Dispersion Compensation Using Tunable Chirped Apodized Far Off Resonance Fiber
... becomes linear and the modulation associated with the presence of side lobes is eliminated. The use of apodized FBGs (AFBGs) in transmission for dispersion compensation has several advantages over using them in reflection. To operate the grating in reflection requires in order realizing wavelength d ...
... becomes linear and the modulation associated with the presence of side lobes is eliminated. The use of apodized FBGs (AFBGs) in transmission for dispersion compensation has several advantages over using them in reflection. To operate the grating in reflection requires in order realizing wavelength d ...
labs for the photon/photon2 experiment kit
... We can learn a lot about a light source by studying its spectrum. For example, the spectrum of the sun is composed of a complete “rainbow” crossed by dark lines due to absorption of certain wavelengths by the sun’s atmosphere. An excited gas at low pressure produces an emission spectrum, bright line ...
... We can learn a lot about a light source by studying its spectrum. For example, the spectrum of the sun is composed of a complete “rainbow” crossed by dark lines due to absorption of certain wavelengths by the sun’s atmosphere. An excited gas at low pressure produces an emission spectrum, bright line ...
The American University in Cairo School of Science and Engineering
... plasmonic transmission line versus wavelength The metal strips and ground plane are Ag with permittivity according to Johnson and Christy [4]. The dielectric refractive index is 1.5. The structure dimensions are as follows: w = 100 nm, s = 100 nm, t = 100, and h = 100 nm. ........... 69 Fig. 24. Th ...
... plasmonic transmission line versus wavelength The metal strips and ground plane are Ag with permittivity according to Johnson and Christy [4]. The dielectric refractive index is 1.5. The structure dimensions are as follows: w = 100 nm, s = 100 nm, t = 100, and h = 100 nm. ........... 69 Fig. 24. Th ...
sensors Chemical Sensing Using Fiber Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
... The broadband ASE contribution may only be 10–6 of the light source intensity, but since it falls largely out of the FBG reflection range its contribution to the signal may be as large as the cavity signal that is nominally also attenuated to 10–6 of the incoming light, if the FBGs are 99.9% reflect ...
... The broadband ASE contribution may only be 10–6 of the light source intensity, but since it falls largely out of the FBG reflection range its contribution to the signal may be as large as the cavity signal that is nominally also attenuated to 10–6 of the incoming light, if the FBGs are 99.9% reflect ...
Particle sizing calibration with refractive index correction for light
... Particle sizing is only one aspect of the function of an OPC. The other is particle concentration measurement. Although this work does not deal directly with this aspect of calibration, it is useful to consider some of the problems which may be encountered with the data presented here. For a closed ...
... Particle sizing is only one aspect of the function of an OPC. The other is particle concentration measurement. Although this work does not deal directly with this aspect of calibration, it is useful to consider some of the problems which may be encountered with the data presented here. For a closed ...
Option C – Imaging
... The eye contains a lens that helps to focus the light. Manufactured lenses made of transparent materials (such as glass or plastic) use the effect shown in Figure 15.3 to focus light and form images. This usually involves light travelling from an object through air and then through a transparent len ...
... The eye contains a lens that helps to focus the light. Manufactured lenses made of transparent materials (such as glass or plastic) use the effect shown in Figure 15.3 to focus light and form images. This usually involves light travelling from an object through air and then through a transparent len ...
Ans: Optical Fiber Communication System
... A fiber consists of a single solid dielectric cylinder of radius V and refractive index n{ called as core of the fiber. The core is surrounded by a solid dielectric cladding with refractive index n2 that is less than n1 The variation of material composition of core give rise to the two commonly used ...
... A fiber consists of a single solid dielectric cylinder of radius V and refractive index n{ called as core of the fiber. The core is surrounded by a solid dielectric cladding with refractive index n2 that is less than n1 The variation of material composition of core give rise to the two commonly used ...
Wavelength Converter Technology
... e.g. [1]–[3]. Although the work on WDM network architectures is in the initial phase, it seems that for full flexibility it is very attractive to be able to translate the channel wavelengths in an easy way [4], [5]. This is motivated by the resulting capacity increase, easier failure recovery, and r ...
... e.g. [1]–[3]. Although the work on WDM network architectures is in the initial phase, it seems that for full flexibility it is very attractive to be able to translate the channel wavelengths in an easy way [4], [5]. This is motivated by the resulting capacity increase, easier failure recovery, and r ...
The Optics of the Spherical Fish Lens
... towards the centre that followed an approximately parabolic rule of the form: n (r) = X0,, - (NC,,, - Nctx). (r/R)* Typical values he reported are 1.336 for the eye media (Nmed), 1.38 for the cortical index (No), and 1.51 for the core index (IV,,,). Mattheissen used the concept of total index, which ...
... towards the centre that followed an approximately parabolic rule of the form: n (r) = X0,, - (NC,,, - Nctx). (r/R)* Typical values he reported are 1.336 for the eye media (Nmed), 1.38 for the cortical index (No), and 1.51 for the core index (IV,,,). Mattheissen used the concept of total index, which ...
On the influence of wind and waves on underwater
... body is small compared to the direct light beam and, furthermore, most of this scattered light is located very close to the initial light path because of the predominance of the forward scattering (Hieronymi, 2011). Thus, we neglect the diffuse light in our near-surface model (which is valid down to ...
... body is small compared to the direct light beam and, furthermore, most of this scattered light is located very close to the initial light path because of the predominance of the forward scattering (Hieronymi, 2011). Thus, we neglect the diffuse light in our near-surface model (which is valid down to ...
DESIGN, FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GUIDED
... an example a-Si film deposited on a 4-inch (100) Si wafer .............................................. 15 Figure 3-3 Surface roughness data as a function of annealing temperature. The solid line acts as a visual aid. ................................................................................. ...
... an example a-Si film deposited on a 4-inch (100) Si wafer .............................................. 15 Figure 3-3 Surface roughness data as a function of annealing temperature. The solid line acts as a visual aid. ................................................................................. ...
Nonlinear Optics Third Edition
... from seniors to advanced PhD students from disciplines that include optics, physics, chemistry, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and chemical engineering. This book could be used in graduate courses in the areas of nonlinear optics, quantum optics, quantum electronics, laser physics, ...
... from seniors to advanced PhD students from disciplines that include optics, physics, chemistry, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and chemical engineering. This book could be used in graduate courses in the areas of nonlinear optics, quantum optics, quantum electronics, laser physics, ...
J Comp Physiol A (1993) 173:143-149
... corresponds to the orientation of the retinae (Fig. lb) each containing about 220 photoreceptor cells (mean of two lateral ocelli). The extent of each visual field, both of the lateral and median ocelli as determined by our ERG-measurements (Figs. 5, 7) corresponds fairly closely to Cornwell's (1955 ...
... corresponds to the orientation of the retinae (Fig. lb) each containing about 220 photoreceptor cells (mean of two lateral ocelli). The extent of each visual field, both of the lateral and median ocelli as determined by our ERG-measurements (Figs. 5, 7) corresponds fairly closely to Cornwell's (1955 ...
Analysis of optical interferometric displacement detection in nanoelectromechanical systems
... which passes through the center of the nanomechanical beam. This is a valid approximation if l Ⰷ 2W0. For first generation NEMS, where l is several micrometers and 2W0 ⬇ 1 m, this approximation holds well.19 This approximation is expected be less accurate for large optical spot sizes or extremely s ...
... which passes through the center of the nanomechanical beam. This is a valid approximation if l Ⰷ 2W0. For first generation NEMS, where l is several micrometers and 2W0 ⬇ 1 m, this approximation holds well.19 This approximation is expected be less accurate for large optical spot sizes or extremely s ...
oltmanns-Diffraction and Interference
... happens when a wave goes through an opening close to its wavelength in size. The light then comes out at as a spread (Figure 1). As it spreads, it will become incoherent with the other part of the part of the beam that is going to the same point. If this is the case, then it becomes destructive and ...
... happens when a wave goes through an opening close to its wavelength in size. The light then comes out at as a spread (Figure 1). As it spreads, it will become incoherent with the other part of the part of the beam that is going to the same point. If this is the case, then it becomes destructive and ...
Design and fabrication of blazed binary diffractive - HAL
... enhanced for the mass production of integrated circuits. Artificial dielectric and metallic elements for control of surface reflection10 and for beam shaping11 were studied more than 30 years ago for operation in the microwave region of the spectrum. With the recent progress in nanofabrication techn ...
... enhanced for the mass production of integrated circuits. Artificial dielectric and metallic elements for control of surface reflection10 and for beam shaping11 were studied more than 30 years ago for operation in the microwave region of the spectrum. With the recent progress in nanofabrication techn ...
all-optical wavelength conversion based on four-wave
... cm. The required pump angle is related to the losses and the phase mismatches of the TE and TM modes. Since the phase mismatch varies with the signal wavelength, the required pump polarization angle also changes for different signal waves. Fortunately, the fluctuation of the pump angle for each sign ...
... cm. The required pump angle is related to the losses and the phase mismatches of the TE and TM modes. Since the phase mismatch varies with the signal wavelength, the required pump polarization angle also changes for different signal waves. Fortunately, the fluctuation of the pump angle for each sign ...
Anti-reflective coating
An antireflective or anti-reflection (AR) coating is a type of optical coating applied to the surface of lenses and other optical elements to reduce reflection. In typical imaging systems, this improves the efficiency since less light is lost. In complex systems such as a telescope, the reduction in reflections also improves the contrast of the image by elimination of stray light. This is especially important in planetary astronomy. In other applications, the primary benefit is the elimination of the reflection itself, such as a coating on eyeglass lenses that makes the eyes of the wearer more visible to others, or a coating to reduce the glint from a covert viewer's binoculars or telescopic sight.Many coatings consist of transparent thin film structures with alternating layers of contrasting refractive index. Layer thicknesses are chosen to produce destructive interference in the beams reflected from the interfaces, and constructive interference in the corresponding transmitted beams. This makes the structure's performance change with wavelength and incident angle, so that color effects often appear at oblique angles. A wavelength range must be specified when designing or ordering such coatings, but good performance can often be achieved for a relatively wide range of frequencies: usually a choice of IR, visible, or UV is offered.