The Role of the Plant Nucleolus in Pre-mRNA Processing
... and properties of plant CBs (Collier et al. 2006). Plant CBs also contain snRNAs, snoRNAs and fibrillarin (Beven et al. 1995, 1996; Brown and Shaw 1998) and plant scaRNAs have been identified consistent with conserved roles in snRNP and snoRNP maturation (Marker et al. 2002). Moreover, the majority ...
... and properties of plant CBs (Collier et al. 2006). Plant CBs also contain snRNAs, snoRNAs and fibrillarin (Beven et al. 1995, 1996; Brown and Shaw 1998) and plant scaRNAs have been identified consistent with conserved roles in snRNP and snoRNP maturation (Marker et al. 2002). Moreover, the majority ...
dravhandling-hafte - DUO
... were analysed by mass spectrometry. Only marginal differences in N-glycan processing and site occupancy were observed for the model proteins after their respective apical and basolateral secretion. Insertion of the GAG attachment domain, however, influenced the synthesis of the N-glycan structures i ...
... were analysed by mass spectrometry. Only marginal differences in N-glycan processing and site occupancy were observed for the model proteins after their respective apical and basolateral secretion. Insertion of the GAG attachment domain, however, influenced the synthesis of the N-glycan structures i ...
Regulated trafficking of neurotransmitter transporters: common notes
... cellular redistribution of the various transporters. Probably the most commonly employed technique involves the covalent modification of cell surface proteins with a membrane impermeant biotinylation reagent. After biotiny1 lation, cells are lysed and the biotinylated/cell surface proteins are batch ...
... cellular redistribution of the various transporters. Probably the most commonly employed technique involves the covalent modification of cell surface proteins with a membrane impermeant biotinylation reagent. After biotiny1 lation, cells are lysed and the biotinylated/cell surface proteins are batch ...
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... between embryos from the average map indicates that the morphogenetic process is more robust and deterministic. Once the map is quantified, local tissue deformation can be characterized by using a deformation gradient tensor calculated at each location (Fig. 1B). Intuitively, the tensor describes ho ...
... between embryos from the average map indicates that the morphogenetic process is more robust and deterministic. Once the map is quantified, local tissue deformation can be characterized by using a deformation gradient tensor calculated at each location (Fig. 1B). Intuitively, the tensor describes ho ...
Vacuolar Sorting Receptor-Mediated Trafficking of Soluble Vacuolar
... the process of protein trafficking from the ER to the vacuole comprises many distinct steps, each of which requires a large number of protein factors. In fact, numerous molecular factors involved in this route have been characterized at the molecular and cellular levels. One of these factors is the ...
... the process of protein trafficking from the ER to the vacuole comprises many distinct steps, each of which requires a large number of protein factors. In fact, numerous molecular factors involved in this route have been characterized at the molecular and cellular levels. One of these factors is the ...
Automatic sampling for unbiased and efficient stereological
... The correlation between the biased weight of a field of view and the correct count in the field may be positive or negative. Regardless of that, the estimate is always unbiased. The precision (CE) is, however, much dependent on the relationship between weight and count: the more positive the better ...
... The correlation between the biased weight of a field of view and the correct count in the field may be positive or negative. Regardless of that, the estimate is always unbiased. The precision (CE) is, however, much dependent on the relationship between weight and count: the more positive the better ...
Silicification in the Microalgae
... light. A few other Dinophyta genera are reported to incorporate Si in their cell wall or cysts. High levels of Si have been detected in freshwater field populations of Ceratium hirundinella, Gonyaulacales (Sigee et al. 1999). Chapman et al. (1982) found that C. hirundinella produces two types of cys ...
... light. A few other Dinophyta genera are reported to incorporate Si in their cell wall or cysts. High levels of Si have been detected in freshwater field populations of Ceratium hirundinella, Gonyaulacales (Sigee et al. 1999). Chapman et al. (1982) found that C. hirundinella produces two types of cys ...
Mycobacterium leprae interactions with the host cell: recent
... highly viable organisms for the M. leprae researchers, but the organisms can only be utilized in the short term. In addition, no animal models exist for the human disease, and neither the mouse nor the armadillo experience a course of infection that sufficiently parallels the human clinical features ...
... highly viable organisms for the M. leprae researchers, but the organisms can only be utilized in the short term. In addition, no animal models exist for the human disease, and neither the mouse nor the armadillo experience a course of infection that sufficiently parallels the human clinical features ...
A Critical Role for Egr-1 Characterization of CD44 Induction by IL-1:
... Transient transfection studies were conducted using plasmids, which contained regions of the CD44 upstream regulatory region upstream of the reporter gene, CAT. Confluent ECV304 cell monolayers were resuspended after trypsinization in PBS in 0.4-cm electroporation cuvettes (Invitrogen, Groningen, Th ...
... Transient transfection studies were conducted using plasmids, which contained regions of the CD44 upstream regulatory region upstream of the reporter gene, CAT. Confluent ECV304 cell monolayers were resuspended after trypsinization in PBS in 0.4-cm electroporation cuvettes (Invitrogen, Groningen, Th ...
Pre-operative HBO treatment led to enhanced expression of
... around the nuclei could have important implications. Namely, if GM3 molecules are more intensively expressed, their precursors ceramide and sphingosine would be present in a smaller amount. Therefore, the apoptosis during liver regeneration would be less intense, resulting in more rapid liver regene ...
... around the nuclei could have important implications. Namely, if GM3 molecules are more intensively expressed, their precursors ceramide and sphingosine would be present in a smaller amount. Therefore, the apoptosis during liver regeneration would be less intense, resulting in more rapid liver regene ...
Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Formation at ER Exit Sites
... are relatively low and may not support cargo recognition by themselves (Miller et al., 2003; Mossessova et al., 2003). Regulated enhancement of the binding avidity between cargo and the coat at ERES may provide a plausible mechanism to control ER export. Thus targeted assembly of COPII at defined ER ...
... are relatively low and may not support cargo recognition by themselves (Miller et al., 2003; Mossessova et al., 2003). Regulated enhancement of the binding avidity between cargo and the coat at ERES may provide a plausible mechanism to control ER export. Thus targeted assembly of COPII at defined ER ...
A Ligand for CD5 Is CD5 - The Journal of Immunology
... Recognition by scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains on membrane proteins regulates innate and adaptive immune responses. Two receptors expressed primarily on T cells, CD5 and CD6, are linked genetically and are structurally similar, both containing three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains ...
... Recognition by scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains on membrane proteins regulates innate and adaptive immune responses. Two receptors expressed primarily on T cells, CD5 and CD6, are linked genetically and are structurally similar, both containing three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains ...
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... tissue growth by signalling to downstream components of the SWH pathway (Bennett and Harvey, 2006; Cho et al., 2006; Silva et al., 2006; Tyler and Baker, 2007; Willecke et al., 2006). Interestingly, we found that although Ft controlled cell growth, proliferation and expression of SWH pathway target ...
... tissue growth by signalling to downstream components of the SWH pathway (Bennett and Harvey, 2006; Cho et al., 2006; Silva et al., 2006; Tyler and Baker, 2007; Willecke et al., 2006). Interestingly, we found that although Ft controlled cell growth, proliferation and expression of SWH pathway target ...
Genetic Control of Fusion Pore Expansion in the Epidermis of
... midline and at the edges of the cells in the dorsal view) that were determined manually for each junction in each individual frame. This is based on the simple mathematical concept that a unique circle passes through every three noncollinear points. Thus, the arc defining each junction was a part of ...
... midline and at the edges of the cells in the dorsal view) that were determined manually for each junction in each individual frame. This is based on the simple mathematical concept that a unique circle passes through every three noncollinear points. Thus, the arc defining each junction was a part of ...
tr-kit promotes the formation of a multimolecular complex composed
... We have recently demonstrated that tr-kit activates the soluble tyrosine kinase Fyn and causes a strong stimulation in tyrosine phosphorylation of PLCg1 and of a protein of approximately 70 kDa that co-immunoprecipitates with PLCg1 (Sette et al., 2002). Since Sam68 is a substrate for Src-like kinase ...
... We have recently demonstrated that tr-kit activates the soluble tyrosine kinase Fyn and causes a strong stimulation in tyrosine phosphorylation of PLCg1 and of a protein of approximately 70 kDa that co-immunoprecipitates with PLCg1 (Sette et al., 2002). Since Sam68 is a substrate for Src-like kinase ...
Anatomy of Tendons
... 4 zones of pure fibrous tissue, unmineralized fibrocartilage, mineralized fibrocartilage, and bone [20]. There are one or more prominent basophilic lines (cement or blue lines), called the tidemark. The tidemark represents the outer limit of the mineralized fibrocartilage. The line is usually smoother t ...
... 4 zones of pure fibrous tissue, unmineralized fibrocartilage, mineralized fibrocartilage, and bone [20]. There are one or more prominent basophilic lines (cement or blue lines), called the tidemark. The tidemark represents the outer limit of the mineralized fibrocartilage. The line is usually smoother t ...
Elsevier Editorial System(tm) for Current Opinion in Plant Biology
... The mechanisms of translocation are best studied in the RXLR-type effectors, which are thought to be predominantly secreted via haustoria, specialized hyphal structures that invaginate the host membrane [20]. RXLR effectors carry an N-terminal motif that is similar in sequence, position, and functio ...
... The mechanisms of translocation are best studied in the RXLR-type effectors, which are thought to be predominantly secreted via haustoria, specialized hyphal structures that invaginate the host membrane [20]. RXLR effectors carry an N-terminal motif that is similar in sequence, position, and functio ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).