Lecture 1 outline handout
... 1. Range of space and time A. electrons to Universe B. microseconds (1/1,000,000 sec. ) to age of Universe (~14,000,000,000 years) 2. Units of measure A. metric system B. units of mass (M), length (L), time (T) C. converting english to metric (1 km = 0.6 mi; 1 mi = 1.6 km) D. prefixes (kilo, centi, ...
... 1. Range of space and time A. electrons to Universe B. microseconds (1/1,000,000 sec. ) to age of Universe (~14,000,000,000 years) 2. Units of measure A. metric system B. units of mass (M), length (L), time (T) C. converting english to metric (1 km = 0.6 mi; 1 mi = 1.6 km) D. prefixes (kilo, centi, ...
Announcements
... force “freezes out” and the universe enters the Quark Epoch The universe is now a quark-gluon plasma. The quarks were created in the Unified Era and ...
... force “freezes out” and the universe enters the Quark Epoch The universe is now a quark-gluon plasma. The quarks were created in the Unified Era and ...
Big Bang Theory Scientific origin of the Universe
... Scientific origin of the Universe 1. All matter in the universe began moving together to a single point. 2. At that time the universe was small, hot and dense. 3. 10-15 billion years ago there was an enormous explosion that sent all matter moving outward. 4. Since then all matter in the universe has ...
... Scientific origin of the Universe 1. All matter in the universe began moving together to a single point. 2. At that time the universe was small, hot and dense. 3. 10-15 billion years ago there was an enormous explosion that sent all matter moving outward. 4. Since then all matter in the universe has ...
The universe - Villanova University
... Sun will expand into a red giant, larger than Earth’s orbit. ...
... Sun will expand into a red giant, larger than Earth’s orbit. ...
The Prelude - Solar Physics and Space Weather
... •At t=10-6 second, the temperature in the universe dropped to the threshold temperature of 1013 K, at which the photons can not produce proton and anti-proton pairs (and neutron and antineutron pairs) •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to fo ...
... •At t=10-6 second, the temperature in the universe dropped to the threshold temperature of 1013 K, at which the photons can not produce proton and anti-proton pairs (and neutron and antineutron pairs) •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to fo ...
Probing the Edge of the Solar System: Formation of
... •At t=10-6 second, the temperature in the universe dropped to the threshold temperature of 1013 K, at which the photons can not produce proton and anti-proton pairs (and neutron and antineutron pairs) •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to fo ...
... •At t=10-6 second, the temperature in the universe dropped to the threshold temperature of 1013 K, at which the photons can not produce proton and anti-proton pairs (and neutron and antineutron pairs) •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to fo ...
Document
... Andromeda, and determined their distance. Andromeda contains a spiral-shaped galaxy that, at a distance of 2.2 million light-years, is the farthest object visible to the naked eye. He calculated that Andromeda must be at least 10 times farther away than the farthest stars in the Milky Way. The Andro ...
... Andromeda, and determined their distance. Andromeda contains a spiral-shaped galaxy that, at a distance of 2.2 million light-years, is the farthest object visible to the naked eye. He calculated that Andromeda must be at least 10 times farther away than the farthest stars in the Milky Way. The Andro ...
Key Facts
... In the hot Big Bang Theory, the observable universe began with an instantaneously expanding point, roughly ten to twenty billion years ago. Since then, the universe has continued to expand, gradually increasing the distance between our Galaxy and external galaxies. The expansion of the universe "str ...
... In the hot Big Bang Theory, the observable universe began with an instantaneously expanding point, roughly ten to twenty billion years ago. Since then, the universe has continued to expand, gradually increasing the distance between our Galaxy and external galaxies. The expansion of the universe "str ...
Big-Bang
... of frustration that this simple fact induces among scientists.” James Trefill, The Dark Side of the Universe (New York: Charles Scribners’s Sons), pg. 55 ...
... of frustration that this simple fact induces among scientists.” James Trefill, The Dark Side of the Universe (New York: Charles Scribners’s Sons), pg. 55 ...
Astronomy and Our Origins
... • Scientists believe the entire universe began as a single, one dimensional speck that exploded into existence. • This idea is called the Big Bang Theory! • Do we know for sure…of course not…we could be right or wrong. We will never know. • But we do have a lot of evidence to support our hypothesis. ...
... • Scientists believe the entire universe began as a single, one dimensional speck that exploded into existence. • This idea is called the Big Bang Theory! • Do we know for sure…of course not…we could be right or wrong. We will never know. • But we do have a lot of evidence to support our hypothesis. ...
Unit 3 - Section 9.7 Stellar Spectra, Dark Matter0
... gigantic sea of subatomic particles including neutrons, protons, electrons, anti-electrons (positrons), photons and neutrinos. As the Universe slowly cooled, the neutrons decayed into protons and electrons OR combined with protons to make deuterium (an isotope of hydrogen). As it continued to cool, ...
... gigantic sea of subatomic particles including neutrons, protons, electrons, anti-electrons (positrons), photons and neutrinos. As the Universe slowly cooled, the neutrons decayed into protons and electrons OR combined with protons to make deuterium (an isotope of hydrogen). As it continued to cool, ...
1_Introduction
... t=0: The Big Bang Why do we care that this happened? If the universe had remained dense, it wouldn’t have cooled enough for nuclei, atoms, galaxies, and us to form. (Speaking to an audience of humans, I make no apologies for my human chauvinism.) ...
... t=0: The Big Bang Why do we care that this happened? If the universe had remained dense, it wouldn’t have cooled enough for nuclei, atoms, galaxies, and us to form. (Speaking to an audience of humans, I make no apologies for my human chauvinism.) ...
THE COSMIC DANCE
... This coming together creates of electrons and protons to make Hydrogen gives off light we call… MICROWAVES. This is how we know what the lumps of matter look like At 380,000 years after the Big Bang—The Recombination Era. ...
... This coming together creates of electrons and protons to make Hydrogen gives off light we call… MICROWAVES. This is how we know what the lumps of matter look like At 380,000 years after the Big Bang—The Recombination Era. ...
cosmological horizon
... what is the redshift of this galaxy? what is its recession velocity? how far away is it? ...
... what is the redshift of this galaxy? what is its recession velocity? how far away is it? ...
How the universe began
... • What do we mean by the ‘red shift’ in light observed from most distant galaxies? • What evidence do we have that the universe is expanding and how does this support the Big Bang theory? ...
... • What do we mean by the ‘red shift’ in light observed from most distant galaxies? • What evidence do we have that the universe is expanding and how does this support the Big Bang theory? ...
La teoria del big bang y la formacion del Universo
... development of the universe. • The key idea is that the universe is expanding. Consequently, the universe was denser and hotter in the past. Moreover, the Big Bang model suggests that at some moment all matter in the universe was contained in a single point, which is considered the beginning of the ...
... development of the universe. • The key idea is that the universe is expanding. Consequently, the universe was denser and hotter in the past. Moreover, the Big Bang model suggests that at some moment all matter in the universe was contained in a single point, which is considered the beginning of the ...
BBN + Inflation
... Big Bang Nucleosynthesis • Around 10-9 s, quarks froze out into protons and neutrons, note neutrons are unstable, but lifetime is long enough, 15 minutes. • When did nuclei form? Simplest nucleus is deuterium, D, consists of p+n. Energy to dissociate D is 2.2 MeV, which is 160,000 that needed to di ...
... Big Bang Nucleosynthesis • Around 10-9 s, quarks froze out into protons and neutrons, note neutrons are unstable, but lifetime is long enough, 15 minutes. • When did nuclei form? Simplest nucleus is deuterium, D, consists of p+n. Energy to dissociate D is 2.2 MeV, which is 160,000 that needed to di ...
expanding universe
... of the solar system with all the planets, including the earth, revolving around it. ...
... of the solar system with all the planets, including the earth, revolving around it. ...
Class 28, 27 July
... – At some temperature, protons and neutrons form – A little later, the protons and neutrons make Helium (most Helium in the universe was formed in the first 3 minutes after the Big Bang) – Nuclei, electrons, and photons in big “soup” • Nuclei try to collapse (gravity), photons push back (pressure) • ...
... – At some temperature, protons and neutrons form – A little later, the protons and neutrons make Helium (most Helium in the universe was formed in the first 3 minutes after the Big Bang) – Nuclei, electrons, and photons in big “soup” • Nuclei try to collapse (gravity), photons push back (pressure) • ...
ASTR100 Class 01 - University of Maryland Astronomy
... Background radiation from the Big Bang has been freely streaming across the universe since atoms formed at temperature ~3,000 K: visible/IR. Creation of the Cosmic Microwave Background ...
... Background radiation from the Big Bang has been freely streaming across the universe since atoms formed at temperature ~3,000 K: visible/IR. Creation of the Cosmic Microwave Background ...
r - astronomy.ohio
... The origin of the expansion (in Newton’s terms, the force that caused the initial acceleration) was in the very early universe. To describe the very early universe, we need a good theory of “quantum gravity”. ...
... The origin of the expansion (in Newton’s terms, the force that caused the initial acceleration) was in the very early universe. To describe the very early universe, we need a good theory of “quantum gravity”. ...
Goodbye Big Bang, hello black hole? A new theory of the
... supermassive black hole at the heart of the active galaxy NGC 3783 in the southern constellation of Centaurus (The Centaur). New observations using the Very Large Telescope Interferometer at ESO’s Paranal Observatory in Chile have revealed not only the torus of hot dust around the black hole but als ...
... supermassive black hole at the heart of the active galaxy NGC 3783 in the southern constellation of Centaurus (The Centaur). New observations using the Very Large Telescope Interferometer at ESO’s Paranal Observatory in Chile have revealed not only the torus of hot dust around the black hole but als ...
Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model accounts for the fact that the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of observed phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and Hubble's Law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid, there is a singularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.Since Georges Lemaître first noted, in 1927, that an expanding universe might be traced back in time to an originating single point, scientists have built on his idea of cosmic expansion. While the scientific community was once divided between supporters of two different expanding universe theories, the Big Bang and the Steady State theory, accumulated empirical evidence provides strong support for the former. In 1929, from analysis of galactic redshifts, Edwin Hubble concluded that galaxies are drifting apart, important observational evidence consistent with the hypothesis of an expanding universe. In 1965, the cosmic microwave background radiation was discovered, which was crucial evidence in favor of the Big Bang model, since that theory predicted the existence of background radiation throughout the universe before it was discovered. More recently, measurements of the redshifts of supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, an observation attributed to dark energy's existence. The known physical laws of nature can be used to calculate the characteristics of the universe in detail back in time to an initial state of extreme density and temperature.