Non-neoplastic globe pathology non-neoplastic globe
... apoptosis has been linked to hyperglycemia and retinal pericyte death hyperglycemic states deplete intracellular glutathione (defense against peroxidation) hyperglycemic environments trigger upregulation of bax (apoptosis activator) and downregulation of bcl-2 (apoptosis inhibitor) eventually causin ...
... apoptosis has been linked to hyperglycemia and retinal pericyte death hyperglycemic states deplete intracellular glutathione (defense against peroxidation) hyperglycemic environments trigger upregulation of bax (apoptosis activator) and downregulation of bcl-2 (apoptosis inhibitor) eventually causin ...
stem
... The stem is more complex than root: Presence of nodes and internodes; Terminal bud produces leaves, flowers and axillary buds giving branches (root apex does not produce lateral organs). The stem functions as support and conducting; sometimes also as storage and photosynthetic organ. Leaves ar ...
... The stem is more complex than root: Presence of nodes and internodes; Terminal bud produces leaves, flowers and axillary buds giving branches (root apex does not produce lateral organs). The stem functions as support and conducting; sometimes also as storage and photosynthetic organ. Leaves ar ...
characterization of adult and embryonic stem cell proliferation
... stem cell is. A variety of definitions have been proposed, but a common set of terms and properties emerged that serves as a starting point. By focusing on embryonic stem cells and neural stem cells we compared and contrast the two most common “types” of stem cells: embryonic and adult stem cells. T ...
... stem cell is. A variety of definitions have been proposed, but a common set of terms and properties emerged that serves as a starting point. By focusing on embryonic stem cells and neural stem cells we compared and contrast the two most common “types” of stem cells: embryonic and adult stem cells. T ...
Cancer stem cell definitions and terminology: the devil is - e
... hierarchies have thus been powerful tools that enable direct analyses of changes that accompany, or that are even part of, the normal differentiation process. However, as yet, in no instance has a profile been identified that can reliably replace functional assays for normal stem cells. It should al ...
... hierarchies have thus been powerful tools that enable direct analyses of changes that accompany, or that are even part of, the normal differentiation process. However, as yet, in no instance has a profile been identified that can reliably replace functional assays for normal stem cells. It should al ...
Programmed Changes in Form during Moss Development
... the natural calcium increase inhibits bud formation. No buds formed when calcium was removed from the medium or when its movement into the cell was blocked by lanthanum. This inhibition could be reversed by adding calcium or by washing out the lanthanum and adding cytokinin. However, it is not clear ...
... the natural calcium increase inhibits bud formation. No buds formed when calcium was removed from the medium or when its movement into the cell was blocked by lanthanum. This inhibition could be reversed by adding calcium or by washing out the lanthanum and adding cytokinin. However, it is not clear ...
Yantar, a conserved arginine-rich protein is involved in Drosophila
... yantar (ytr), polka dots (pkdt), and splotchy (splo). Hemocytes from these mutants were visualized after immunostaining using two hemocyte-specific monoclonal antibodies, MAb H2 and L1. MAb H2 recognizes the hemese antigen present in all Drosophila hemocytes, whereas MAb L1 is specific for lamellocy ...
... yantar (ytr), polka dots (pkdt), and splotchy (splo). Hemocytes from these mutants were visualized after immunostaining using two hemocyte-specific monoclonal antibodies, MAb H2 and L1. MAb H2 recognizes the hemese antigen present in all Drosophila hemocytes, whereas MAb L1 is specific for lamellocy ...
Endosymbiosis, a Proven Theory or Evolution Myth?
... In addition to the factors that attempt to prove this theory correct, there are also some elements that lie against the Endosymbiotic theory. For example, the mitochondria and chloroplast both as separate organelles only code for a few proteins. In addition, most of the proteins that are found withi ...
... In addition to the factors that attempt to prove this theory correct, there are also some elements that lie against the Endosymbiotic theory. For example, the mitochondria and chloroplast both as separate organelles only code for a few proteins. In addition, most of the proteins that are found withi ...
The roles of two C. elegans HOX co-factor orthologs
... however, we addressed this by extensive lineage analysis and other methods (see Fig. S1 in the supplementary material). If the cell(s) of interest migrated near a Vn.a cell that had divided, the ‘Vn.a position’ was defined as the distance bounded by a dorsoventral line through the center of the Vn.a ...
... however, we addressed this by extensive lineage analysis and other methods (see Fig. S1 in the supplementary material). If the cell(s) of interest migrated near a Vn.a cell that had divided, the ‘Vn.a position’ was defined as the distance bounded by a dorsoventral line through the center of the Vn.a ...
The Proteome of Native Adult Müller Glial Cells From Murine
... huge sets of data. These techniques include proteomic methods such as mass spectrometry with ever-increasing sensitivity to analyze protein expression, translating gene expression into the effector level. Combined with a cell fractionation sample preparation approach, information about subcellular l ...
... huge sets of data. These techniques include proteomic methods such as mass spectrometry with ever-increasing sensitivity to analyze protein expression, translating gene expression into the effector level. Combined with a cell fractionation sample preparation approach, information about subcellular l ...
Question paper - Unit F222/01 - Growth, development and
... (g) In the case study, you were told that soy food is a good source of essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Describe the importance of essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in maintaining the healthy growth of new tissue. essential amino acids ...................... ...
... (g) In the case study, you were told that soy food is a good source of essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Describe the importance of essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in maintaining the healthy growth of new tissue. essential amino acids ...................... ...
The grass leaf developmental gradient as a
... providing a basis for further genetic/genomic analysis of suberin biosynthesis and its regulation. The apparent similarity of the suberin-surrounded leaf BS and root endodermis is striking and suggests that these features may have common regulatory and biochemical origins. The PD of C4 leaves appear ...
... providing a basis for further genetic/genomic analysis of suberin biosynthesis and its regulation. The apparent similarity of the suberin-surrounded leaf BS and root endodermis is striking and suggests that these features may have common regulatory and biochemical origins. The PD of C4 leaves appear ...
Chlamydia
... large amounts of lipid. The DNA occurs as an irregular mass in the cytoplasm. There is no nuclear membrane. Ribosomes can be seen throughout the cytoplasm. The cells contain no capsule or flagella. ...
... large amounts of lipid. The DNA occurs as an irregular mass in the cytoplasm. There is no nuclear membrane. Ribosomes can be seen throughout the cytoplasm. The cells contain no capsule or flagella. ...
Cells Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes Life - Eukaryotes
... not all bacteria are dangerous or disease causing (MH - the adult human in addition bacteria to the skin surface and lining of the respiratory/digestive tract, also has intestines contains trillions of bacteria made up from hundreds of species and thousands of subspecies) biochemically diverse simpl ...
... not all bacteria are dangerous or disease causing (MH - the adult human in addition bacteria to the skin surface and lining of the respiratory/digestive tract, also has intestines contains trillions of bacteria made up from hundreds of species and thousands of subspecies) biochemically diverse simpl ...
Identification of Motile Sperm Domain–Containing Protein 2 as
... monocyte migration in vitro. This protein was found to be expressed on the cytoplasmic membrane of human monocytes. Silencing or neutralizing MOSPD2 in monocytes restricted their migration when induced by different chemokines. Mechanistically, silencing MOSPD2 inhibited signaling events following ch ...
... monocyte migration in vitro. This protein was found to be expressed on the cytoplasmic membrane of human monocytes. Silencing or neutralizing MOSPD2 in monocytes restricted their migration when induced by different chemokines. Mechanistically, silencing MOSPD2 inhibited signaling events following ch ...
mutant alleles of polymitotic that disrupt the cell cycle
... cell divisions are observed in late stages of meiosis II (Fig. 2A and B). In Fig. 2A, two of the tetrads have not yet completed cytokinesis, while the other two have entered the equivalent of a post-tetrad interphase. The interphase nuclear morphology is abnormal in these cells. The chromatin is mor ...
... cell divisions are observed in late stages of meiosis II (Fig. 2A and B). In Fig. 2A, two of the tetrads have not yet completed cytokinesis, while the other two have entered the equivalent of a post-tetrad interphase. The interphase nuclear morphology is abnormal in these cells. The chromatin is mor ...
Drosophila asymmetric division, polarity and cancer - e
... massive growth of the brain in mutant third-instar larvae (Gateff, 1978). However, most mutant alleles of TS genes cause early lethality, and homozygous individuals do not reach such a late stage. In these cases, TS activity is detected by the overgrowth of clones of mutant cells induced in heterozy ...
... massive growth of the brain in mutant third-instar larvae (Gateff, 1978). However, most mutant alleles of TS genes cause early lethality, and homozygous individuals do not reach such a late stage. In these cases, TS activity is detected by the overgrowth of clones of mutant cells induced in heterozy ...
PCTPC201500400LSBR1_pap_plantcell 1..16
... and S/M. The Chlamydomonas cell cycle is synchronized by light-dark cycles, so in principle, these transcriptional changes could be directly responsive to light or to metabolic cues. Alternatively, cell-cycle-periodic transcription may be directly regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases. To distinguis ...
... and S/M. The Chlamydomonas cell cycle is synchronized by light-dark cycles, so in principle, these transcriptional changes could be directly responsive to light or to metabolic cues. Alternatively, cell-cycle-periodic transcription may be directly regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases. To distinguis ...
Identification of Human Lung Cancer Stem Cell Markers
... Lung cancer, the most common cancer in humans, causes more than 1 million deaths worldwide each year. A growing body of evidence suggests that lung cancers contain a subpopulation of cancer cells responsible for the initiation, propagation, and metastasis of lung cancers. These cells are termed canc ...
... Lung cancer, the most common cancer in humans, causes more than 1 million deaths worldwide each year. A growing body of evidence suggests that lung cancers contain a subpopulation of cancer cells responsible for the initiation, propagation, and metastasis of lung cancers. These cells are termed canc ...
Expression of the chicken GATA factor family during
... Engel, unpublished observations). In this study, we show first that multiple GATA factors are expressed in human and murine erythroid cells, just as in avian erythroid cells (Yamamoto et al., 1990). Second, we find distinct quantitative changes in cGATA mRNA levels in differentiating definitive chic ...
... Engel, unpublished observations). In this study, we show first that multiple GATA factors are expressed in human and murine erythroid cells, just as in avian erythroid cells (Yamamoto et al., 1990). Second, we find distinct quantitative changes in cGATA mRNA levels in differentiating definitive chic ...
06. Euglena Notes
... chloroplasts green. Euglena also have an eyespot at the anterior end that detects light - it can be seen near the reservoir. This helps the euglena find bright areas to gather sunlight to make their food. Color the eyespot red. Euglena can also gain nutrients by absorbing them across their cell memb ...
... chloroplasts green. Euglena also have an eyespot at the anterior end that detects light - it can be seen near the reservoir. This helps the euglena find bright areas to gather sunlight to make their food. Color the eyespot red. Euglena can also gain nutrients by absorbing them across their cell memb ...
RAPID PID-TEST FOR UNLAMINATED SOLAR CELLS
... The high electric potential difference between the encapsulated solar cells and the outer module construction leads to leakage currents with the result of extensive microscopic shunting of the solar cells. Since the vulnerability of the cells to this damaging effect strongly depends on specific prod ...
... The high electric potential difference between the encapsulated solar cells and the outer module construction leads to leakage currents with the result of extensive microscopic shunting of the solar cells. Since the vulnerability of the cells to this damaging effect strongly depends on specific prod ...
PDF
... (HRO-SNA; C, D). Diagrams of predicted proteins (A, C) represent full-length or partial sequence, with black sections marking the rel-homology domain of Drosophila Dorsal and five zinc fingers of Drosophila Snail. The most identical regions are labeled with percent amino acid identity. The ends of i ...
... (HRO-SNA; C, D). Diagrams of predicted proteins (A, C) represent full-length or partial sequence, with black sections marking the rel-homology domain of Drosophila Dorsal and five zinc fingers of Drosophila Snail. The most identical regions are labeled with percent amino acid identity. The ends of i ...
(Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis
... development of cells in bone marrow. B cells in the immune system will produce B220 (surface marker) during the formation of plasma cells [11]. In addition, the increase in the relative amount of B220 cells caused by STZ mice injected into the body will cause free radical formation in the body prefo ...
... development of cells in bone marrow. B cells in the immune system will produce B220 (surface marker) during the formation of plasma cells [11]. In addition, the increase in the relative amount of B220 cells caused by STZ mice injected into the body will cause free radical formation in the body prefo ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.