Functional Role of the Fast Transient Outward K Current IA in
... and maintained in vitro. Large, pyramidal-shaped neurons were selected for recordings (Desai et al., 1999), and whole-cell depolarization-activated outward K ⫹ currents were recorded in the presence of 1 M TTX and 0.1 mM CdCl2 to block voltagegated Na ⫹ and Ca 2⫹ currents, respectively. Representat ...
... and maintained in vitro. Large, pyramidal-shaped neurons were selected for recordings (Desai et al., 1999), and whole-cell depolarization-activated outward K ⫹ currents were recorded in the presence of 1 M TTX and 0.1 mM CdCl2 to block voltagegated Na ⫹ and Ca 2⫹ currents, respectively. Representat ...
Paradigm Shifts In Neural Induction - Works
... Even Saxén, Toivonen, and Nakamura (3), three of the few researchers whose laboratories continued to investigate primary embryonic induction during the 1970s, lamented : « Why do the scientists investigating embryonic induction lag behind their brilliant colleagues in many other areas of biology in ...
... Even Saxén, Toivonen, and Nakamura (3), three of the few researchers whose laboratories continued to investigate primary embryonic induction during the 1970s, lamented : « Why do the scientists investigating embryonic induction lag behind their brilliant colleagues in many other areas of biology in ...
Regulation of erythropoiesis
... production of EPO under hypoxia condition by osteoblasts in bone marrow microenvironment is sufficient to drive erythropoiesis; Small molecules that inhibit PHD could pharmacologically activate HIF pathway and rescue anemia (in trial). In patients with renal failure, in addition to hepatocytes, os ...
... production of EPO under hypoxia condition by osteoblasts in bone marrow microenvironment is sufficient to drive erythropoiesis; Small molecules that inhibit PHD could pharmacologically activate HIF pathway and rescue anemia (in trial). In patients with renal failure, in addition to hepatocytes, os ...
Macrophages but Not MyD88, in Bacteria
... antiapoptotic signaling pathways. Pathogenic Yersinia spp. uncouple the balance of life and death signals in infected macrophages, which compels the macrophage to undergo apoptosis. The initiation of apoptosis by Yersinia infection specifically involves TLR4 signaling, although Yersinia can activate ...
... antiapoptotic signaling pathways. Pathogenic Yersinia spp. uncouple the balance of life and death signals in infected macrophages, which compels the macrophage to undergo apoptosis. The initiation of apoptosis by Yersinia infection specifically involves TLR4 signaling, although Yersinia can activate ...
Pathogenesis of respiratory infections caused by Mycoplasma dispar
... from peripheral to central airways (Breeze and Wheeldon, 1977; Sleigh et al., 1988). On the apical surface of each cell there were up to 250 cilia of 6 |im of length and 0.2-0.3 ^m in diameter, which were anchored to basal bodies located in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells (Phipps,1981 ; Sleigh ...
... from peripheral to central airways (Breeze and Wheeldon, 1977; Sleigh et al., 1988). On the apical surface of each cell there were up to 250 cilia of 6 |im of length and 0.2-0.3 ^m in diameter, which were anchored to basal bodies located in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells (Phipps,1981 ; Sleigh ...
NADPH oxidases as electrochemical generators to produce ion
... six transmembrane a-helices. EF—Ca2þ-binding EF-hand motif. PRR—proline-rich region, Src homology-3 domain. DUOX1 and DUOX2 were called dual oxidases because they have an additional ‘peroxidase’-like motif at their N-terminus on the outer surface of the membrane [27]. The product of the DUOXs is H2O ...
... six transmembrane a-helices. EF—Ca2þ-binding EF-hand motif. PRR—proline-rich region, Src homology-3 domain. DUOX1 and DUOX2 were called dual oxidases because they have an additional ‘peroxidase’-like motif at their N-terminus on the outer surface of the membrane [27]. The product of the DUOXs is H2O ...
Biochemistry of Fruits and Vegetables
... or with machinery. This ruptures cells, increases respiration, causes ...
... or with machinery. This ruptures cells, increases respiration, causes ...
Distinct cathepsins control necrotic cell death
... Downloaded by [Yeshiva University Libraries - Cardozo - Einstein - YU] at 17:53 15 September 2015 ...
... Downloaded by [Yeshiva University Libraries - Cardozo - Einstein - YU] at 17:53 15 September 2015 ...
Characterization of a Novel Chemokine
... To characterize the GRO␣- and MCP-1-containing granules in more detail, we performed paired immunostaining and confocal analysis, finding that the two chemokines colocalized in the Golgi and in the majority of granules (Fig. 1A). Next, we analyzed the ultrastructure of these granules by means of imm ...
... To characterize the GRO␣- and MCP-1-containing granules in more detail, we performed paired immunostaining and confocal analysis, finding that the two chemokines colocalized in the Golgi and in the majority of granules (Fig. 1A). Next, we analyzed the ultrastructure of these granules by means of imm ...
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1
... cells were maintained in growth medium plus 2 mM thymidine for 24 h and then rinsed and maintained in growth medium for 14 h. Cells were maintained in thymidine for an additional 20 h before final release. After release, cells were assayed for mitotic index by tallying the number of cells displaying ...
... cells were maintained in growth medium plus 2 mM thymidine for 24 h and then rinsed and maintained in growth medium for 14 h. Cells were maintained in thymidine for an additional 20 h before final release. After release, cells were assayed for mitotic index by tallying the number of cells displaying ...
Conjugated linoleic acid decreases production
... Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a dietary fatty acid that has received considerable attention due to its unique properties in rodent models including anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic and anti-diabetic effects. The effects of CLA are similar to those seen with ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activ ...
... Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a dietary fatty acid that has received considerable attention due to its unique properties in rodent models including anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic and anti-diabetic effects. The effects of CLA are similar to those seen with ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activ ...
Effects of Human Ageing on Periodontal Tissues
... fibroblasts in vitro. The collagen production decreased more than 5-fold as a function of increasing donor age 15. Old fibroblasts also presented an increased rate of collagen intracellular phagocytosis, which can affect the balance between synthesis and degradation of collagen in the connective tis ...
... fibroblasts in vitro. The collagen production decreased more than 5-fold as a function of increasing donor age 15. Old fibroblasts also presented an increased rate of collagen intracellular phagocytosis, which can affect the balance between synthesis and degradation of collagen in the connective tis ...
Craniofacial Development and the Evolution of the Vertebrates: the
... and regionalized only into pseudosegmental ‘regions’ that develop into the mandibular (mc), hyoid (hyc), and premandibular (pmc) cavities (or mesoderm), by the presence of other embryonic elements such as the pharyngeal pouches (gill slits) and otocyst (ot). Of the head mesodermal regions, the prema ...
... and regionalized only into pseudosegmental ‘regions’ that develop into the mandibular (mc), hyoid (hyc), and premandibular (pmc) cavities (or mesoderm), by the presence of other embryonic elements such as the pharyngeal pouches (gill slits) and otocyst (ot). Of the head mesodermal regions, the prema ...
High Peak SAR Exposure Unit With Tight Exposure and
... following conclusions can be drawn with respect to the formulated requirements, which are: 1) the RF chamber in -polarization cannot fulfill the requirements for SAR uniformity, SAR efficiency, and small size to fit inside an incubator. 2) The RTL setup provides good performance for studies with lar ...
... following conclusions can be drawn with respect to the formulated requirements, which are: 1) the RF chamber in -polarization cannot fulfill the requirements for SAR uniformity, SAR efficiency, and small size to fit inside an incubator. 2) The RTL setup provides good performance for studies with lar ...
Regulation of cdk2 Activity in Endothelial Cells That Are Inhibited
... expressed in proliferating ECs. p27 protein was detected in immunoprecipitable complexes with cdk2 or cyclin E in cultures that were contact-inhibited for growth. The functional significance of the p27 induction was indicated by the detection of a heat-stable cdk2 inhibitory activity that was induce ...
... expressed in proliferating ECs. p27 protein was detected in immunoprecipitable complexes with cdk2 or cyclin E in cultures that were contact-inhibited for growth. The functional significance of the p27 induction was indicated by the detection of a heat-stable cdk2 inhibitory activity that was induce ...
Retinoic acid and chick limb bud development
... The nuclear receptors provide the molecular mechanism by which retinoic acid can control gene expression. Possible candidates for genes regulated by retinoic acid are homeobox genes. In teratocarcinoma cells, changes in expression of such genes can occur rapidly following retinoid treatment (La Rosa ...
... The nuclear receptors provide the molecular mechanism by which retinoic acid can control gene expression. Possible candidates for genes regulated by retinoic acid are homeobox genes. In teratocarcinoma cells, changes in expression of such genes can occur rapidly following retinoid treatment (La Rosa ...
Spatial and temporal regulation of DNA
... degraded into sugars and other small molecules which can be readily taken up by the embryo. In this way, both scutellum and aleurone provide the machinery to obtain the required nutrients for the embryo. This process is controlled in time in such a way that the young plant can reach the stage of sel ...
... degraded into sugars and other small molecules which can be readily taken up by the embryo. In this way, both scutellum and aleurone provide the machinery to obtain the required nutrients for the embryo. This process is controlled in time in such a way that the young plant can reach the stage of sel ...
The control of vessel size and density along the
... The present findings confirm our general hypothesis that auxin controls size and density of vessels along the plant axis. The results show that a substantial gradient in vessel size is induced by the hormonal signal from the site of its application toward the roots, manifested by a transition from n ...
... The present findings confirm our general hypothesis that auxin controls size and density of vessels along the plant axis. The results show that a substantial gradient in vessel size is induced by the hormonal signal from the site of its application toward the roots, manifested by a transition from n ...
PDF - Bentham Open
... required for future human use. Therefore, more highly soluble derivatives of the MANS peptide were tested for their ability to inhibit mucus hypersecretion and airway obstruction. The effects of one such peptide, BIO-11006, are reported here. BIO-11006 Inhalation Solution is an investigational new d ...
... required for future human use. Therefore, more highly soluble derivatives of the MANS peptide were tested for their ability to inhibit mucus hypersecretion and airway obstruction. The effects of one such peptide, BIO-11006, are reported here. BIO-11006 Inhalation Solution is an investigational new d ...
Leaf growth in grasses is determined by the cell division and
... leaf base, with a further, albeit slower decline up to 30 mm above the leaf base (Figure 5), implying that the cell division zone must be restricted to the initial 5 mm above the leaf base for both treatments. The cell division rate at the leaf base was about 8 and 5 cells mm-1 h-1 for the control ...
... leaf base, with a further, albeit slower decline up to 30 mm above the leaf base (Figure 5), implying that the cell division zone must be restricted to the initial 5 mm above the leaf base for both treatments. The cell division rate at the leaf base was about 8 and 5 cells mm-1 h-1 for the control ...
Debeer S et al, 2013
... human skin Background. Porcine skin is increasingly being employed as a model of human skin in various research fields, including pharmacology, toxicology and immunology, with particular interest in percutaneous permeation and organ transplantation. Porcine skin shows several anatomical and physiolo ...
... human skin Background. Porcine skin is increasingly being employed as a model of human skin in various research fields, including pharmacology, toxicology and immunology, with particular interest in percutaneous permeation and organ transplantation. Porcine skin shows several anatomical and physiolo ...
VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES ELICIT ENHANCED IMMUNITY TO
... Harmsen who not only tirelessly counted my cells, but who also microdissected iBALT with me, all the while managing to provide excellent conversation. I would also like to specifically thank Dr. Agnieszka Rynda-Apple. She advised my very first rotation project with great patience and has been an ama ...
... Harmsen who not only tirelessly counted my cells, but who also microdissected iBALT with me, all the while managing to provide excellent conversation. I would also like to specifically thank Dr. Agnieszka Rynda-Apple. She advised my very first rotation project with great patience and has been an ama ...
Why don`t wounds heal?
... amputation. Indeed, there are over 100 known physiologic factors that contribute to wound healing deficiency in diabetic patients[11]. Patients undergoing treatments or taking certain medication for other conditions, such as radiotherapy, may also be at risk of delayed wound healing. In the case of ...
... amputation. Indeed, there are over 100 known physiologic factors that contribute to wound healing deficiency in diabetic patients[11]. Patients undergoing treatments or taking certain medication for other conditions, such as radiotherapy, may also be at risk of delayed wound healing. In the case of ...
Morphine: CYP2D6 Modulation Human White Blood Cells Synthesize
... he immune-regulatory effects of opioid chemical messengers are well established (1, 2). Exogenously administered opiates are immunosuppressive, inhibiting both cellular and humoral responses via their cytokine-like effects in both the CNS and the periphery (2). In vitro exposure of human monocytes a ...
... he immune-regulatory effects of opioid chemical messengers are well established (1, 2). Exogenously administered opiates are immunosuppressive, inhibiting both cellular and humoral responses via their cytokine-like effects in both the CNS and the periphery (2). In vitro exposure of human monocytes a ...
biofilms as complex differentiated communities
... Biofilm formation can occur by at least three mechanisms. One is by the redistribution of attached cells by surface motility (12, 30). Results from O’Toole & Kolter (45) on studies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants suggest that type IV pili-mediated twitching motility plays a role in surface aggrega ...
... Biofilm formation can occur by at least three mechanisms. One is by the redistribution of attached cells by surface motility (12, 30). Results from O’Toole & Kolter (45) on studies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants suggest that type IV pili-mediated twitching motility plays a role in surface aggrega ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.