Introduction to the Big Bang Theory
... ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ State your hypothesis.________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Give your evidence for your hypothesis.__________ ...
... ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ State your hypothesis.________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Give your evidence for your hypothesis.__________ ...
What is the Big Bang Theory?
... into a tiny dot called Singularity. A huge explosion, referred to by astronomers as the Big Bang, sent the entire universe flying out at incredible speeds. ...
... into a tiny dot called Singularity. A huge explosion, referred to by astronomers as the Big Bang, sent the entire universe flying out at incredible speeds. ...
Abstract - Beyond Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science
... Gravitational Waves from Inflation may have been discovered, or may soon be discovered. If they are, this will push our empirical handle on the universe forward by 49 orders of magnitude, and will allow us to explore issues ranging from supersymmetry to grand unification, the quantum theory of gravi ...
... Gravitational Waves from Inflation may have been discovered, or may soon be discovered. If they are, this will push our empirical handle on the universe forward by 49 orders of magnitude, and will allow us to explore issues ranging from supersymmetry to grand unification, the quantum theory of gravi ...
Star Groups and Big Bang Power Point
... Galaxy a collection of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity Galaxies are the major building blocks of the universe. Astronomers estimate that the universe contains hundreds of billions of galaxies. A typical galaxy, such as the Milky Way, has a diameter of bout 100,000 light-years and ...
... Galaxy a collection of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity Galaxies are the major building blocks of the universe. Astronomers estimate that the universe contains hundreds of billions of galaxies. A typical galaxy, such as the Milky Way, has a diameter of bout 100,000 light-years and ...
talk29102009
... Quantum Field Theory can predict a value for this energy density We can compare this value with the value inferred from astronomical observations The latter is 120 orders of magnitude smaller than predicted by Quantum Field Theory ...
... Quantum Field Theory can predict a value for this energy density We can compare this value with the value inferred from astronomical observations The latter is 120 orders of magnitude smaller than predicted by Quantum Field Theory ...
Lecture Thirteen (Powerpoint format) - Flash
... The detection of the cosmic microwave background by Penzias and Wilson led to the development of the hot big bang model of the universe. In this model, the universe began from an incredibly dense hot plasma state, and rapidly expanded. As the universe expanded, it cooled down. At the point tha ...
... The detection of the cosmic microwave background by Penzias and Wilson led to the development of the hot big bang model of the universe. In this model, the universe began from an incredibly dense hot plasma state, and rapidly expanded. As the universe expanded, it cooled down. At the point tha ...
Big Bang - WordPress.com
... This was the start of experiments to re-create conditions a few moments after the Big Bang. Observational evidence shows the Universe started at one point in space and time. The Big Bang theory states everything started from a tiny point that expanded rapidly in an explosion. Matter was thrown out i ...
... This was the start of experiments to re-create conditions a few moments after the Big Bang. Observational evidence shows the Universe started at one point in space and time. The Big Bang theory states everything started from a tiny point that expanded rapidly in an explosion. Matter was thrown out i ...
WEDNESDAY JULY 1
... weak nuclear, electromagnetic Inflation: rapid growth Annihilation: matter-antimatter asymmetry Nucleosynthesis: forming of protons, neutrons, and nuclei Recombination: electrons paired with nuclei and photons escaped Discuss any problems with the Big Bang theory ...
... weak nuclear, electromagnetic Inflation: rapid growth Annihilation: matter-antimatter asymmetry Nucleosynthesis: forming of protons, neutrons, and nuclei Recombination: electrons paired with nuclei and photons escaped Discuss any problems with the Big Bang theory ...
The Big Bang!
... Red shift - as light from distant galaxies approach earth there is an increase of space between earth and the galaxy, which leads to wavelengths being stretched In 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, discovered a noise of extraterrestrial origin that came from all directions at once radiation left ...
... Red shift - as light from distant galaxies approach earth there is an increase of space between earth and the galaxy, which leads to wavelengths being stretched In 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, discovered a noise of extraterrestrial origin that came from all directions at once radiation left ...
The Very Small Array (VSA) - Department of Physics
... water and sensitivity. Water in the Earth’s atmosphere emits a lot of radiation at submillimetre wavelengths, making it harder to collect the much weaker signals at the same wavelengths arriving at the Earth’s surface from very distant galaxies. For this reason, telescopes operating at submillimetre ...
... water and sensitivity. Water in the Earth’s atmosphere emits a lot of radiation at submillimetre wavelengths, making it harder to collect the much weaker signals at the same wavelengths arriving at the Earth’s surface from very distant galaxies. For this reason, telescopes operating at submillimetre ...
Origins of the Universe
... The Big Bang Theory • A theory for the creation of the universe • Scientists believe about 14 billion years ago, the universe was unimaginably compact, small, and dense • Universe began its expansion after a giant explosion, coined the Big Bang • It began expanding with unimaginable force from a ho ...
... The Big Bang Theory • A theory for the creation of the universe • Scientists believe about 14 billion years ago, the universe was unimaginably compact, small, and dense • Universe began its expansion after a giant explosion, coined the Big Bang • It began expanding with unimaginable force from a ho ...
Recent Developments in Cosmology
... From our vantage point 13 billion years after the Big Bang, we are now trying to unravel what happened in the earliest tiny fraction of a second, when the Universe was 0.000000000000000000000000000000000001 seconds old! We can test our ideas about the Very Early Universe by observing the distributio ...
... From our vantage point 13 billion years after the Big Bang, we are now trying to unravel what happened in the earliest tiny fraction of a second, when the Universe was 0.000000000000000000000000000000000001 seconds old! We can test our ideas about the Very Early Universe by observing the distributio ...
The Big Bang
... evenly throughout the universe? What evidence supports this hypothesis? According to this theory, how old is the universe? ...
... evenly throughout the universe? What evidence supports this hypothesis? According to this theory, how old is the universe? ...
Galaxy classification
... The more distant a galaxy, the grater is the redshift and it is receding from us more rapidly ...
... The more distant a galaxy, the grater is the redshift and it is receding from us more rapidly ...
Answers to Coursebook questions – Chapter E4
... be seen or easily detected. This is divided between WIMPS and MACHOS. WIMPS (massive weakly interacting particles) may include neutrinos and exotic particles predicted by models of particle physics e.g. supersymmetric particles. These have masses similar to those of atomic nuclei and interact via th ...
... be seen or easily detected. This is divided between WIMPS and MACHOS. WIMPS (massive weakly interacting particles) may include neutrinos and exotic particles predicted by models of particle physics e.g. supersymmetric particles. These have masses similar to those of atomic nuclei and interact via th ...
The Superstructure of the Universe
... that the galaxies within the Universe are _____________ outward at a rate consistent with the Big Bang. 3. The observable Universe is about ____ light years in diameter. We can’t see much past that distance since light has not yet ________________ that distance. The observable Universe is only ___% ...
... that the galaxies within the Universe are _____________ outward at a rate consistent with the Big Bang. 3. The observable Universe is about ____ light years in diameter. We can’t see much past that distance since light has not yet ________________ that distance. The observable Universe is only ___% ...
a space smile - Physique chimie Dijon
... Universe and exert such a powerful gravitational pull that they warp the spacetime around them and act as cosmic lenses which can magnify, distort and bend the light behind them. This phenomenon, crucial to many of Hubble's discoveries, can be explained by Einstein's theory of general relativity. "I ...
... Universe and exert such a powerful gravitational pull that they warp the spacetime around them and act as cosmic lenses which can magnify, distort and bend the light behind them. This phenomenon, crucial to many of Hubble's discoveries, can be explained by Einstein's theory of general relativity. "I ...
Origin of Elements - Madison Public Schools
... There is evidence that the universe is expanding, so galaxies are moving farther away from each other. Thermal energy remains constant, so the universe is also cooling down. There is a large body of evidence supporting the Big Bang ...
... There is evidence that the universe is expanding, so galaxies are moving farther away from each other. Thermal energy remains constant, so the universe is also cooling down. There is a large body of evidence supporting the Big Bang ...
Slide 1
... The BIG Questions (courtesy of Jonathan M. Dorfan). The epochs (Eras) are ordered by their time after the instant of the “Big Bang.” Scientific units are used for the time of the beginning of each epoch. To translate to decimals, 10-10 s would equal 0.0000000001 sec, while 3 x 105 yr would equal 300 ...
... The BIG Questions (courtesy of Jonathan M. Dorfan). The epochs (Eras) are ordered by their time after the instant of the “Big Bang.” Scientific units are used for the time of the beginning of each epoch. To translate to decimals, 10-10 s would equal 0.0000000001 sec, while 3 x 105 yr would equal 300 ...
The Big Bang
... 3. Age of the Universe – Astronomers can measure approximately how fast the universe is expanding. Between measuring the movement of galaxies and cosmic background radiation astronomers can estimate the age of the universe to be 13.7 billion years old. ...
... 3. Age of the Universe – Astronomers can measure approximately how fast the universe is expanding. Between measuring the movement of galaxies and cosmic background radiation astronomers can estimate the age of the universe to be 13.7 billion years old. ...
The homogeneous and isotropic universe: Cosmology
... In special relativity the redshift factor z satisfies 1 + z = !1 + v/c ≈ 1 + v c 1 − v/c but some galaxies with z~6 have been detected! ...
... In special relativity the redshift factor z satisfies 1 + z = !1 + v/c ≈ 1 + v c 1 − v/c but some galaxies with z~6 have been detected! ...
BIG BANG ACOUSTICS – SOUND IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE
... time of the microwave sky, harmonic peaks in the spatial power spectrum denote regions which have experienced an integral number of oscillations since the Big Bang – they are caught at phases of maximum compression/rarefaction. Interestingly, because gravity also affects sound production, the amplit ...
... time of the microwave sky, harmonic peaks in the spatial power spectrum denote regions which have experienced an integral number of oscillations since the Big Bang – they are caught at phases of maximum compression/rarefaction. Interestingly, because gravity also affects sound production, the amplit ...
Cosmic microwave background
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the thermal radiation left over from the time of recombination in Big Bang cosmology. In older literature, the CMB is also variously known as cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) or ""relic radiation."" The CMB is a cosmic background radiation that is fundamental to observational cosmology because it is the oldest light in the universe, dating to the epoch of recombination. With a traditional optical telescope, the space between stars and galaxies (the background) is completely dark. However, a sufficiently sensitive radio telescope shows a faint background glow, almost exactly the same in all directions, that is not associated with any star, galaxy, or other object. This glow is strongest in the microwave region of the radio spectrum. The accidental discovery of CMB in 1964 by American radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson was the culmination of work initiated in the 1940s, and earned the discoverers the 1978 Nobel Prize.The CMB is a snapshot of the oldest light in our Universe, imprinted on the sky when the Universe was just 380,000 years old. It shows tiny temperature fluctuations that correspond to regions of slightly different densities, representing the seeds of all future structure: the stars and galaxies of today.The CMB is well explained as radiation left over from an early stage in the development of the universe, and its discovery is considered a landmark test of the Big Bang model of the universe. When the universe was young, before the formation of stars and planets, it was denser, much hotter, and filled with a uniform glow from a white-hot fog of hydrogen plasma. As the universe expanded, both the plasma and the radiation filling it grew cooler. When the universe cooled enough, protons and electrons combined to form neutral atoms. These atoms could no longer absorb the thermal radiation, and so the universe became transparent instead of being an opaque fog. Cosmologists refer to the time period when neutral atoms first formed as the recombination epoch, and the event shortly afterwards when photons started to travel freely through space rather than constantly being scattered by electrons and protons in plasma is referred to as photon decoupling. The photons that existed at the time of photon decoupling have been propagating ever since, though growing fainter and less energetic, since the expansion of space causes their wavelength to increase over time (and wavelength is inversely proportional to energy according to Planck's relation). This is the source of the alternative term relic radiation. The surface of last scattering refers to the set of points in space at the right distance from us so that we are now receiving photons originally emitted from those points at the time of photon decoupling.Precise measurements of the CMB are critical to cosmology, since any proposed model of the universe must explain this radiation. The CMB has a thermal black body spectrum at a temperature of 7000272548000000000♠2.72548±0.00057 K. The spectral radiance dEν/dν peaks at 160.2 GHz, in the microwave range of frequencies. (Alternatively if spectral radiance is defined as dEλ/dλ then the peak wavelength is 1.063 mm.) The glow is very nearly uniform in all directions, but the tiny residual variations show a very specific pattern, the same as that expected of a fairly uniformly distributed hot gas that has expanded to the current size of the universe. In particular, the spectral radiance at different angles of observation in the sky contains small anisotropies, or irregularities, which vary with the size of the region examined. They have been measured in detail, and match what would be expected if small thermal variations, generated by quantum fluctuations of matter in a very tiny space, had expanded to the size of the observable universe we see today. This is a very active field of study, with scientists seeking both better data (for example, the Planck spacecraft) and better interpretations of the initial conditions of expansion. Although many different processes might produce the general form of a black body spectrum, no model other than the Big Bang has yet explained the fluctuations. As a result, most cosmologists consider the Big Bang model of the universe to be the best explanation for the CMB.The high degree of uniformity throughout the observable universe and its faint but measured anisotropy lend strong support for the Big Bang model in general and the ΛCDM (""Lambda Cold Dark Matter"") model in particular. Moreover, the fluctuations are coherent on angular scales that are larger than the apparent cosmological horizon at recombination. Either such coherence is acausally fine-tuned, or cosmic inflation occurred.