant storage vacuoles permits assembly
... compost and vermiculite under greenhouse conditions at 15°C with a 16 hour light / 8 hour dark cycle. Prior to planting, seeds were imbibed in running water overnight. The development of Ricinus communis seeds is divided into seven stages (A to G) based on size, testa formation and state of hydratio ...
... compost and vermiculite under greenhouse conditions at 15°C with a 16 hour light / 8 hour dark cycle. Prior to planting, seeds were imbibed in running water overnight. The development of Ricinus communis seeds is divided into seven stages (A to G) based on size, testa formation and state of hydratio ...
Read about actions of formaldehyde on antigens
... There is no ideal way to prepare all tissues for immunohistochemistry. The access of antibodies in solution to tissue-bound antigens may be enhanced or inhibited by fixation. Some antigens can be detected only in unfixed cryosections; most are more easily detected after fixation. Paraffin embedding ...
... There is no ideal way to prepare all tissues for immunohistochemistry. The access of antibodies in solution to tissue-bound antigens may be enhanced or inhibited by fixation. Some antigens can be detected only in unfixed cryosections; most are more easily detected after fixation. Paraffin embedding ...
Bone Matrix
... cell cycle and cell growth regulated genes that support proliferation During this proliferation period, and fundamental to development of bone phenotype, several genes associated with formation of the ECM (type I collagen, fibronectin, and transforming growth factor- (TGF- ) are actively expressed ...
... cell cycle and cell growth regulated genes that support proliferation During this proliferation period, and fundamental to development of bone phenotype, several genes associated with formation of the ECM (type I collagen, fibronectin, and transforming growth factor- (TGF- ) are actively expressed ...
histology cytology embryology
... > that the cell is the basic unit of living systems; > that all organisms consist of at least one cell; > that cells in multicellular organisms are often specialized; > that all cells come from previous cells. Cell The cell is the structural and functional unit of the organism. Except for cells, in ...
... > that the cell is the basic unit of living systems; > that all organisms consist of at least one cell; > that cells in multicellular organisms are often specialized; > that all cells come from previous cells. Cell The cell is the structural and functional unit of the organism. Except for cells, in ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.