Convergence and Extension Movements During Vertebrate
... of underlying molecular mechanisms. Indeed, numerous pathways and molecules have been shown either to control the directionality of cell movements or to regulate the distinct cell movement behaviors within the different C&E domains (Fig. 7.3 and Table 7.1), and this list is likely to grow. ...
... of underlying molecular mechanisms. Indeed, numerous pathways and molecules have been shown either to control the directionality of cell movements or to regulate the distinct cell movement behaviors within the different C&E domains (Fig. 7.3 and Table 7.1), and this list is likely to grow. ...
SNARE complexes of different composition jointly
... cortical division site, followed by its maturation into a stretch of plasma membrane separating the daughter cells (Jürgens, 2005). Membrane fusion is mediated by the interaction of soluble Nethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment receptor (SNARE) proteins through their highly conserved SNARE dom ...
... cortical division site, followed by its maturation into a stretch of plasma membrane separating the daughter cells (Jürgens, 2005). Membrane fusion is mediated by the interaction of soluble Nethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment receptor (SNARE) proteins through their highly conserved SNARE dom ...
Imaging neural crest cell dynamics during formation
... in the trunk region. A very useful trunk explant technique designed to image the early sorting of trunk neural crest cells into streams (Krull et al., 1995) is insufficient for imaging later events, due to complications with tissue thickness and the beating of the developing heart. Several groups ha ...
... in the trunk region. A very useful trunk explant technique designed to image the early sorting of trunk neural crest cells into streams (Krull et al., 1995) is insufficient for imaging later events, due to complications with tissue thickness and the beating of the developing heart. Several groups ha ...
Imaging neural crest cell dynamics during formation
... in the trunk region. A very useful trunk explant technique designed to image the early sorting of trunk neural crest cells into streams (Krull et al., 1995) is insufficient for imaging later events, due to complications with tissue thickness and the beating of the developing heart. Several groups ha ...
... in the trunk region. A very useful trunk explant technique designed to image the early sorting of trunk neural crest cells into streams (Krull et al., 1995) is insufficient for imaging later events, due to complications with tissue thickness and the beating of the developing heart. Several groups ha ...
Activating the DNA damage checkpoint in a developmental context
... (MZT; similar to the mid-blastula transition (MBT) of vertebrates; [6,8]!. Post-blastoderm division cycles 14–16, which take place after MZT, include a G2 period [6]. In addition to a change in the regulation of mitosis, cell divisions after MZT occur according to a strict spatial and temporal progr ...
... (MZT; similar to the mid-blastula transition (MBT) of vertebrates; [6,8]!. Post-blastoderm division cycles 14–16, which take place after MZT, include a G2 period [6]. In addition to a change in the regulation of mitosis, cell divisions after MZT occur according to a strict spatial and temporal progr ...
"Unusual" modifications and variations of
... PNGaseF from bovine lung, a rich source of endothelium (Norgard-Sumnicht et al., 1995). We found that sialic acids, sulfates and phosphates account only for a minority of the anionic properties of these multi-antennary complex-type chains. The majority of the negative charge appears to be due to mul ...
... PNGaseF from bovine lung, a rich source of endothelium (Norgard-Sumnicht et al., 1995). We found that sialic acids, sulfates and phosphates account only for a minority of the anionic properties of these multi-antennary complex-type chains. The majority of the negative charge appears to be due to mul ...
An antagonist of integrin αvβ3 prevents maturation of blood vessels
... fusion of vessels. Evidence is provided that integrin αvβ3 is highly expressed on angioblasts prior to and during vessel formation. Moreover, the adhesive protein, vitronectin, the major ligand for αvβ3, was associated with the basal surface of these cells. Most important, a direct role for αvβ3 in ...
... fusion of vessels. Evidence is provided that integrin αvβ3 is highly expressed on angioblasts prior to and during vessel formation. Moreover, the adhesive protein, vitronectin, the major ligand for αvβ3, was associated with the basal surface of these cells. Most important, a direct role for αvβ3 in ...
The Living World - Chapter 4 - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... The process is highly specific and very fast Fig. 4.31 ...
... The process is highly specific and very fast Fig. 4.31 ...
Cellular lipidomics
... occurring inside the Golgi, the compositional differences between the apical and basolateral plasma membrane had to be caused by specificity in transport. Indeed, newly synthesized fluorescent GlcCer and SM were sorted from each other before reaching the cell surface. Their apical/ basolateral ratios ...
... occurring inside the Golgi, the compositional differences between the apical and basolateral plasma membrane had to be caused by specificity in transport. Indeed, newly synthesized fluorescent GlcCer and SM were sorted from each other before reaching the cell surface. Their apical/ basolateral ratios ...
Plastid and Stromule Morphogenesis in Tomato
... stromules that show architectural features such as bifurcation (Fig. 2B) or fusing of stromules to each other or the host plastid body (Fig. 2C) suggesting that such structures could surround adjacent unseen organelles. A more commonly observed type of morphology in tomato trichomes is that of a hig ...
... stromules that show architectural features such as bifurcation (Fig. 2B) or fusing of stromules to each other or the host plastid body (Fig. 2C) suggesting that such structures could surround adjacent unseen organelles. A more commonly observed type of morphology in tomato trichomes is that of a hig ...
Programmed cell death in C. elegans: the genetic framework
... right times has been intensively investigated. The ced-3 gene appears to be expressed in most, if not all, cells in C. elegans, since mutations in ced-3 can block the ectopic deaths of many cells from different cell types caused by ced-9(lf) mutations (22). This observation argues that ced-3 is expr ...
... right times has been intensively investigated. The ced-3 gene appears to be expressed in most, if not all, cells in C. elegans, since mutations in ced-3 can block the ectopic deaths of many cells from different cell types caused by ced-9(lf) mutations (22). This observation argues that ced-3 is expr ...
Dynamical patterning modules in plant development and evolution
... that correspond to particular structures and cell types (Niklas and Kutschera, 2012). Another key feature of plant development is also closely related to the non-migrating nature of plant cells and to the dynamics of spatially dependent differentiation. In the case of animal development, it is relat ...
... that correspond to particular structures and cell types (Niklas and Kutschera, 2012). Another key feature of plant development is also closely related to the non-migrating nature of plant cells and to the dynamics of spatially dependent differentiation. In the case of animal development, it is relat ...
The chromatin-remodeling enzyme BRG1 plays an essential role in
... complexes comprise one major family of ATP-dependent chromatin-modifying factors. These large, multi-protein complexes use one of two different ATPases as their catalytic subunit: brahma (BRM, also known as SMARCA2) and brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1, also known as SMARCA4). The significance of SWI/SNF ...
... complexes comprise one major family of ATP-dependent chromatin-modifying factors. These large, multi-protein complexes use one of two different ATPases as their catalytic subunit: brahma (BRM, also known as SMARCA2) and brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1, also known as SMARCA4). The significance of SWI/SNF ...
PDF - Nanotheranostics
... cytotoxicity effects.2 Since transfecting mRNA has been attracting major interest for therapeutic purposes, there is a need to develop delivery systems, which possess high transfection efficiency and have no cytotoxic effects. Here, we present a novel, non-toxic and effective approach for the transf ...
... cytotoxicity effects.2 Since transfecting mRNA has been attracting major interest for therapeutic purposes, there is a need to develop delivery systems, which possess high transfection efficiency and have no cytotoxic effects. Here, we present a novel, non-toxic and effective approach for the transf ...
Cellulose orientation determines mechanical anisotropy in onion
... layers across the wall thickness (Baskin et al., 1999). Also this alga, to our knowledge, is not considered as ancestral to higher plants, and there is no reliable information on its wall architecture. Searching for appropriate seed plant models to study the relationship between microfibril orientat ...
... layers across the wall thickness (Baskin et al., 1999). Also this alga, to our knowledge, is not considered as ancestral to higher plants, and there is no reliable information on its wall architecture. Searching for appropriate seed plant models to study the relationship between microfibril orientat ...
Stamen Structure and Function
... 1998; Amagai et al., 2003; Zik and Irish, 2003). Some of these studies have manipulated B and/or C class genes themselves to help identify their targets; these experiments are discussed in more detail below. Proteomics analysis also has been used to compare and identify proteins extracted from rice ...
... 1998; Amagai et al., 2003; Zik and Irish, 2003). Some of these studies have manipulated B and/or C class genes themselves to help identify their targets; these experiments are discussed in more detail below. Proteomics analysis also has been used to compare and identify proteins extracted from rice ...
University of Groningen How to get (a)round Pinho, Mariana
... Here, we discuss the recent developments that have enhanced our understanding of cell wall synthesis, chromosome segregation, division site selection and cytokinesis in cocci. The term cocci refers to roundshaped, spherical cells as well as to ovoid or rugbyball-shaped cells, which are more commonl ...
... Here, we discuss the recent developments that have enhanced our understanding of cell wall synthesis, chromosome segregation, division site selection and cytokinesis in cocci. The term cocci refers to roundshaped, spherical cells as well as to ovoid or rugbyball-shaped cells, which are more commonl ...
Cell shape changes indicate a role for extrinsic tensile forces in
... defined by a central cell surrounded by a corona of neighbouring cells were followed over 2-min windows12. We quantified how fast each of these domains changed dimensions along the AP and the DV axes of the embryo (‘total’ strain rates). Next we quantified the average rates of shape change for cells ...
... defined by a central cell surrounded by a corona of neighbouring cells were followed over 2-min windows12. We quantified how fast each of these domains changed dimensions along the AP and the DV axes of the embryo (‘total’ strain rates). Next we quantified the average rates of shape change for cells ...
Molecular organization of the cell wall of Candida albicans
... protein that specically recognizes the N-terminal domain of type IV collagen [55]. Furthermore, fucosespecic adhesins have been identi ed on germ tubes [56]. Interestingly, a large family of GPI-CWPs, designated the ALS (agglutinin-like sequence) family, has been identied that all have a similar ...
... protein that specically recognizes the N-terminal domain of type IV collagen [55]. Furthermore, fucosespecic adhesins have been identi ed on germ tubes [56]. Interestingly, a large family of GPI-CWPs, designated the ALS (agglutinin-like sequence) family, has been identied that all have a similar ...
Stamen Structure and Function
... 1998; Amagai et al., 2003; Zik and Irish, 2003). Some of these studies have manipulated B and/or C class genes themselves to help identify their targets; these experiments are discussed in more detail below. Proteomics analysis also has been used to compare and identify proteins extracted from rice ...
... 1998; Amagai et al., 2003; Zik and Irish, 2003). Some of these studies have manipulated B and/or C class genes themselves to help identify their targets; these experiments are discussed in more detail below. Proteomics analysis also has been used to compare and identify proteins extracted from rice ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.