Identification of a Cell Cycle-Related Cene, Cyclin, in Nicotiana
... Among a11 of the proteins known to be involved in the cell cycle, the CDKs are key components in the control of both the G, to S phase and the G, to M phase transitions in a11 eukaryotes (Jacobs, 1992; Nigg, 1993). The kinase activity of CDKs is regulated by subunits called cyclins, which are involv ...
... Among a11 of the proteins known to be involved in the cell cycle, the CDKs are key components in the control of both the G, to S phase and the G, to M phase transitions in a11 eukaryotes (Jacobs, 1992; Nigg, 1993). The kinase activity of CDKs is regulated by subunits called cyclins, which are involv ...
The plasma membrane
... shape, and prevents excessive uptake of water • Plant cell walls are made of cellulose fibers ...
... shape, and prevents excessive uptake of water • Plant cell walls are made of cellulose fibers ...
Control of the number of cell division rounds in distinct tissues
... amount falls below the threshold level required for cell cycle progression, cell division will be terminated. In this case, the factors are not titrated or exhausted. The stepwise reduction of the activator might act as a digital clock or timer. In the abovementioned cases, cells sense their conditi ...
... amount falls below the threshold level required for cell cycle progression, cell division will be terminated. In this case, the factors are not titrated or exhausted. The stepwise reduction of the activator might act as a digital clock or timer. In the abovementioned cases, cells sense their conditi ...
Heat Shock Response and Protein Degradation
... it is mediated by a family of heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) corresponding to HSF1 through HSF4 (37, 38, 65), which recognize and bind to heat shock elements (HSEs) present in the promoter regions of heat shock genes (11). The expression of multiple HSF family members in larger eukaryotes e ...
... it is mediated by a family of heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) corresponding to HSF1 through HSF4 (37, 38, 65), which recognize and bind to heat shock elements (HSEs) present in the promoter regions of heat shock genes (11). The expression of multiple HSF family members in larger eukaryotes e ...
HIF-2α phosphorylation by CK1δ promotes erythropoietin secretion
... Casein kinase 1δ supports HIF-2 transcriptional activity and stimulates EPO secretion To investigate the involvement of CK1δ in the regulation of HIF-2α, its expression was suppressed in Huh7 cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing. Treatment of cells with CK1δ siRNA under hypoxic ...
... Casein kinase 1δ supports HIF-2 transcriptional activity and stimulates EPO secretion To investigate the involvement of CK1δ in the regulation of HIF-2α, its expression was suppressed in Huh7 cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing. Treatment of cells with CK1δ siRNA under hypoxic ...
Connexin 43 mimetic peptide Gap27 reveals potential differences in
... correlated with decreased gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in cultured human keratinocytes and fibroblasts from young healthy donors [12]. Gap27 is a small synthetic connexin mimetic peptide with a sequence homology to the second extracellular loop of Cx43 [13, 14] and is a benign, ...
... correlated with decreased gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in cultured human keratinocytes and fibroblasts from young healthy donors [12]. Gap27 is a small synthetic connexin mimetic peptide with a sequence homology to the second extracellular loop of Cx43 [13, 14] and is a benign, ...
The Cytoskeleton of Nerve Cells in Historic Perspective
... the convergence and divergence of neurofibrils (Figure 9 in Bethe, 1898a). In this view the nerve cells and fibers acted as protective and insulating envelopes for the conducting neurofibrils, which would be wired in a virtually uninterrupted network across the whole nervous system, from sensory ter ...
... the convergence and divergence of neurofibrils (Figure 9 in Bethe, 1898a). In this view the nerve cells and fibers acted as protective and insulating envelopes for the conducting neurofibrils, which would be wired in a virtually uninterrupted network across the whole nervous system, from sensory ter ...
bundle sheath defective, a mutation that disrupts cellular
... small (late) sectors of dark green tissue are seen throughout the blade and sheath, the bsd1-m1 phenotype may result from the combined action of excision and induction or suppression events. Regardless of the genetic mechanism by which it is produced, dark green tissue in bsd1-m1 leaves is phenotypi ...
... small (late) sectors of dark green tissue are seen throughout the blade and sheath, the bsd1-m1 phenotype may result from the combined action of excision and induction or suppression events. Regardless of the genetic mechanism by which it is produced, dark green tissue in bsd1-m1 leaves is phenotypi ...
Cellulose Binding Domains of a Phytophthora Cell Wall Protein Are
... responses. Moreover, CBEL elicits a transient variation of cytosolic calcium levels in tobacco cells but not in protoplasts. These results define CBDs as a novel class of molecular patterns in oomycetes that are targeted by the innate immune system of plants and might act through interaction with th ...
... responses. Moreover, CBEL elicits a transient variation of cytosolic calcium levels in tobacco cells but not in protoplasts. These results define CBDs as a novel class of molecular patterns in oomycetes that are targeted by the innate immune system of plants and might act through interaction with th ...
Phosphorylation of initiation factor2 is required for
... of the exchange of eIF2-bound GDP for GTP. As GTP binding to eIF2 is a prerequisite to Met-tRNAi binding, phosphorylation of eIF2a effectively inhibits eIF2 recycling and consequently inhibits additional translation initiation steps (reviewed in [4]). The control mechanisms that govern the rate of g ...
... of the exchange of eIF2-bound GDP for GTP. As GTP binding to eIF2 is a prerequisite to Met-tRNAi binding, phosphorylation of eIF2a effectively inhibits eIF2 recycling and consequently inhibits additional translation initiation steps (reviewed in [4]). The control mechanisms that govern the rate of g ...
A NIMA-related kinase, Cnk2p, regulates both
... have the necessary resources to complete genome duplication and mitosis. Cell size regulation in metazoans is dependent upon cell type and influenced by extracellular signals, although it is likely that metazoan cells possess a primordial cell size threshold that prevents division at small cell size ...
... have the necessary resources to complete genome duplication and mitosis. Cell size regulation in metazoans is dependent upon cell type and influenced by extracellular signals, although it is likely that metazoan cells possess a primordial cell size threshold that prevents division at small cell size ...
The Role of Endocytosis in the Creation of the Cortical Division Zone
... The division site is defined as the region where a new division plane is inserted into a cell at the end of cell division (Gunning, 1982). Since the division plane in animal cells is inserted centripetally from the cell cortex using a contractile ring, the cortical division site corresponds to a reg ...
... The division site is defined as the region where a new division plane is inserted into a cell at the end of cell division (Gunning, 1982). Since the division plane in animal cells is inserted centripetally from the cell cortex using a contractile ring, the cortical division site corresponds to a reg ...
Production of final product
... Widely used for assay of various proteins (antigen and antibody) Ex) EPO assay, interferons, therapeutic antibodies, antibody against HIV, Hepatitis B, C virus, Use of enzyme-conjugated secondary antibody for signal amplification : HRP or Alkaline Phosphatase Automated measurement using a 96 well pl ...
... Widely used for assay of various proteins (antigen and antibody) Ex) EPO assay, interferons, therapeutic antibodies, antibody against HIV, Hepatitis B, C virus, Use of enzyme-conjugated secondary antibody for signal amplification : HRP or Alkaline Phosphatase Automated measurement using a 96 well pl ...
Atrial fibrillation-induced gap junctional remodeling
... 10 Hz) showing similar changes in Cx43 distribution. First, we would like to comment on the immunohistochemical analyses performed. The antibody against Cx40 was said to recognize a 40-kDa protein in adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Because these cells do not express Cx40, this suggests crossre ...
... 10 Hz) showing similar changes in Cx43 distribution. First, we would like to comment on the immunohistochemical analyses performed. The antibody against Cx40 was said to recognize a 40-kDa protein in adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Because these cells do not express Cx40, this suggests crossre ...
Stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis
... other connective tissues [18], and commonly termed as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Many other tissues have been reported to be the source of MSCs, more recently the vasculature being a source of perivascular cells with the phenotype of MSCs [19,20]. The study [19] demonstrates that bone marrow st ...
... other connective tissues [18], and commonly termed as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Many other tissues have been reported to be the source of MSCs, more recently the vasculature being a source of perivascular cells with the phenotype of MSCs [19,20]. The study [19] demonstrates that bone marrow st ...
Discovering pluripotency: 30 years of mouse embryonic stem cells
... by a shell of primary extra-embryonic endodermal cells; and in a cystic form, which contained a more complex mixture of early embryonic cell types. The primary extra-embryonic endoderm cells secrete a hypertrophied basement membrane (Reichert’s membrane), which separates them from the inner EC cells ...
... by a shell of primary extra-embryonic endodermal cells; and in a cystic form, which contained a more complex mixture of early embryonic cell types. The primary extra-embryonic endoderm cells secrete a hypertrophied basement membrane (Reichert’s membrane), which separates them from the inner EC cells ...
Cytokinesis is blocked in mammalian cells transfected with
... has been particularly useful in these studies is the use of surrogate genetic systems including yeast, mammalian cells, and other bacterial species [5-10]. ...
... has been particularly useful in these studies is the use of surrogate genetic systems including yeast, mammalian cells, and other bacterial species [5-10]. ...
URINARY SYSTEM II
... PT cells display abundant endocytic vesicles for pinocytosis of macromolecules such as proteins which have filtered, either normally or abnormally. These cells also have an elaborate development of the lateral surfaces (interdigitations with neighboring cells), giving them a somewhat stellate appear ...
... PT cells display abundant endocytic vesicles for pinocytosis of macromolecules such as proteins which have filtered, either normally or abnormally. These cells also have an elaborate development of the lateral surfaces (interdigitations with neighboring cells), giving them a somewhat stellate appear ...
a comparative cytological and morphometric analysis of vacuolation
... (vacuole delimiting membrane) has a higher water permeability than plasma membrane (Maurel et al. 1997). On the other hand, high expression of aquaporins in plasma membrane and tonoplast enables quick water fluxes which can control the volume of intercellular spaces responsible for oxygen diffusion ...
... (vacuole delimiting membrane) has a higher water permeability than plasma membrane (Maurel et al. 1997). On the other hand, high expression of aquaporins in plasma membrane and tonoplast enables quick water fluxes which can control the volume of intercellular spaces responsible for oxygen diffusion ...
Author Guidelines for 8
... The proposed algorithm has been tested using three different types of cell video sequences– 1) human monocytes observed from an in vitro assay, where the cells are rolling on human P-selectin; 2) in vitro microbubble data, where ultrasound contrast microbubbles rolls in the flow chamber illuminated ...
... The proposed algorithm has been tested using three different types of cell video sequences– 1) human monocytes observed from an in vitro assay, where the cells are rolling on human P-selectin; 2) in vitro microbubble data, where ultrasound contrast microbubbles rolls in the flow chamber illuminated ...
MHC antigeny
... immune system (most frequently infectious microorganisms) • Autoantigens – antigens derived from own cells • Superantigens – exoantigens, non-specific stimulation of lymphocytes independently on antigen specificity • Allergens – in predisposed individuals induce pathologic (allergic) immune response ...
... immune system (most frequently infectious microorganisms) • Autoantigens – antigens derived from own cells • Superantigens – exoantigens, non-specific stimulation of lymphocytes independently on antigen specificity • Allergens – in predisposed individuals induce pathologic (allergic) immune response ...
PIERGIORGIO PETTAZZONI
... Titolo: 4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE)-protein adducts identification in HL-60 human lukemic cells 4-Hydoxynonenal (HNE), one of the most important aldheydic products generated from the lipidic peroxidation of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, has been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ...
... Titolo: 4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE)-protein adducts identification in HL-60 human lukemic cells 4-Hydoxynonenal (HNE), one of the most important aldheydic products generated from the lipidic peroxidation of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, has been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).