A mutation in the Zn-finger of the GAL4 homolog
... strategy outlined in Figure 1. The integrative plasmid pDL9 carrying a disrupted LAC9-1 sequence was targeted to the LAC9-2 locus by cleavage 3' to the LAC9 coding region. In Ura + Lac + transformants the LAC9-2 gene and the disrupted LAC9-1 gene were tandemly arranged separated by pBR322 vector seq ...
... strategy outlined in Figure 1. The integrative plasmid pDL9 carrying a disrupted LAC9-1 sequence was targeted to the LAC9-2 locus by cleavage 3' to the LAC9 coding region. In Ura + Lac + transformants the LAC9-2 gene and the disrupted LAC9-1 gene were tandemly arranged separated by pBR322 vector seq ...
ribbon drawing of the CAP dimer bound to DNA and the two cAMP
... CAP dimer with one bound cAMP bound DNA best (seen at 100 uM) and that at 10 mM cAMP two monomers bound cAMP and that decreased affinity for DNA. Steitz showed that it was likely that CAP bound 2 cAMPs at 100 uM and 4 cAMPs (perhaps ...
... CAP dimer with one bound cAMP bound DNA best (seen at 100 uM) and that at 10 mM cAMP two monomers bound cAMP and that decreased affinity for DNA. Steitz showed that it was likely that CAP bound 2 cAMPs at 100 uM and 4 cAMPs (perhaps ...
Chapter 5 part I
... determine whether the sequence is present. However, it did not provide the scale required to cope with the flood of sequences. ...
... determine whether the sequence is present. However, it did not provide the scale required to cope with the flood of sequences. ...
The Dynamic Genome: Transposable Elements
... at the original site. If, on the other hand, the transposable element excises from its original position and inserts into a new position, this is called conservative transposition. To test either mechanism, experiments must be designed so that both the “ o l d ” and “new” positions of the transposon ...
... at the original site. If, on the other hand, the transposable element excises from its original position and inserts into a new position, this is called conservative transposition. To test either mechanism, experiments must be designed so that both the “ o l d ” and “new” positions of the transposon ...
Chapter 11 - Evangel University
... • structural gene _________ codes for lactose permease • structural gene _________ codes for transacetylase • expression of these 3 structural genes is controlled by the regulatory gene ______ that codes for a repressor ...
... • structural gene _________ codes for lactose permease • structural gene _________ codes for transacetylase • expression of these 3 structural genes is controlled by the regulatory gene ______ that codes for a repressor ...
As Powerpoint Slide
... Fig.1 Effects of target gene overexpression on lycopene production by engineered E. coli . pACLYC04 contains the Erwinia herbicola crtE , crtB and crtI genes necessary for lycopene biosynthesis in E. coli . pBAD24 were used as vectors for dxs , idi , appY , rpoS , yjiD and ycgW expression. dxs : enc ...
... Fig.1 Effects of target gene overexpression on lycopene production by engineered E. coli . pACLYC04 contains the Erwinia herbicola crtE , crtB and crtI genes necessary for lycopene biosynthesis in E. coli . pBAD24 were used as vectors for dxs , idi , appY , rpoS , yjiD and ycgW expression. dxs : enc ...
Spr01Final Exam Answer Key
... constitutive phenotype? (2pts) Any mutation that inactivates the lacI gene 15.) What what is the most likely type of mutation would you expect to get that would produce an ara constitutive phenotype? (2pts) A specific (subtle) mutation that changes the conformation of AraC so it will bind the operat ...
... constitutive phenotype? (2pts) Any mutation that inactivates the lacI gene 15.) What what is the most likely type of mutation would you expect to get that would produce an ara constitutive phenotype? (2pts) A specific (subtle) mutation that changes the conformation of AraC so it will bind the operat ...
4-Carbohydrate metabolism
... Particularly important dietary carbohydrates include starch and disaccharides such as lactose and sucrose. None of these molecules can be absorbed for the simple reason that they cannot cross cell membranes, unlike the situation for monosaccharides, there are no transporters to carry them across. ...
... Particularly important dietary carbohydrates include starch and disaccharides such as lactose and sucrose. None of these molecules can be absorbed for the simple reason that they cannot cross cell membranes, unlike the situation for monosaccharides, there are no transporters to carry them across. ...
Secondary Drug Resistance Mutation of TEM-1
... Among the 90 TEM-1 natural isolates found to date, substitutions at residues that directly affect substrate binding and catalysis (R164, G238, and E104) or inhibitor binding (M69 and R244) are repeatedly found. M182T does not have a direct role in catalysis or substrate/inhibitor binding and is ne ...
... Among the 90 TEM-1 natural isolates found to date, substitutions at residues that directly affect substrate binding and catalysis (R164, G238, and E104) or inhibitor binding (M69 and R244) are repeatedly found. M182T does not have a direct role in catalysis or substrate/inhibitor binding and is ne ...
enzymes - charlestonbiology
... Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvic acid - involves many intermediates along the way Glucose is converted to intermediate 1 by enzyme 1 - this is irreversible Ensures levels of glucose stay low within a cell - allows more glucose to diffuse into the cell Intermediate 1 converting to intermediate ...
... Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvic acid - involves many intermediates along the way Glucose is converted to intermediate 1 by enzyme 1 - this is irreversible Ensures levels of glucose stay low within a cell - allows more glucose to diffuse into the cell Intermediate 1 converting to intermediate ...
Chem 352 - Fall 2014 - Exam II
... a. In a couple of sentences, describe the structure that forms spontaneously when phosphotidylcholine is mixed with water. Include in this description a mention of the intermolecular interactions that lead to the formation of this structure. Phospholipids, such as phosphotidylcholine, are highly am ...
... a. In a couple of sentences, describe the structure that forms spontaneously when phosphotidylcholine is mixed with water. Include in this description a mention of the intermolecular interactions that lead to the formation of this structure. Phospholipids, such as phosphotidylcholine, are highly am ...
- Career Point Kota
... (a) Unambiguous and Universal : Unambiguous : - The code is specific, i.e. one codon codes for only one amino acid. Universal : - The code is same in all organisms. (b) Degenerate and Initiator : Degenerate : - When an amino acid is coded by more than one codon, it is said to be degenerate. Initiato ...
... (a) Unambiguous and Universal : Unambiguous : - The code is specific, i.e. one codon codes for only one amino acid. Universal : - The code is same in all organisms. (b) Degenerate and Initiator : Degenerate : - When an amino acid is coded by more than one codon, it is said to be degenerate. Initiato ...
Bio 313 worksheet 14 - Iowa State University
... 19. Diagram 3’ cleavage and polyadenylation. Include the consensus sequence. Do this in 4 steps with the first step being the DNA molecule. Second step being the primary transcript ...
... 19. Diagram 3’ cleavage and polyadenylation. Include the consensus sequence. Do this in 4 steps with the first step being the DNA molecule. Second step being the primary transcript ...
Chapter 17 Transcriptional Regulation In Eukaryotes
... 1)nucleosome & their modifiers needed 2)more regulators and more extensive regulatory sequences ...
... 1)nucleosome & their modifiers needed 2)more regulators and more extensive regulatory sequences ...
Pglo and Grizz Pharmaceuticals labs introduction
... What is the purpose of the –DNA LB plate? Which plates should be compared to determine if the bacteria have acquired the amp resistance gene? Which plates should be compared to demonstrate that arabinose is required for the expression of the GFP gene? Which plate is the control for the + DNA LB/amp/ ...
... What is the purpose of the –DNA LB plate? Which plates should be compared to determine if the bacteria have acquired the amp resistance gene? Which plates should be compared to demonstrate that arabinose is required for the expression of the GFP gene? Which plate is the control for the + DNA LB/amp/ ...
Construction and Characterization of a Highly Regulable Expression
... is observed when glucose is the main carbon source because very little c-AMP is present and thus low amounts of c-AMP-activated CAP protein are available. When poor carbon sources such as lactose or glycerol are used, c-AMP levels rise, large amounts of c-AMP-activated CAP protein become available, ...
... is observed when glucose is the main carbon source because very little c-AMP is present and thus low amounts of c-AMP-activated CAP protein are available. When poor carbon sources such as lactose or glycerol are used, c-AMP levels rise, large amounts of c-AMP-activated CAP protein become available, ...
Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
... Hormones exert many of their effects by forming transcription factors. The complexes of hormones with their receptor represent one class of transcription factor. Hormone "response elements", to which the complex binds, arepromoter sites. Link to a discussion of these. Embryonic development requires ...
... Hormones exert many of their effects by forming transcription factors. The complexes of hormones with their receptor represent one class of transcription factor. Hormone "response elements", to which the complex binds, arepromoter sites. Link to a discussion of these. Embryonic development requires ...
Regulation of Gene Expression
... 2) DNA bending brings the bound activators closer to the promoter. Other transcription factors and RNA polymerase are nearby. 3) Protein-binding domains on the activators attach to certain transcription factors and help them form an active transcription initiation complex on the promoter. ...
... 2) DNA bending brings the bound activators closer to the promoter. Other transcription factors and RNA polymerase are nearby. 3) Protein-binding domains on the activators attach to certain transcription factors and help them form an active transcription initiation complex on the promoter. ...
Recombinant Expression of PDI in E. coli
... • Benzoase Nuclease ( degrades all forms of DNA and RNA) • rLysozyme (contains lysozyme used for lysis of gram negative bacteria like E. coli.) • Incubate with shaking for 10-20 min at RT. • Centrifuge to pellet • Collect supernatant. ...
... • Benzoase Nuclease ( degrades all forms of DNA and RNA) • rLysozyme (contains lysozyme used for lysis of gram negative bacteria like E. coli.) • Incubate with shaking for 10-20 min at RT. • Centrifuge to pellet • Collect supernatant. ...
Protein Utilization in Bacteria
... glycosidic bond; bacteria that can utilize lactose produce lactase or beta-galactosidase to cleave the glycosidic bond; the resulting simple sugars, glucose and galactose are transported into the cell’s cytoplasm and metabolized. Therefore, bacteria that ferment lactose can also ferment glucose; how ...
... glycosidic bond; bacteria that can utilize lactose produce lactase or beta-galactosidase to cleave the glycosidic bond; the resulting simple sugars, glucose and galactose are transported into the cell’s cytoplasm and metabolized. Therefore, bacteria that ferment lactose can also ferment glucose; how ...
9.4 DNA-Binding Proteins
... • Specificity of binding between protein and specific stretch of DNA relates to: – Specific interactions between bases and amino acids – Ability of DNA to assume shape that directly relates to DNA’s base sequence ...
... • Specificity of binding between protein and specific stretch of DNA relates to: – Specific interactions between bases and amino acids – Ability of DNA to assume shape that directly relates to DNA’s base sequence ...
Document
... Levels of control of gene expression Short term control (to meet the daily needs of the organism) Long term control (gene regulation in development/differentiation) ...
... Levels of control of gene expression Short term control (to meet the daily needs of the organism) Long term control (gene regulation in development/differentiation) ...
04/03
... Both enhancers and silencers affect transcription rate. Each has unique DNA sequence for the binding of regulatory proteins. Enhancer sequences contain multiple binding sites for trans-acting regulatory proteins. Enhancers could be located upstream from the promoter, downstream from the gene, or eve ...
... Both enhancers and silencers affect transcription rate. Each has unique DNA sequence for the binding of regulatory proteins. Enhancer sequences contain multiple binding sites for trans-acting regulatory proteins. Enhancers could be located upstream from the promoter, downstream from the gene, or eve ...
pGLO™ Transformation and Purification of Green Fluorescent
... across surface of Petri Dish • Don’t ever dig or penetrate surface of agar. – This would allow colonies to go “underground” • Spread in multiple directions ...
... across surface of Petri Dish • Don’t ever dig or penetrate surface of agar. – This would allow colonies to go “underground” • Spread in multiple directions ...
Lac operon
lac operon (lactose operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in Escherichia coli and many other enteric bacteria. Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is not available. Gene regulation of the lac operon was the first genetic regulatory mechanism to be understood clearly, so it has become a foremost example of prokaryotic gene regulation. It is often discussed in introductory molecular and cellular biology classes at universities for this reason.Bacterial operons are polycistronic transcripts that are able to produce multiple proteins from one mRNA transcript. In this case, when lactose is required as a sugar source for the bacterium, the three genes of the lac operon can be expressed and their subsequent proteins translated: lacZ, lacY, and lacA. The gene product of lacZ is β-galactosidase which cleaves lactose, a disaccharide, into glucose and galactose. LacY encodes lactose permease, a protein which becomes embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane to enable transport of lactose into the cell. Finally, lacA encodes galactoside O-acetyltransferase. Layout of the lac operon.It would be wasteful to produce the enzymes when there is no lactose available or if there is a more preferable energy source available, such as glucose. The lac operon uses a two-part control mechanism to ensure that the cell expends energy producing the enzymes encoded by the lac operon only when necessary. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor halts production of the enzymes encoded by the lac operon. In the presence of glucose, the catabolite activator protein (CAP), required for production of the enzymes, remains inactive, and EIIAGlc shuts down lactose permease to prevent transport of lactose into the cell. This dual control mechanism causes the sequential utilization of glucose and lactose in two distinct growth phases, known as diauxie.