IMPORTANT FEATURES FOR A RIGHT - pi
... achieved. Another important feature of the πShaper optical design is providing zero or negligible for practical applications wave aberration for a beam passing through the πShaper, this means equal path lengths for all rays of input beam passing through the optical system; this condition is very imp ...
... achieved. Another important feature of the πShaper optical design is providing zero or negligible for practical applications wave aberration for a beam passing through the πShaper, this means equal path lengths for all rays of input beam passing through the optical system; this condition is very imp ...
Laser - nptel
... phase relationship bfor a long time. this results in interference effect. When a laser beam reflects off a surface, the reflected light can be seen to have bright regions separated by dark regions. Temporal Coherence: One can define a coherence time after which the phase correlation between two wave ...
... phase relationship bfor a long time. this results in interference effect. When a laser beam reflects off a surface, the reflected light can be seen to have bright regions separated by dark regions. Temporal Coherence: One can define a coherence time after which the phase correlation between two wave ...
Microscopes - Photonics Research Group
... condenser, could be off-centered to achieve oblique illumination. Much of the early use of the light microscope depended on the relatively high image contrast that could be generated by differential absorption, reflection, birefringence, etc., due to specimen composition or structure. Specimens, suc ...
... condenser, could be off-centered to achieve oblique illumination. Much of the early use of the light microscope depended on the relatively high image contrast that could be generated by differential absorption, reflection, birefringence, etc., due to specimen composition or structure. Specimens, suc ...
Liquid Fundamental Measurements on an Aggregated Dye Crystal
... polarized perpendicular to the director experiences another index of refraction, the ordinary index no. Light polarized at some other angle with respect to the director, on the other hand, experiences more than one index of refraction. The parallel component experiences the extraordinary index ne an ...
... polarized perpendicular to the director experiences another index of refraction, the ordinary index no. Light polarized at some other angle with respect to the director, on the other hand, experiences more than one index of refraction. The parallel component experiences the extraordinary index ne an ...
Optical parameters of milk fat globules for laser light scattering
... 20 oC was measured at 589 nm and was calculated to be 1.470 at 466 nm and 1.460 at 633 nm. Because the software of the LLS equipment does not allow for differences in ni,water at the two different wavelengths, ni,fat was corrected to reflect the difference between the refractive indices of the fat g ...
... 20 oC was measured at 589 nm and was calculated to be 1.470 at 466 nm and 1.460 at 633 nm. Because the software of the LLS equipment does not allow for differences in ni,water at the two different wavelengths, ni,fat was corrected to reflect the difference between the refractive indices of the fat g ...
Waves and Radiation
... 3) Draw a line at 20° to this normal to mark the incident ray. 4) Use a ray box and single slit to shine a ray of light along the path you have marked for the incident ray. 5) Mark two dots on the path of the refracted ray with a pencil. Join the dots with a ruler to show the path of the ...
... 3) Draw a line at 20° to this normal to mark the incident ray. 4) Use a ray box and single slit to shine a ray of light along the path you have marked for the incident ray. 5) Mark two dots on the path of the refracted ray with a pencil. Join the dots with a ruler to show the path of the ...
Displacement Measuring Interferometry
... Stage metrology in particular often requires measurements of multiple degrees of freedom (DOF), including stage pitch and yaw. For this reason, a variety of angle measurement interferometers have been developed, often using the HSPMI as a building block. Figure 4.19 illustrates one way to achieve th ...
... Stage metrology in particular often requires measurements of multiple degrees of freedom (DOF), including stage pitch and yaw. For this reason, a variety of angle measurement interferometers have been developed, often using the HSPMI as a building block. Figure 4.19 illustrates one way to achieve th ...
Nanosphere Lithography: Effect of Substrate on the Localized
... and dynamic charge transfer at the cluster/substrate interface. Compelling evidence is given indicating that cluster shape deformation as well as static and dynamic charge-transfer effects are significant in determining the influence of the substrate on the LSPR extinction maximum. In the work prese ...
... and dynamic charge transfer at the cluster/substrate interface. Compelling evidence is given indicating that cluster shape deformation as well as static and dynamic charge-transfer effects are significant in determining the influence of the substrate on the LSPR extinction maximum. In the work prese ...
Wavelength swept amplified spontaneous emission source
... additional post-amplification can be used to provide sufficient levels of output power. The process of post-amplification of filtered ASE was demonstrated in a very rapidly swept laser source [12], where the tuning rate was above the single roundtrip limit and the laser did not have optical feedback ...
... additional post-amplification can be used to provide sufficient levels of output power. The process of post-amplification of filtered ASE was demonstrated in a very rapidly swept laser source [12], where the tuning rate was above the single roundtrip limit and the laser did not have optical feedback ...
Why Did John Herschel Fail to Understand Polarization
... and thus defines the conceptual field on which various optical phenomena can be understood and explained with the help of laws from mechanics, particularly the laws regarding repulsive or attractive forces. For example, the phenomena of reflection and refraction were frequently explained in terms of ...
... and thus defines the conceptual field on which various optical phenomena can be understood and explained with the help of laws from mechanics, particularly the laws regarding repulsive or attractive forces. For example, the phenomena of reflection and refraction were frequently explained in terms of ...
T - International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
... COMSOL Multiphysics (version 4.2) has been used to arrange the structure of the fiber. Finite element method (FEM) with a perfectly matched layer (PML) has been used to study the propagation characteristics of the waveguide. The cladding of the fiber has a hexagonal distribution with three air hole ...
... COMSOL Multiphysics (version 4.2) has been used to arrange the structure of the fiber. Finite element method (FEM) with a perfectly matched layer (PML) has been used to study the propagation characteristics of the waveguide. The cladding of the fiber has a hexagonal distribution with three air hole ...
Fabrication of Cube Beamsplitters for White Light Interferometry
... fabrication errors on a plane wave passing through the beamsplitter can be modeled as a series of these thin elements placed in the optical path of both the transmitted and reflected beams of an ideally perfect beamsplitter. ...
... fabrication errors on a plane wave passing through the beamsplitter can be modeled as a series of these thin elements placed in the optical path of both the transmitted and reflected beams of an ideally perfect beamsplitter. ...
Design, fabrication and testing of microlens arrays for sensors and
... 3. Fabrication of refractive microlens arrays Many suitable manufacturing techniques for refractive microlens arrays have been developed [4]. A very promising technique is the reflow or resist-melting technique [5–7]. It uses solely standard semiconductor equipment and processes (resist coating, pho ...
... 3. Fabrication of refractive microlens arrays Many suitable manufacturing techniques for refractive microlens arrays have been developed [4]. A very promising technique is the reflow or resist-melting technique [5–7]. It uses solely standard semiconductor equipment and processes (resist coating, pho ...
Modeling Light Scattering in Tissue as Continuous Random Media
... the diffraction limit (about half the wavelength). Some very clever techniques have been developed to sidestep this issue, including STED, STORM, and other super resolution methods [1]. These methods enable imaging or reconstruction of extraordinary detail, but typically require contrast agents and ...
... the diffraction limit (about half the wavelength). Some very clever techniques have been developed to sidestep this issue, including STED, STORM, and other super resolution methods [1]. These methods enable imaging or reconstruction of extraordinary detail, but typically require contrast agents and ...
Practical aspects of Microscopy
... Microscopy is a field of investigation which is used to study objects which are too small to be easily viewed by the human eye. Viewing and studying objects that range in size from millimeters (1 mm = 10-3 meter) to nanometers (1 nm = 10-9 meter) intrigues everyone and is currently applied to every ...
... Microscopy is a field of investigation which is used to study objects which are too small to be easily viewed by the human eye. Viewing and studying objects that range in size from millimeters (1 mm = 10-3 meter) to nanometers (1 nm = 10-9 meter) intrigues everyone and is currently applied to every ...
An ultrafast reconfigurable nanophotonic switch using
... a coherent reshaping of the wavefront. Some losses in the inversion could be caused by nondeterministic or inelastic dephasing processes. We expect that in particular the effects of nonadiabatic modulation processes occuring on a time scale faster than the dwell time,32,33 or reciprocity breaking28 ...
... a coherent reshaping of the wavefront. Some losses in the inversion could be caused by nondeterministic or inelastic dephasing processes. We expect that in particular the effects of nonadiabatic modulation processes occuring on a time scale faster than the dwell time,32,33 or reciprocity breaking28 ...
Influence of clearing solutions osmolarity on the optical properties of
... including tissues and blood. Optical immersion is a rather effective method to decrease the scattering. This method is based on matching the refractive indices of scatterers and surrounding medium by administration of corresponding liquids in tissue. The light scattering of tissues can be decreased ...
... including tissues and blood. Optical immersion is a rather effective method to decrease the scattering. This method is based on matching the refractive indices of scatterers and surrounding medium by administration of corresponding liquids in tissue. The light scattering of tissues can be decreased ...
Optical properties scattering - IMT
... If it s random (perhaps due to random motion), then it s incoherent. Coherent constructive interference occurs for a reflected beam if the angle of incidence = the angle of reflection: qi = qr. ...
... If it s random (perhaps due to random motion), then it s incoherent. Coherent constructive interference occurs for a reflected beam if the angle of incidence = the angle of reflection: qi = qr. ...
A method for controlling the bandwidth of high-energy, few
... molecular absorption. In this way rapid relaxation or transient absorption processes can be investigated, using short-pulse lasers with the time resolutions lying in the femtosecond domain [3, 4]. Novel developments of the femtosecond laser technology have enabled it to become a powerful tool in the ...
... molecular absorption. In this way rapid relaxation or transient absorption processes can be investigated, using short-pulse lasers with the time resolutions lying in the femtosecond domain [3, 4]. Novel developments of the femtosecond laser technology have enabled it to become a powerful tool in the ...
Light scattering by multiple red blood cells
... the inverse-scattering problem of determining the internal structure of an object. In this paper it is applied in its simplest form to the scattering of a plane wave from objects in a homogeneous lossless medium. The method can be explained as follows: Consider an object that occupies the volume V. ...
... the inverse-scattering problem of determining the internal structure of an object. In this paper it is applied in its simplest form to the scattering of a plane wave from objects in a homogeneous lossless medium. The method can be explained as follows: Consider an object that occupies the volume V. ...
Anti-reflective coating
An antireflective or anti-reflection (AR) coating is a type of optical coating applied to the surface of lenses and other optical elements to reduce reflection. In typical imaging systems, this improves the efficiency since less light is lost. In complex systems such as a telescope, the reduction in reflections also improves the contrast of the image by elimination of stray light. This is especially important in planetary astronomy. In other applications, the primary benefit is the elimination of the reflection itself, such as a coating on eyeglass lenses that makes the eyes of the wearer more visible to others, or a coating to reduce the glint from a covert viewer's binoculars or telescopic sight.Many coatings consist of transparent thin film structures with alternating layers of contrasting refractive index. Layer thicknesses are chosen to produce destructive interference in the beams reflected from the interfaces, and constructive interference in the corresponding transmitted beams. This makes the structure's performance change with wavelength and incident angle, so that color effects often appear at oblique angles. A wavelength range must be specified when designing or ordering such coatings, but good performance can often be achieved for a relatively wide range of frequencies: usually a choice of IR, visible, or UV is offered.