Microscopes - Biozentrum
... performance microscopes, the optical configuration of the objective lens and eyepiece are matched to give the best possible optical performance. This occurs most commonly with apochromatic objectives. The objective lens - a cylinder containing one or more lenses, typically made of glass, to collect ...
... performance microscopes, the optical configuration of the objective lens and eyepiece are matched to give the best possible optical performance. This occurs most commonly with apochromatic objectives. The objective lens - a cylinder containing one or more lenses, typically made of glass, to collect ...
optical properties of biaxial minerals
... light rays vibrating perpendicular to each other have equal velocities, and have same RI’s, hence biaxial. RVS OF BIAXIAL CRYSTALS RVS is very complex double surface in 3-D (FIG. 7.1); so sections to this surface are studied initially. In biaxial crystals that belong to orthorhombic, monoclinic and ...
... light rays vibrating perpendicular to each other have equal velocities, and have same RI’s, hence biaxial. RVS OF BIAXIAL CRYSTALS RVS is very complex double surface in 3-D (FIG. 7.1); so sections to this surface are studied initially. In biaxial crystals that belong to orthorhombic, monoclinic and ...
The orbital angular momentum of light
... The first two terms on the right hand side of this equation correspond to the separate intensities of the reference and object waves. The final term on the right hand side is what contains information about the relative phase of the two beams. The way we retrieve this information is illustrated in t ...
... The first two terms on the right hand side of this equation correspond to the separate intensities of the reference and object waves. The final term on the right hand side is what contains information about the relative phase of the two beams. The way we retrieve this information is illustrated in t ...
Fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometer for
... A complete classification of OFS, and a broader description can be found in ref.[13]. ...
... A complete classification of OFS, and a broader description can be found in ref.[13]. ...
``Interaction-free`` imaging - Vienna Center for Quantum Science and
... of 90%! because both beams undergo the same spatial inversion at their respective mirrors. However, as for system 2, it is not possible to image exactly at the waist. The Michelson systems were investigated chiefly because of the perceived advantages of their relative ease of alignment. However, reg ...
... of 90%! because both beams undergo the same spatial inversion at their respective mirrors. However, as for system 2, it is not possible to image exactly at the waist. The Michelson systems were investigated chiefly because of the perceived advantages of their relative ease of alignment. However, reg ...
Development of a Total Internal Reflection Illumination System for
... receptor subunits on the cell membrane, and to determine the extent to which both subunits share the same distribution. This method will be discussed first; ultimately, it was not successful, so an alte ...
... receptor subunits on the cell membrane, and to determine the extent to which both subunits share the same distribution. This method will be discussed first; ultimately, it was not successful, so an alte ...
Electromagnetic forces in the vacuum region of laser
... speed-of-light eigenmode that carries a longitudinal wave. Second, the multilayer structure can be symmetric and be driven from both sides by laser beams, as shown in Figure 3(a). The evanescent modes inside the vacuum channel produce a field pattern that due to symmetry has a hyperbolic cosine or h ...
... speed-of-light eigenmode that carries a longitudinal wave. Second, the multilayer structure can be symmetric and be driven from both sides by laser beams, as shown in Figure 3(a). The evanescent modes inside the vacuum channel produce a field pattern that due to symmetry has a hyperbolic cosine or h ...
Light propagation in dry and wet softwood
... In this study we investigated the light propagation in softwood considering its microstructure. We assumed that the tracheids can be described by long cylinders, which are the main cause for the anisotropic light propagation. In addition, we assumed that the other scatterers in wood, for example the ...
... In this study we investigated the light propagation in softwood considering its microstructure. We assumed that the tracheids can be described by long cylinders, which are the main cause for the anisotropic light propagation. In addition, we assumed that the other scatterers in wood, for example the ...
Introduction to Optics
... The students will be encouraged to explore the function and the characteristics of optical prisms. Equipment: Optical table; light source; laser pointer and laser holder; prism; diaphragm; ...
... The students will be encouraged to explore the function and the characteristics of optical prisms. Equipment: Optical table; light source; laser pointer and laser holder; prism; diaphragm; ...
The Optics of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
... to determine tile image displacements completely. When the interferometer is a parallelogram there are two of these which cannot be adjusted independently of each other, and so one less fine adjustment is required. A section of the effects of imperfections of the optical elements follows. The source ...
... to determine tile image displacements completely. When the interferometer is a parallelogram there are two of these which cannot be adjusted independently of each other, and so one less fine adjustment is required. A section of the effects of imperfections of the optical elements follows. The source ...
lenses - Van Buren Public Schools
... you only have to know the paths of two rays from a point on the object, represented by the vertical arrow. Any point except for the point on the principal axis will work, but it is customary to choose a point at the tip of the arrow. The path of one refracted ray is known from the definition of the ...
... you only have to know the paths of two rays from a point on the object, represented by the vertical arrow. Any point except for the point on the principal axis will work, but it is customary to choose a point at the tip of the arrow. The path of one refracted ray is known from the definition of the ...
introductory practical physics ii - National Open University of Nigeria
... from side DC of the glass block. As you view these two pins, insert another set of two erect pins at points R and S such that the four pins fall on the same straight line. This occurs when the four pins move together in one direction (as you move your head or your eye from one side of line RS to the ...
... from side DC of the glass block. As you view these two pins, insert another set of two erect pins at points R and S such that the four pins fall on the same straight line. This occurs when the four pins move together in one direction (as you move your head or your eye from one side of line RS to the ...
D12 in docx
... electron-beam lithography plus stacking of several layers on the one hand (KIT and Bilkent) and inherently three-dimensional direct-laser-writing (DLW) optical lithography on the other hand (KIT). The previous status has been reported on in D10, which shall not be repeated here. Meanwhile it has bec ...
... electron-beam lithography plus stacking of several layers on the one hand (KIT and Bilkent) and inherently three-dimensional direct-laser-writing (DLW) optical lithography on the other hand (KIT). The previous status has been reported on in D10, which shall not be repeated here. Meanwhile it has bec ...
Focus Variation – a Robust Technology for High
... interferometry, confocal microscopy, chromatic probe microscopy, structured light techniques, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy [6]. However, also many optical techniques have their limitations when measuring certain surfaces. Optical techniques that have been typically used, ...
... interferometry, confocal microscopy, chromatic probe microscopy, structured light techniques, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy [6]. However, also many optical techniques have their limitations when measuring certain surfaces. Optical techniques that have been typically used, ...
Wavefront retrieval of amplified femtosecond
... The paper is organized as follows. In Sect. 2 we present a summary of some theoretical considerations of SHG that will be used throughout the paper as well as the fundamentals of proposed technique. The experimental setup arranged and used in our work is described in Sect. 3. Results of wavefront me ...
... The paper is organized as follows. In Sect. 2 we present a summary of some theoretical considerations of SHG that will be used throughout the paper as well as the fundamentals of proposed technique. The experimental setup arranged and used in our work is described in Sect. 3. Results of wavefront me ...
Production of photonic nanojets by using pupil
... cuboid lens focusing. Photonic nanojets produced by a pupilmasked 3D dielectric fused silica cuboid are numerically simulated under the irradiation of 532 nm wavelength plane wave. The modelling result shows that the pupil mask with a specific masking ratio (MR) makes photonic nanojets emitted by cu ...
... cuboid lens focusing. Photonic nanojets produced by a pupilmasked 3D dielectric fused silica cuboid are numerically simulated under the irradiation of 532 nm wavelength plane wave. The modelling result shows that the pupil mask with a specific masking ratio (MR) makes photonic nanojets emitted by cu ...
- sfo
... With standard optical fiber, at 1550 nm, a chirp-less source is required to achieve bit rates higher than 10 Gb/s. It is expected that fast and chirp-less modulation could be achieved by using a cw laser coupled into an external modulator based on a fast physical effect such as electro-absorption. In ...
... With standard optical fiber, at 1550 nm, a chirp-less source is required to achieve bit rates higher than 10 Gb/s. It is expected that fast and chirp-less modulation could be achieved by using a cw laser coupled into an external modulator based on a fast physical effect such as electro-absorption. In ...
feature article - Electrical and Computer Engineering
... B and C of Figure 4 show AFM images and line scan data taken from samples fabricated according Schemes 1 and 2, respectively. The AFM image in Figure 4B clearly shows that the colloids are predominately attached to the top surface of the PPA nanoparticles. This is confirmed by the AFM line scan (bot ...
... B and C of Figure 4 show AFM images and line scan data taken from samples fabricated according Schemes 1 and 2, respectively. The AFM image in Figure 4B clearly shows that the colloids are predominately attached to the top surface of the PPA nanoparticles. This is confirmed by the AFM line scan (bot ...
Measuring the Real Point Spread Function of High Numerical
... a gap between them was filled with immersion oil so as to eliminate reflection from the back surface of the coverslip. The size of the bead was carefully chosen experimentally in order to maximize the signal level without compromising the point-like behavior. Indeed, a control experiment using 40 nm ...
... a gap between them was filled with immersion oil so as to eliminate reflection from the back surface of the coverslip. The size of the bead was carefully chosen experimentally in order to maximize the signal level without compromising the point-like behavior. Indeed, a control experiment using 40 nm ...
Dispersion Compensation Using Tunable Chirped Apodized Far Off Resonance Fiber
... becomes linear and the modulation associated with the presence of side lobes is eliminated. The use of apodized FBGs (AFBGs) in transmission for dispersion compensation has several advantages over using them in reflection. To operate the grating in reflection requires in order realizing wavelength d ...
... becomes linear and the modulation associated with the presence of side lobes is eliminated. The use of apodized FBGs (AFBGs) in transmission for dispersion compensation has several advantages over using them in reflection. To operate the grating in reflection requires in order realizing wavelength d ...
Anti-reflective coating
An antireflective or anti-reflection (AR) coating is a type of optical coating applied to the surface of lenses and other optical elements to reduce reflection. In typical imaging systems, this improves the efficiency since less light is lost. In complex systems such as a telescope, the reduction in reflections also improves the contrast of the image by elimination of stray light. This is especially important in planetary astronomy. In other applications, the primary benefit is the elimination of the reflection itself, such as a coating on eyeglass lenses that makes the eyes of the wearer more visible to others, or a coating to reduce the glint from a covert viewer's binoculars or telescopic sight.Many coatings consist of transparent thin film structures with alternating layers of contrasting refractive index. Layer thicknesses are chosen to produce destructive interference in the beams reflected from the interfaces, and constructive interference in the corresponding transmitted beams. This makes the structure's performance change with wavelength and incident angle, so that color effects often appear at oblique angles. A wavelength range must be specified when designing or ordering such coatings, but good performance can often be achieved for a relatively wide range of frequencies: usually a choice of IR, visible, or UV is offered.