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Microsymposia - IUCr Journals
Microsymposia - IUCr Journals

... compound semiconducters such as Cu(In,Ga)Se2 as absorbers. Since the availability of indium is an object of concern regarding solar cell large scale production, its replacement with Zn and Sn is beneficial in this sense. The alternative compound kesterite (Cu2ZnSnS4) has promising characteristic opt ...
DS 39: Thin Film Applications - DPG
DS 39: Thin Film Applications - DPG

monolithic integrated glass micronozzle emitters on silicon for nano
monolithic integrated glass micronozzle emitters on silicon for nano

... non-conformal thickness profile across narrow trenches and then subjected to thermal reflow for shape transformation. A dry release step revealed micronozzles protruding from the substrate. This report is the first account of applying this unique process to obtain integrated emitters that are highly ...
The optimized composition of Mg–Al–Cu metallic glass investigated
The optimized composition of Mg–Al–Cu metallic glass investigated

Resonance Superfluidity in a Quantum Degenerate Fermi Gas
Resonance Superfluidity in a Quantum Degenerate Fermi Gas

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Properties of Materials
Properties of Materials

... can be: Strong but brittle, insulators, water resistant if glazed, durable. After treatment clays can be: Strong but brittle, insulators, water resistant if glazed, durable. Inert. Bad conductor. Low melting point (alloy such as pyrex has high melting point). Transparent. Brittle. High tensile stren ...
Annealing Stages
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The Magic of Matter!
The Magic of Matter!

... What is Matter? • Atoms bonded together make molecules ...
Characteristic Properties Non-Characteristic Properties
Characteristic Properties Non-Characteristic Properties

ABSTRACTS NWAFS SPRING MEETING -
ABSTRACTS NWAFS SPRING MEETING -

... pumice, perlite and have a variety of more exotic forms of techniques and staff from high throughput data banking such a Pele’s Hair. A very unusual glass in which you will and forensic casework was required. Since October 12th over probably never see in casework is of extra-terrestrial origin. 17,0 ...
Cartridge Filter is designed for high viscosity liquid filtration, by
Cartridge Filter is designed for high viscosity liquid filtration, by

... ① This Cartridge has the high compressive strength against the viscous liquids, because of the structure of only molded layer. Also, it achieves the bigger filtration flow. ②All Cartridge products are rinsed up, so the no flow out of oils, and no foaming. ③Thickness of the fibers is uniformed, and t ...
Corrosion Glossary - N Nanometer: abbreviated "nm", a unit of
Corrosion Glossary - N Nanometer: abbreviated "nm", a unit of

... material, usually ammonia or molten cyanide of appropriate composition. Quenching is not required to produce a hard case. Nitrocarburizing: any of several processes in which both nitrogen and carbon are absorbed into the surface layers of a ferrous material at temperatures below the lower critical t ...
syllabus for screening test (mcq type)
syllabus for screening test (mcq type)

... Definition and classification, Metal-Carbon bonded complexes of transition metals – their preparation, properties and stability. Application of 18 electron rule to carbonyl, nitrosyl and cyanides of transition metals. ...
Document
Document

... Hardening is a metallurgical and metalworking process used to increase the hardness of a metal. The hardness of a metal is directly proportional to the uniaxial yield stress at the location of the imposed strain. A harder metal will have a higher resistance to plastic deformation than a less hard me ...
Phase Rule and Binary Phase Diagrams
Phase Rule and Binary Phase Diagrams

... for the reaction creating the phase from the elements (SiO2 from silicon and oxygen, for example)  We can then determine G at any T and P mathematically • How do V and S vary with P and T?  dV/dP is the coefficient of isothermal compressibility  dS/dT is the heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp ...
Phase Rule and Binary Phase Diagrams
Phase Rule and Binary Phase Diagrams

... for the reaction creating the phase from the elements (SiO2 from silicon and oxygen, for example)  We can then determine G at any T and P mathematically • How do V and S vary with P and T?  dV/dP is the coefficient of isothermal compressibility  dS/dT is the heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp ...
Hadiseh Dadras: The in vitro effect of various temperatures on
Hadiseh Dadras: The in vitro effect of various temperatures on

... temperature, but, so far, temperature has been very rarely assessed in studies of fertilization. It has also been proven that motility duration and velocity of spermatozoa depend on temperature of the activation medium. Assuming that fish spermatozoa contain finite energy stores, the existence of te ...
Answer Key to Sample Questions
Answer Key to Sample Questions

... Is the reaction product favored at 298 K? yes because Go is negative. c. In what temperature range will this reaction be favored? Circle one, and fill in a temperature IF you choose one of the ones on the right side. At all temperatures. 16. Using free energy of formation values (get them from OWL) ...
Morphology of electrochemically grown silver deposits on silver-saturated Ge–Se thin films
Morphology of electrochemically grown silver deposits on silver-saturated Ge–Se thin films

... packed, the silver photodiffusion is quite restricted. The situation within the stoichiometric compositions is a intermediate one in which Ag can diffuse in pores and volumes between the structural units and react with some charged three-dimensional units or Se defects formed due to the illumination w ...
Characterization of the phase transition in coper-gold alloys by X
Characterization of the phase transition in coper-gold alloys by X

Phase Transformations
Phase Transformations

Lecture21 - Lcgui.net
Lecture21 - Lcgui.net

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Composition and Structure of Earth`s Interior
Composition and Structure of Earth`s Interior

S-7 Mold Quality - Sturdell Industries Inc.
S-7 Mold Quality - Sturdell Industries Inc.

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Glass transition



The glass–liquid transition or glass transition for short is the reversible transition in amorphous materials (or in amorphous regions within semicrystalline materials) from a hard and relatively brittle state into a molten or rubber-like state. An amorphous solid that exhibits a glass transition is called a glass. Supercooling a viscous liquid into the glass state is called vitrification, from the Latin vitreum, ""glass"" via French vitrifier.Despite the massive change in the physical properties of a material through its glass transition, the transition is not itself a phase transition of any kind; rather it is a laboratory phenomenon extending over a range of temperature and defined by one of several conventions. Such conventions include a constant cooling rate (20 K/min) and a viscosity threshold of 1012 Pa·s, among others. Upon cooling or heating through this glass-transition range, the material also exhibits a smooth step in the thermal-expansion coefficient and in the specific heat, with the location of these effects again being dependent on the history of the material. However, the question of whether some phase transition underlies the glass transition is a matter of continuing research.The glass-transition temperature Tg is always lower than the melting temperature, Tm, of the crystalline state of the material, if one exists.
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