Regulation of endothelial and hematopoietic development by the
... Recently, the essential role of Etv2 in endothelial and hematopoietic development has been clearly demonstrated in multiple vertebrate species. In contrast to other members of the ETS family, mouse knockouts for this gene die early in gestation and fail to develop any endothelial or hematopoietic ce ...
... Recently, the essential role of Etv2 in endothelial and hematopoietic development has been clearly demonstrated in multiple vertebrate species. In contrast to other members of the ETS family, mouse knockouts for this gene die early in gestation and fail to develop any endothelial or hematopoietic ce ...
Cook Dev Cell 2003
... medulla, with R7 cells projecting to a slightly deeper layer than R8 cells (Figure 1B). Work on eye development in the larval imaginal disc has demonstrated that PRs are recruited from equipotent epithelial cells in a stereotyped order: R8 first, then R2/R5, R3/R4, R1/R6, and finally R7 (see Kumar a ...
... medulla, with R7 cells projecting to a slightly deeper layer than R8 cells (Figure 1B). Work on eye development in the larval imaginal disc has demonstrated that PRs are recruited from equipotent epithelial cells in a stereotyped order: R8 first, then R2/R5, R3/R4, R1/R6, and finally R7 (see Kumar a ...
The leaf is the fundamental unit of the shoot system, which is
... which is composed of the leaf and stem. The diversity of plant forms is mostly attributable to variation of leaf and floral organs, which are modified leaves. Moreover, leaf shape is sensitive to environmental stimuli. The leaf is therefore the key organ for a full understanding of plant morphogenes ...
... which is composed of the leaf and stem. The diversity of plant forms is mostly attributable to variation of leaf and floral organs, which are modified leaves. Moreover, leaf shape is sensitive to environmental stimuli. The leaf is therefore the key organ for a full understanding of plant morphogenes ...
Document
... inappropriate complement activation. These include C1 inhibitor, C4 binding protein, factor H, factor I, and the cell surface proteins, which are decayaccelerating factor (DAF) and membrane cofactor protein. In addition, CD59 (protectin) prevents formation of the MAC. Most infectious agents lack ...
... inappropriate complement activation. These include C1 inhibitor, C4 binding protein, factor H, factor I, and the cell surface proteins, which are decayaccelerating factor (DAF) and membrane cofactor protein. In addition, CD59 (protectin) prevents formation of the MAC. Most infectious agents lack ...
Mechanism of Growth Arrest of Chemically
... chemically transformed hamster cells can be growth ar befter in low serum. Changingto fresh mediumwith 10% rested in medium with 10% serum and that the cells can be serum caused the quiescent nontransformedand trans stimulated to undergo a waveof DNAsynthesis beginning 6 formed cells to undergo a wa ...
... chemically transformed hamster cells can be growth ar befter in low serum. Changingto fresh mediumwith 10% rested in medium with 10% serum and that the cells can be serum caused the quiescent nontransformedand trans stimulated to undergo a waveof DNAsynthesis beginning 6 formed cells to undergo a wa ...
Choose your fate: artery, vein or lymphatic vessel?
... proliferation of Prox1-positive lymphatic endothelial cells from the cardinal veins [43"]. In the absence of VEGF-C, lymphatic development is arrested, although Prox1 expression is still initiated in cardinal vein endothelial cells [43"]. These studies confirm Sabin’s hypothesis that lymphatic vesse ...
... proliferation of Prox1-positive lymphatic endothelial cells from the cardinal veins [43"]. In the absence of VEGF-C, lymphatic development is arrested, although Prox1 expression is still initiated in cardinal vein endothelial cells [43"]. These studies confirm Sabin’s hypothesis that lymphatic vesse ...
tetraploidy checkpoint - The Journal of Cell Biology
... chambers within 30 min of drug removal for continuous observation by time-lapse video microscopy of individual cells to determine what proportion of the mononucleate and binucleate cells entered mitosis. We found that 81.8% of mononucleate cells and 41.3% of binucleate cells incorporated BrdU (Table ...
... chambers within 30 min of drug removal for continuous observation by time-lapse video microscopy of individual cells to determine what proportion of the mononucleate and binucleate cells entered mitosis. We found that 81.8% of mononucleate cells and 41.3% of binucleate cells incorporated BrdU (Table ...
Microbial Discovery Activity
... in class. Students themselves can also try to design scenarios for other groups to solve. The activity can be further expanded and modified to focus on the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (e.g. include many more organelles for them to distinguish between), fungi (e.g. different m ...
... in class. Students themselves can also try to design scenarios for other groups to solve. The activity can be further expanded and modified to focus on the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (e.g. include many more organelles for them to distinguish between), fungi (e.g. different m ...
Modules04-15to04-21
... polymerizes in a helical fashion . These form the cytoskeleton a three-dimensional network inside an eukaryotic cell. Actin filaments provide mechanical support for the cell, determine the cell shape, enable cell movements (through lamellipodia, filopodia, or pseudopodia); and participate in certain ...
... polymerizes in a helical fashion . These form the cytoskeleton a three-dimensional network inside an eukaryotic cell. Actin filaments provide mechanical support for the cell, determine the cell shape, enable cell movements (through lamellipodia, filopodia, or pseudopodia); and participate in certain ...
Reciprocal signaling between Drosophila epidermal muscle
... initial determination of mesodermal fate (Leptin, 1991). The different somatic muscles comprise an array of 30 different types of myotubes which develop, through the second half of embryonic development, in close proximity to the basal surfaces of the epidermis (Bate, 1990). The identity of each of ...
... initial determination of mesodermal fate (Leptin, 1991). The different somatic muscles comprise an array of 30 different types of myotubes which develop, through the second half of embryonic development, in close proximity to the basal surfaces of the epidermis (Bate, 1990). The identity of each of ...
A. Wu, D. Liao, T. Tlsty, J.C. Sturm, R.H. Austin, "Game theory in the death galaxy: interaction of cancer and stromal cells in tumour microenvironment", Interface Focus 4, 20140028 (JUN 2014).
... Preventing relapse is the major challenge to effective therapy in cancer. Within the tumour, stromal (ST) cells play an important role in cancer progression and the emergence of drug resistance. During cancer treatment, the fitness of cancer cells can be enhanced by ST cells because their molecular ...
... Preventing relapse is the major challenge to effective therapy in cancer. Within the tumour, stromal (ST) cells play an important role in cancer progression and the emergence of drug resistance. During cancer treatment, the fitness of cancer cells can be enhanced by ST cells because their molecular ...
Chapter 3 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
... – How well the entire organism functions depends on individual and combined activities of all of its cells – Structure and function are complementary • Biochemical functions of cells are dictated by shape of cell and specific subcellular structures ...
... – How well the entire organism functions depends on individual and combined activities of all of its cells – Structure and function are complementary • Biochemical functions of cells are dictated by shape of cell and specific subcellular structures ...
Flamingo regulates epiboly and convergence/extension movements
... transmembrane domain, reminiscent of members of the G-proteincoupled receptor (GPCR) family, and, indeed, purified cadherinrepeats of Celsr can induce Ca2+ influx through the GPCR domain, suggesting Fmi/Celsr has a potential signalling function (Shima et al., 2007). However, it is unknown how Fmi/Ce ...
... transmembrane domain, reminiscent of members of the G-proteincoupled receptor (GPCR) family, and, indeed, purified cadherinrepeats of Celsr can induce Ca2+ influx through the GPCR domain, suggesting Fmi/Celsr has a potential signalling function (Shima et al., 2007). However, it is unknown how Fmi/Ce ...
Single-Cell Transcription Site Activation Predicts Chemotherapy Response in Human Colorectal Tumors
... More recently, unbiased approaches that use gene expression profiling have characterized response to drugs and prognosis. With regard to colorectal cancer, heterogeneous responses to 5-FU (12), camptothecin (12), and oxaliplatin (13) were identified in a panel of 30 cell lines, and microarray analys ...
... More recently, unbiased approaches that use gene expression profiling have characterized response to drugs and prognosis. With regard to colorectal cancer, heterogeneous responses to 5-FU (12), camptothecin (12), and oxaliplatin (13) were identified in a panel of 30 cell lines, and microarray analys ...
Characteristics of Living Things
... #3 - Living things grow and develop. - A single fertilized egg divides again and again. - As these cells divide and differentiate = they begin to look different from one another and to perform different functions. ...
... #3 - Living things grow and develop. - A single fertilized egg divides again and again. - As these cells divide and differentiate = they begin to look different from one another and to perform different functions. ...
SUPPORT AND TRANSPORT IN PLANTS
... • The xylem transports water and mineral salts from the roots to the stem and leaves. It also provides strength to the plant. • The phloem transports manufactured food from the leaves to the roots. • The vascular cambium gives rise to additional xylem and phloem as the root grows in thickness ...
... • The xylem transports water and mineral salts from the roots to the stem and leaves. It also provides strength to the plant. • The phloem transports manufactured food from the leaves to the roots. • The vascular cambium gives rise to additional xylem and phloem as the root grows in thickness ...
Programmed cell death during plant growth and development
... acid; PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase ...
... acid; PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase ...
Disruption of the long-range GPIIIa Cys5
... A number of gain-of-function GPIIIa mutations have been experimentally induced and studied in recombinant GPIIb-IIIa– transfected cells. Bajt et al demonstrated that replacement of residues 129 to 133 within the ligand-binding site of GPIIIa with the corresponding sequence from the integrin 1 subun ...
... A number of gain-of-function GPIIIa mutations have been experimentally induced and studied in recombinant GPIIb-IIIa– transfected cells. Bajt et al demonstrated that replacement of residues 129 to 133 within the ligand-binding site of GPIIIa with the corresponding sequence from the integrin 1 subun ...
Gram cell staining
... peptidoglican cell wall and no membrane on the outside of their cell wall (and contains additional substances, such as teichoic acids, polymers composed of glycerol or ribitol). Gram negative bacteria have a lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) on membrane that covers the cell wall and this membrane preve ...
... peptidoglican cell wall and no membrane on the outside of their cell wall (and contains additional substances, such as teichoic acids, polymers composed of glycerol or ribitol). Gram negative bacteria have a lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) on membrane that covers the cell wall and this membrane preve ...
III. PRIMARY PLANT BODY Bot 404—Fall 2004 A. Primary vs
... -meristematic region includes a meristem and an area of relatively rapid cell division and growth -meristem is a cell or group of cells whose principal function is to divide in an organized manner -plants have an open or indeterminate pattern of growth -functions of meristems: 1) establish patterns ...
... -meristematic region includes a meristem and an area of relatively rapid cell division and growth -meristem is a cell or group of cells whose principal function is to divide in an organized manner -plants have an open or indeterminate pattern of growth -functions of meristems: 1) establish patterns ...
Analysis of Microarray Data to Confirm Novel Subtype of Breast
... information. Being double stranded provides many benefits: the molecule is more stable against physical forces and chemical degradation, replication can occur easily and accurately with either strand as a template (due to complementary base pairing), and transcription can be carried out faster since ...
... information. Being double stranded provides many benefits: the molecule is more stable against physical forces and chemical degradation, replication can occur easily and accurately with either strand as a template (due to complementary base pairing), and transcription can be carried out faster since ...
10. Early Amphibian Development
... 1) Anteriorposterior, dorsalventral, and leftright axes are specified by events triggered at fertilization and realized during gastrulation. 2) Mesoderm is determined by transcription factors and paracrine factors from the vegetal region. 3) Of all tissues in the Xenopus pregastrula, only th ...
... 1) Anteriorposterior, dorsalventral, and leftright axes are specified by events triggered at fertilization and realized during gastrulation. 2) Mesoderm is determined by transcription factors and paracrine factors from the vegetal region. 3) Of all tissues in the Xenopus pregastrula, only th ...
Roots
... Contains numerous intercellular spaces that provide aeration to roots Substances can move through apoplast (between cells) or symplast (through plasmodesmata) Innermost layer of cortex is endodermis – Characterized by presence of Casparian strips – All materials must pass through protoplasts o ...
... Contains numerous intercellular spaces that provide aeration to roots Substances can move through apoplast (between cells) or symplast (through plasmodesmata) Innermost layer of cortex is endodermis – Characterized by presence of Casparian strips – All materials must pass through protoplasts o ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.