Biogeophysical effects of CO2 fertilization on global climate
... where physiological changes occur as a result of prescribed CO 2 emissions, but where CO 2 -induced greenhouse warming is not included. In our simulations, CO 2 fertilization produces warming; we obtain an annual- and global-mean warming of about 0.65 K (and land-only warming of 1.4 K) after 430 yr. ...
... where physiological changes occur as a result of prescribed CO 2 emissions, but where CO 2 -induced greenhouse warming is not included. In our simulations, CO 2 fertilization produces warming; we obtain an annual- and global-mean warming of about 0.65 K (and land-only warming of 1.4 K) after 430 yr. ...
Updated global carbon map
... The updated global carbon map improves upon the rather coarse data on soil carbon (IGBP‐DIS 2000) that were used in UNEP‐WCMC’s Carbon and biodiversity: a demonstration atlas (Kapos et al. 2008). It therefore provides a better tool for visualising the distribution of carbon stocks, which are dominat ...
... The updated global carbon map improves upon the rather coarse data on soil carbon (IGBP‐DIS 2000) that were used in UNEP‐WCMC’s Carbon and biodiversity: a demonstration atlas (Kapos et al. 2008). It therefore provides a better tool for visualising the distribution of carbon stocks, which are dominat ...
FACT SHEET - Save America`s Forests
... clearcutting, ending logging of old growth and roadless forests, and restoring continuous cover forests would increase the sequestration of carbon on public forests in the U.S. and significantly diminish the annual net U.S. CO2 emissions. DEFORESTATION IS A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ...
... clearcutting, ending logging of old growth and roadless forests, and restoring continuous cover forests would increase the sequestration of carbon on public forests in the U.S. and significantly diminish the annual net U.S. CO2 emissions. DEFORESTATION IS A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ...
Atmospheric Heat Fluxes and Restoration of Circumglobal
... Because of its temperature structure, there is very little convective motion in the stratosphere, and the air there is quite stable. This is particularly true in the tropics where the vertical movement of the radioactive cloud from nuclear explosions in the atmosphere was noticed to be less than 2 m ...
... Because of its temperature structure, there is very little convective motion in the stratosphere, and the air there is quite stable. This is particularly true in the tropics where the vertical movement of the radioactive cloud from nuclear explosions in the atmosphere was noticed to be less than 2 m ...
How Does Carbon Sequestration Affect the
... the long-term capture and storage of carbon from the atmosphere (typically carbon dioxide, CO2). Enhancing biological carbon sequestration in soil and plants is a promising method of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and combating climate change. Anthropogenic or human activities such as burni ...
... the long-term capture and storage of carbon from the atmosphere (typically carbon dioxide, CO2). Enhancing biological carbon sequestration in soil and plants is a promising method of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and combating climate change. Anthropogenic or human activities such as burni ...
Causes and effects of global warming
... cause natural carbon sinks to fail. A "carbon sink" is a natural system that stores carbon over thousands of years. Such sinks include peat bogs and the arctic tundra. But if these sinks destabilize, that carbon will be released, possibly causing an unstoppable and catastrophic warming of the Earth. ...
... cause natural carbon sinks to fail. A "carbon sink" is a natural system that stores carbon over thousands of years. Such sinks include peat bogs and the arctic tundra. But if these sinks destabilize, that carbon will be released, possibly causing an unstoppable and catastrophic warming of the Earth. ...
Climate change and its impact on ocean variability
... • Climate models show that the Earth’s climate system responds to changes in the MOC and suggest that this overturning might gradually decrease in transport in the 21st century as a consequence of anthropogenic warming and additional freshening in the North Atlantic. • However, observations of chang ...
... • Climate models show that the Earth’s climate system responds to changes in the MOC and suggest that this overturning might gradually decrease in transport in the 21st century as a consequence of anthropogenic warming and additional freshening in the North Atlantic. • However, observations of chang ...
Carbon Neutral Event
... Green Event - the Carbon Neutral and Eco-Friendly Event Any event is accompanied with the production and the consequent emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Despite the fact that an event does not allow much room for emissions reduction, there is still a way to act in a way to mitigate cl ...
... Green Event - the Carbon Neutral and Eco-Friendly Event Any event is accompanied with the production and the consequent emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Despite the fact that an event does not allow much room for emissions reduction, there is still a way to act in a way to mitigate cl ...
An Introduction to the Scottish Carbon Metric
... The SCM allows decisions about end of life choices to be made based on environmental impact as well as tonnage Why do we need it? Part of the drive to reduce Climate Change impacts and work towards a more efficient economy (Scotland Climate Change Act) Stern review: “Climate change is the greatest m ...
... The SCM allows decisions about end of life choices to be made based on environmental impact as well as tonnage Why do we need it? Part of the drive to reduce Climate Change impacts and work towards a more efficient economy (Scotland Climate Change Act) Stern review: “Climate change is the greatest m ...
Perils lurking in Permafrost By J. Gillis, New York Times/Standard
... frees up more and more ancient plant debris. "We expect increased thermokarst activity could be a very strong effect, but we don't really know," said Guido Grosse, a scientist at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Fire could be another accelerant of permafrost thaw. Historically, tundra, with its ...
... frees up more and more ancient plant debris. "We expect increased thermokarst activity could be a very strong effect, but we don't really know," said Guido Grosse, a scientist at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Fire could be another accelerant of permafrost thaw. Historically, tundra, with its ...
Ocean Science and Climate Change
... understanding our changing ocean, and their efforts and expertise are being coordinated by the Consortium of Canadian Ocean Research Universities (CCORU). Who is CCORU? The Consortium of Canadian Ocean Research Universities (CCORU) was formed in 2011 to coordinate ocean science research in universit ...
... understanding our changing ocean, and their efforts and expertise are being coordinated by the Consortium of Canadian Ocean Research Universities (CCORU). Who is CCORU? The Consortium of Canadian Ocean Research Universities (CCORU) was formed in 2011 to coordinate ocean science research in universit ...
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106
... spired, because community respiration (CR) in the ⬍3-m fraction remained low and apparently unaffected by temperature (Fig. 3B; P ⫽ 0.98). Instead, it is the respiration in the fraction ⬎3 m that responded positively to warming. A comparison of respiration rates in this larger-size fraction at the ...
... spired, because community respiration (CR) in the ⬍3-m fraction remained low and apparently unaffected by temperature (Fig. 3B; P ⫽ 0.98). Instead, it is the respiration in the fraction ⬎3 m that responded positively to warming. A comparison of respiration rates in this larger-size fraction at the ...
The Pacific Ocean: A Case for Coordinated Action (Preview)
... management of the Pacific Ocean It is vital that we move towards ecosystem-based management where multiple human threats are addressed within coherent, integrated strategies. The most fundamental need, as exemplified by the current and projected impacts on the Pacific and the millions of people who ...
... management of the Pacific Ocean It is vital that we move towards ecosystem-based management where multiple human threats are addressed within coherent, integrated strategies. The most fundamental need, as exemplified by the current and projected impacts on the Pacific and the millions of people who ...
accounting of carbon credit
... periodically checks whether emission reduction has actually taken place or not. Only after verification by DOE, CER’s are delivered. These certificates can be traded at designated markets called as Climate Exchange. ...
... periodically checks whether emission reduction has actually taken place or not. Only after verification by DOE, CER’s are delivered. These certificates can be traded at designated markets called as Climate Exchange. ...
Sequestration of Carbon Along Our Coasts: Important Sinks
... approximately 4 times estimates of tropical forest loss and with them we are losing a natural, very efficient carbon mitigation mechanism. Coastal pollution, development and aquaculture are all contributing to the loss of coastal ecosystems. [The annual loss of mangroves is the equivalent of losing ...
... approximately 4 times estimates of tropical forest loss and with them we are losing a natural, very efficient carbon mitigation mechanism. Coastal pollution, development and aquaculture are all contributing to the loss of coastal ecosystems. [The annual loss of mangroves is the equivalent of losing ...
Nampijja.pmd - Makerere University News Portal
... balance and depletion of carbon (C) storage in terrestrial ecosystem (Bhadwal and Singh, 2002). In the tropics, land use/cover change has also aggravated the situation in attenuating the effects of local wind patterns. It has been observed that the current rate of deforestation in the tropics excee ...
... balance and depletion of carbon (C) storage in terrestrial ecosystem (Bhadwal and Singh, 2002). In the tropics, land use/cover change has also aggravated the situation in attenuating the effects of local wind patterns. It has been observed that the current rate of deforestation in the tropics excee ...
Carbon Trading - Strom Thurmond Institute
... xacerbate global climate change which can affect sea levels, changes in ocean currents, and the earth’s warming and cooling. Among other things, these changes can affect the well well-being being of plant and animal life, the quality of food production, and the general al health of the population. T ...
... xacerbate global climate change which can affect sea levels, changes in ocean currents, and the earth’s warming and cooling. Among other things, these changes can affect the well well-being being of plant and animal life, the quality of food production, and the general al health of the population. T ...
FAQ 6.1 | Could Rapid Release of Methane and Carbon
... Siberian lakes. How much of this CH4 originates from decomposing organic carbon or from destabilizing hydrates is not known. There is also no evidence available to determine whether these sources have been stimulated by recent regional warming, or whether they have always existed—it may be possible ...
... Siberian lakes. How much of this CH4 originates from decomposing organic carbon or from destabilizing hydrates is not known. There is also no evidence available to determine whether these sources have been stimulated by recent regional warming, or whether they have always existed—it may be possible ...
Carbon `offset` - no magic solution to `neutralise` fossil fuel emissions
... Sadly, much as we’d all like a way to combat the ever worsening problem of climate change, and wonderful though trees are, they do not provide a magic solution which will allow us to go on mining and burning fossil fuels. Carbon ‘offset’ projects may salve our conscience but they won’t solve the pro ...
... Sadly, much as we’d all like a way to combat the ever worsening problem of climate change, and wonderful though trees are, they do not provide a magic solution which will allow us to go on mining and burning fossil fuels. Carbon ‘offset’ projects may salve our conscience but they won’t solve the pro ...
Hoegh-Guldberg and Bruno, 2010
... processes (28). In this regard, organisms tend to critical ocean processes to decline as temper(26). adapt to local environmental temperatures, with ature increases (33). Warming has also been found Effects on Ecosystem Function optimal physiological responses matching tem- to decrease the size of i ...
... processes (28). In this regard, organisms tend to critical ocean processes to decline as temper(26). adapt to local environmental temperatures, with ature increases (33). Warming has also been found Effects on Ecosystem Function optimal physiological responses matching tem- to decrease the size of i ...
Steinberg conducts zooplankton census
... zooplankton census is easier said than done. The fragility of these creatures makes them difficult to collect, while their small size hinders identification. The researchers must also work around storms, ship time, and funding. The plankton samples were collected during monthly cruises to the Bermud ...
... zooplankton census is easier said than done. The fragility of these creatures makes them difficult to collect, while their small size hinders identification. The researchers must also work around storms, ship time, and funding. The plankton samples were collected during monthly cruises to the Bermud ...
3 - Build credibility and increase market share Action
... * Fuels prices to be offset via reductions in fuel taxes for first 3 years NB - Due to free permits final cost impacts may vary Source: Carbon Planet ...
... * Fuels prices to be offset via reductions in fuel taxes for first 3 years NB - Due to free permits final cost impacts may vary Source: Carbon Planet ...
Aerosol concentrations and hurricanes over the
... Black carbon (BC) is very important because it absorbs visible light, heats the air, and contributes to global warming. BC emissions result from incomplete combustion of coal, biofuels, diesel engines, and biomass burning. Increasing population in India and China have caused an increase in BC emissi ...
... Black carbon (BC) is very important because it absorbs visible light, heats the air, and contributes to global warming. BC emissions result from incomplete combustion of coal, biofuels, diesel engines, and biomass burning. Increasing population in India and China have caused an increase in BC emissi ...
01_Some_Geoengineeri..
... basic scientific experiments showing that iron limits primary production in certain regions of the ocean. The approach-considered a form of "geoengineering"-is to induce phytoplankton blooms through iron addition, with the goal of producing organic particles that sink to the deep ocean, sequestering ...
... basic scientific experiments showing that iron limits primary production in certain regions of the ocean. The approach-considered a form of "geoengineering"-is to induce phytoplankton blooms through iron addition, with the goal of producing organic particles that sink to the deep ocean, sequestering ...
Iron fertilization
Iron fertilization is the intentional introduction of iron to the upper ocean to stimulate a phytoplankton bloom. This is intended to enhance biological productivity, which can benefit the marine food chain and is under investigation in hopes of increasing carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere. Iron is a trace element necessary for photosynthesis in all plants. It is highly insoluble in sea water and is often the limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth. Large algal blooms can be created by supplying iron to iron-deficient ocean waters.A number of ocean labs, scientists and businesses are exploring fertilization as a means to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide in the deep ocean, and to increase marine biological productivity which is likely in decline as a result of climate change. Since 1993, thirteen international research teams have completed ocean trials demonstrating that phytoplankton blooms can be stimulated by iron addition. However, controversy remains over the effectiveness of atmospheric CO2 sequestration and ecological effects. The most recent open ocean trials of ocean iron fertilization were in 2009 (January to March) in the South Atlantic by project Lohafex, and in July 2012 in the North Pacific off the coast of British Columbia, Canada, by the Haida Salmon Restoration Corporation (HSRC).Fertilization also occurs naturally when upwellings bring nutrient-rich water to the surface, as occurs when ocean currents meet an ocean bank or a sea mount. This form of fertilization produces the world's largest marine habitats. Fertilization can also occur when weather carries wind blown dust long distances over the ocean, or iron-rich minerals are carried into the ocean by glaciers, rivers and icebergs.