The Cell Cycle
... cycle, dividing, and cycling again. This method assures survival of these species, which are in constant competition against other microorganisms for nutrient resources, and favorable environmen tal conditions. For more advanced, multicellular organisms, such as vertebrates, complex signals are requ ...
... cycle, dividing, and cycling again. This method assures survival of these species, which are in constant competition against other microorganisms for nutrient resources, and favorable environmen tal conditions. For more advanced, multicellular organisms, such as vertebrates, complex signals are requ ...
Distributed Processing of Sensory Information
... The criteria for identifying an LB1 indicated that the input and output connections of a given intemeuron are sufficient to contribute to motor output, but they do not demonstrate that the intemeuron makes a necessary contribution to motor output. Therefore, 2 types of necessity tests were performed ...
... The criteria for identifying an LB1 indicated that the input and output connections of a given intemeuron are sufficient to contribute to motor output, but they do not demonstrate that the intemeuron makes a necessary contribution to motor output. Therefore, 2 types of necessity tests were performed ...
Science Quarter 4 Lessons
... The content statements for sixth-grade life science are each partial components of a larger concept. The parts have been isolated to call attention to the depth of knowledge required to build to one of biology's important foundational theories: Modern Cell Theory. It is recommended that the content ...
... The content statements for sixth-grade life science are each partial components of a larger concept. The parts have been isolated to call attention to the depth of knowledge required to build to one of biology's important foundational theories: Modern Cell Theory. It is recommended that the content ...
Intercellular adhesion and cell separation in plants
... Why do epidermal cells not adhere on contact? When two leaves or stems of the same plant come into chance contact they do not fuse, but remain distinct. Likewise pollen tubes that germinate on an epidermal surface other than the stigma do not interact with it. However during flower formation in many ...
... Why do epidermal cells not adhere on contact? When two leaves or stems of the same plant come into chance contact they do not fuse, but remain distinct. Likewise pollen tubes that germinate on an epidermal surface other than the stigma do not interact with it. However during flower formation in many ...
A conditional mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana
... environment by producing new organs with appropriate modifications. Plants develop, post-embryonically, from groups of pluripotent cells called meristems. A meristem generates cells that will acquire mature functions while simultaneously maintaining a population of proliferating cells. Conceptually, ...
... environment by producing new organs with appropriate modifications. Plants develop, post-embryonically, from groups of pluripotent cells called meristems. A meristem generates cells that will acquire mature functions while simultaneously maintaining a population of proliferating cells. Conceptually, ...
vilnius university
... complicated. A central role for c-Jun regulation in the response to stress is assumed for JNK although the recent data suggest a more significant role of other kinases. There is evidence about involvement of ERK and p38 MAP kinases in the regulation of c-Jun expression and activity. In many systems ...
... complicated. A central role for c-Jun regulation in the response to stress is assumed for JNK although the recent data suggest a more significant role of other kinases. There is evidence about involvement of ERK and p38 MAP kinases in the regulation of c-Jun expression and activity. In many systems ...
pdf: Wu et al. 2010
... environment by producing new organs with appropriate modifications. Plants develop, post-embryonically, from groups of pluripotent cells called meristems. A meristem generates cells that will acquire mature functions while simultaneously maintaining a population of proliferating cells. Conceptually, ...
... environment by producing new organs with appropriate modifications. Plants develop, post-embryonically, from groups of pluripotent cells called meristems. A meristem generates cells that will acquire mature functions while simultaneously maintaining a population of proliferating cells. Conceptually, ...
Atg18 function in autophagy is regulated by specific sites within its b
... et al., 2009; Ravid and Hochstrasser, 2008). Autophagy is characterized by the formation of double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes, which sequester and deliver cytoplasmic structures into the mammalian lysosomes or the yeast and plant vacuoles (Klionsky, 2007). The resulting degradation prod ...
... et al., 2009; Ravid and Hochstrasser, 2008). Autophagy is characterized by the formation of double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes, which sequester and deliver cytoplasmic structures into the mammalian lysosomes or the yeast and plant vacuoles (Klionsky, 2007). The resulting degradation prod ...
Neurogenesis in Postnatal Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia
... (5–7 M) completely blocked the inward currents in only 1 of the 2 cells tested (Fig. 3c). We next studied whether there was evidence of neurogenesis in a serum- and NGF-containing culture medium. This was undertaken for two reasons. First, in vivo, DRG are exposed to blood-borne elements (see 10) a ...
... (5–7 M) completely blocked the inward currents in only 1 of the 2 cells tested (Fig. 3c). We next studied whether there was evidence of neurogenesis in a serum- and NGF-containing culture medium. This was undertaken for two reasons. First, in vivo, DRG are exposed to blood-borne elements (see 10) a ...
Asymmetric Cell Divisions in the Early Embryo of the Leech
... This chapter summarizes our current understanding of unequal cell divisions in the development of the leech, Helobdella robusta, within the larger context of comparative studies of development and evolution. The general rationale for studying Helobdella is as follows. To understand the evolutionary ...
... This chapter summarizes our current understanding of unequal cell divisions in the development of the leech, Helobdella robusta, within the larger context of comparative studies of development and evolution. The general rationale for studying Helobdella is as follows. To understand the evolutionary ...
Neurotoxin-induced degeneration of dopamine neurons
... MPP! (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium), are selectively accumulated by dopamine neurons through preynaptic dopamine transporters (DATs), causing an increase in reactive oxygen species and!or mitochondrial dysfunction, and that may thereby induce neuritic damage and cell death (9–11). 6-OHDA is particula ...
... MPP! (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium), are selectively accumulated by dopamine neurons through preynaptic dopamine transporters (DATs), causing an increase in reactive oxygen species and!or mitochondrial dysfunction, and that may thereby induce neuritic damage and cell death (9–11). 6-OHDA is particula ...
Cytoskeleton-Plasma Membrane-Cell Wall
... and Gunning, 2000). In contrast, most animal and human cells are truly “naked” and interact with the ECM in its vicinity that is often produced by other cells, occasionally at discrete domains known as focal adhesions (Critchley, 2000) or tight/adherens junctions and desmosomes in the case of cell-t ...
... and Gunning, 2000). In contrast, most animal and human cells are truly “naked” and interact with the ECM in its vicinity that is often produced by other cells, occasionally at discrete domains known as focal adhesions (Critchley, 2000) or tight/adherens junctions and desmosomes in the case of cell-t ...
LIFEPAC® 10th Grade Science Unit 8 Worktext - HomeSchool
... possessing chromosomes is mitosis, but there is another type of cell division. It is meiosis. Meiosis, a nuclear and cell division process, is highly limited in cell type and time of occurrence. In contrast to mitosis, meiosis is a reduction division. The daughter cells produced in a reduction divis ...
... possessing chromosomes is mitosis, but there is another type of cell division. It is meiosis. Meiosis, a nuclear and cell division process, is highly limited in cell type and time of occurrence. In contrast to mitosis, meiosis is a reduction division. The daughter cells produced in a reduction divis ...
Engineering amount of cell–cell contact demonstrates biphasic
... Substrates used to pattern groups of one to four cells via dielectrophoresis were embedded with arrays of 3 μm electrodes, designed to trap one cell per electrode, as previously described [19]. To increase adhesion between the substrates and the agarose, substrates were coated with an amino function ...
... Substrates used to pattern groups of one to four cells via dielectrophoresis were embedded with arrays of 3 μm electrodes, designed to trap one cell per electrode, as previously described [19]. To increase adhesion between the substrates and the agarose, substrates were coated with an amino function ...
Constructing a Plant Cell. The Genetic Control of Root Hair
... members of the Brassicaceae family generates a distinct position-dependent pattern of cell types. Immature epidermal cells located over the intercellular space between underlying cortical cells (outside an anticlinal cortical cell wall; designated the H-cell position) develop into root hair cells, w ...
... members of the Brassicaceae family generates a distinct position-dependent pattern of cell types. Immature epidermal cells located over the intercellular space between underlying cortical cells (outside an anticlinal cortical cell wall; designated the H-cell position) develop into root hair cells, w ...
Measuring the mechanical properties of plant cells by combining
... Growth in plants results from the interaction between genetic and signalling networks and the mechanical properties of cells and tissues. There has been a recent resurgence in research directed at understanding the mechanical aspects of growth, and their feedback on genetic regulation. This has been ...
... Growth in plants results from the interaction between genetic and signalling networks and the mechanical properties of cells and tissues. There has been a recent resurgence in research directed at understanding the mechanical aspects of growth, and their feedback on genetic regulation. This has been ...
the ask1-map kinase cascades in mammalian stress response
... Oxidative Stress and ASK1 interacting Proteins ROS --- super oxide and H2O2 produced through cellular processes or derived from exogenous sources play imp role in normal cell-proliferation, survival and immune response. Excessive Production of ROS causes: Severe damage to cellular components. ...
... Oxidative Stress and ASK1 interacting Proteins ROS --- super oxide and H2O2 produced through cellular processes or derived from exogenous sources play imp role in normal cell-proliferation, survival and immune response. Excessive Production of ROS causes: Severe damage to cellular components. ...
The Arabidopsis SPIKE1 Gene Is Required for Normal Cell Shape
... of polarized tip growth in pollen tubes (Mascarenhas and LaFountain, 1972; Heslop-Harrison et al., 1986; Gibbon et al., 1999; Fu et al., 2001). Much of leaf and cotton trichome growth is caused by polarized diffuse growth, and the resulting pharmacological sensitivities are quite different from thos ...
... of polarized tip growth in pollen tubes (Mascarenhas and LaFountain, 1972; Heslop-Harrison et al., 1986; Gibbon et al., 1999; Fu et al., 2001). Much of leaf and cotton trichome growth is caused by polarized diffuse growth, and the resulting pharmacological sensitivities are quite different from thos ...
PDF
... cortical component of the mother cell (for example, produces daughter cells, AB and CD, that are unequal by Conklin, 1905; Boveri, 1910; Spemann, 1938; Shimizu, three criteria. Cell CD is larger than cell AB, it inherits 1982a, b; Milhausen and Agabian, 1983; Gober et cd, essentially all of the telo ...
... cortical component of the mother cell (for example, produces daughter cells, AB and CD, that are unequal by Conklin, 1905; Boveri, 1910; Spemann, 1938; Shimizu, three criteria. Cell CD is larger than cell AB, it inherits 1982a, b; Milhausen and Agabian, 1983; Gober et cd, essentially all of the telo ...
Bridging the divide between cytokinesis and cell
... and Sebastian Y Bednarek Two of the most fundamental processes in plant development are cytokinesis, by which new cells are formed, and cell expansion, by which existing cells grow and establish their functional morphology. In this review we summarize recent progress in understanding the pathways ne ...
... and Sebastian Y Bednarek Two of the most fundamental processes in plant development are cytokinesis, by which new cells are formed, and cell expansion, by which existing cells grow and establish their functional morphology. In this review we summarize recent progress in understanding the pathways ne ...
Arabidopsis R-SNARE Proteins VAMP721 and VAMP722 Are
... AtCDC48 has been proposed, as AtCDC48 specifically interacts with SYP31 but not with KNOLLE in vitro-binding assay in spite of the colocalization at cell-division plane between SYP31 or AtCDC48 and KNOLLE [17]. To date, only NPSN11, one RSNARE candidate for cell-plate membrane fusion machinery, has ...
... AtCDC48 has been proposed, as AtCDC48 specifically interacts with SYP31 but not with KNOLLE in vitro-binding assay in spite of the colocalization at cell-division plane between SYP31 or AtCDC48 and KNOLLE [17]. To date, only NPSN11, one RSNARE candidate for cell-plate membrane fusion machinery, has ...
Cryopreservation of Cultured Plant Cells
... Comparative studies of different cryogenic techniques revealed that slow prefreezing is generally appropriate for cryopreservation of undifferentiated cell cultures. Gazeau et al. (1998) demonstrated that cultured Papaver somniferum cells were efficiently cryopreserved by slow prefreezing. Slow pref ...
... Comparative studies of different cryogenic techniques revealed that slow prefreezing is generally appropriate for cryopreservation of undifferentiated cell cultures. Gazeau et al. (1998) demonstrated that cultured Papaver somniferum cells were efficiently cryopreserved by slow prefreezing. Slow pref ...
Bacillus globigii cell size is influenced by
... alanine will hamper the entrance of EDF peptides into the cell, resulting in loss of activity. The effects that we have found with B. globigii are however in concentrations that are more than a thousand times higher than the effect found by Kolodkin-Gal et al. (2007). This indicates that the effects ...
... alanine will hamper the entrance of EDF peptides into the cell, resulting in loss of activity. The effects that we have found with B. globigii are however in concentrations that are more than a thousand times higher than the effect found by Kolodkin-Gal et al. (2007). This indicates that the effects ...
Stimulation of taxol production by combined salicylic acid elicitation and... Taxus baccata Ayatollah Rezaei
... fold at 25 mg/L and 6.6-fold at 50 mg/L that of the control culture. The treatment of cells with US had significant effect on taxol production. The extracellular taxol was more affected by US application to cell suspension cultures compared to cell-associated taxol. This means that the release of t ...
... fold at 25 mg/L and 6.6-fold at 50 mg/L that of the control culture. The treatment of cells with US had significant effect on taxol production. The extracellular taxol was more affected by US application to cell suspension cultures compared to cell-associated taxol. This means that the release of t ...
The F8H Glycosyltransferase is a Functional Paralog of FRA8
... expression level in various organs and laser-microdissected cells from the inflorescence stems. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that F8H was expressed in all organs examined, albeit at different levels (Fig. 1C), and it was highly expressed in the xylem cells but not in the pith and interf ...
... expression level in various organs and laser-microdissected cells from the inflorescence stems. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that F8H was expressed in all organs examined, albeit at different levels (Fig. 1C), and it was highly expressed in the xylem cells but not in the pith and interf ...
Programmed cell death
Programmed cell-death (or PCD) is death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program. PCD is carried out in a regulated process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's life-cycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the fingers apoptose; the result is that the digits are separate. PCD serves fundamental functions during both plant and metazoa (multicellular animals) tissue development.Apoptosis and autophagy are both forms of programmed cell death, but necrosis is a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury.Necrosis is the death of a cell caused by external factors such as trauma or infection and occurs in several different forms. Recently a form of programmed necrosis, called necroptosis, has been recognized as an alternate form of programmed cell death. It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations.