ENZYME: an essential catalyst
... conserve and transform chemical energy, and make biological macromolecules from simple precursors. 1. Organic Nature: Enzymes are in general globular proteins and range from just 62 amino acid residues in size, for the monomer of 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase, to over 2,500 residues in the animal fat ...
... conserve and transform chemical energy, and make biological macromolecules from simple precursors. 1. Organic Nature: Enzymes are in general globular proteins and range from just 62 amino acid residues in size, for the monomer of 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase, to over 2,500 residues in the animal fat ...
Lophophorata SP
... cilia on the inner edge of the tentacle are the frontal cilia. Their responsibility is to move captured food toward the mouth Food particles are retained inside the cone and then moved to the mouth by the frontal cilia. Digestive System The largest and most obvious organ system is the digestive syst ...
... cilia on the inner edge of the tentacle are the frontal cilia. Their responsibility is to move captured food toward the mouth Food particles are retained inside the cone and then moved to the mouth by the frontal cilia. Digestive System The largest and most obvious organ system is the digestive syst ...
Equine masticatory organ Part III
... assume spindle-like shapes which supports the rostal–caudal theory of bur-like action. During successive chewing cycles the chewing surfaces are constantly replaced by coronary reserve. Thus the teeth are termed as “constantly growing” – hypselodontic, until complete protrusion of the tooth occurs [ ...
... assume spindle-like shapes which supports the rostal–caudal theory of bur-like action. During successive chewing cycles the chewing surfaces are constantly replaced by coronary reserve. Thus the teeth are termed as “constantly growing” – hypselodontic, until complete protrusion of the tooth occurs [ ...
ANATOMY – Cranial Nerves
... Nerve to which the submandibular ganglion is attached. Type of nerve fibers which originate from the solitary tract nucleus. Salivary gland which receives parasympathetic innervation from the glossopharyngeal nerve. One of the two muscles innervated by the accessory cranial nerve. Type of hemianopia ...
... Nerve to which the submandibular ganglion is attached. Type of nerve fibers which originate from the solitary tract nucleus. Salivary gland which receives parasympathetic innervation from the glossopharyngeal nerve. One of the two muscles innervated by the accessory cranial nerve. Type of hemianopia ...
Vitamins B6 and B12 (Final).
... 3. Depression Severe deficiency involves: 1. Peripheral neuropathy 2. Convulsions ...
... 3. Depression Severe deficiency involves: 1. Peripheral neuropathy 2. Convulsions ...
CLINICAL NOTES REQUIRED FOR CAT3
... TEF is the most common anomaly of the lower respiratory tract. Four main varieties of TEF may develop (see Fig. 10-5). The usual anomaly is for the superior part of the esophagus to end blindly (esophageal atresia) and for the inferior part to join the trachea near its bifurcation (see Figs. 10-5A a ...
... TEF is the most common anomaly of the lower respiratory tract. Four main varieties of TEF may develop (see Fig. 10-5). The usual anomaly is for the superior part of the esophagus to end blindly (esophageal atresia) and for the inferior part to join the trachea near its bifurcation (see Figs. 10-5A a ...
THORACIC & WALL - University of Kansas Medical Center
... Superior border of the pectoralis major. Middle third of the clavicle. ...
... Superior border of the pectoralis major. Middle third of the clavicle. ...
The tongue, mandible, hyoid system
... tongue, mandible, hyoid system is functionally arranged as follows: From the apophysis geni superior there is the origin of the genioglossus, from the inferior the geniohyoid muscle, the first an intrinsic tongue muscle the latter that inserts distally on the hyoid bone. We also have the insertions ...
... tongue, mandible, hyoid system is functionally arranged as follows: From the apophysis geni superior there is the origin of the genioglossus, from the inferior the geniohyoid muscle, the first an intrinsic tongue muscle the latter that inserts distally on the hyoid bone. We also have the insertions ...
Arteries to the Neck, Head, and Brain
... – short vessels that branch off the subclavian arteries – give off branches to the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and pharynx ...
... – short vessels that branch off the subclavian arteries – give off branches to the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and pharynx ...
The Cell, 5e
... • Describe formation, degradation of glycogen • Describe essentials of other sugar metabolism: ...
... • Describe formation, degradation of glycogen • Describe essentials of other sugar metabolism: ...
Acetyl-CoA
... is very low.﹤0.5mmol/L. Under some pathological condition (such as diabetes), the synthesis is faster than utilization, so the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood is high, (up to 20mmol/L) which is called as ketonemia ( 酮 血 症 ), and they may be excreted in the urine, which is called as keton ...
... is very low.﹤0.5mmol/L. Under some pathological condition (such as diabetes), the synthesis is faster than utilization, so the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood is high, (up to 20mmol/L) which is called as ketonemia ( 酮 血 症 ), and they may be excreted in the urine, which is called as keton ...
Document
... linked to immunoglobulins, or macro-AST • The typical findings are a persistent increase of serum AST activity in an asymptomatic subiect, with the absence of any demonstrable pathology in organs rich in AS • The increased AST activity might reflect decreased clearance of the abnormal complex from p ...
... linked to immunoglobulins, or macro-AST • The typical findings are a persistent increase of serum AST activity in an asymptomatic subiect, with the absence of any demonstrable pathology in organs rich in AS • The increased AST activity might reflect decreased clearance of the abnormal complex from p ...
diaphragm
... Openings in the diaphragm • Aortic hiatus－lies anterior to the body of the 12th thoracic vertebra between the crura. It transmits the aorta, thoracic duct,azygous vein. • Esophageal hiatus －lies at level of T10 vertebra.It transmits esophagus and vagus nerves,esophageal branches of left gastric art ...
... Openings in the diaphragm • Aortic hiatus－lies anterior to the body of the 12th thoracic vertebra between the crura. It transmits the aorta, thoracic duct,azygous vein. • Esophageal hiatus －lies at level of T10 vertebra.It transmits esophagus and vagus nerves,esophageal branches of left gastric art ...
BDS Ist YEAR EXAMINATION 2008-09
... of face as sphincters and dilators d) Facial nerve supplies motor as well as proprioceptive fibres to these muscles e) They are developed from second pharyngeal arch ...
... of face as sphincters and dilators d) Facial nerve supplies motor as well as proprioceptive fibres to these muscles e) They are developed from second pharyngeal arch ...
SESSION 11 - Posterior Mediastinum, Diaphragm, Thoracic Wall
... 30. Which two ribs do not have a synovial joint on their transverse processes? ...
... 30. Which two ribs do not have a synovial joint on their transverse processes? ...
Taste Bud and Its Function
... sensations, respectively, the receptor proteins open specific ion channels in the apical membranes of the taste cells, thereby activating the receptors. However, for the sweet and bitter taste sensations,the portions of the receptor protein molecules that protrude through the apical membranes activa ...
... sensations, respectively, the receptor proteins open specific ion channels in the apical membranes of the taste cells, thereby activating the receptors. However, for the sweet and bitter taste sensations,the portions of the receptor protein molecules that protrude through the apical membranes activa ...
Anatomy, Physiology and Immunology of the Pharynx
... Normal swallowing requires a coordinated interaction of various anatomic structures in the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. From a functional standpoint, the voluntarily initiated oral phase of swallowing is distinguished from an “involuntary” pharyngeal phase and esophageal phase, which ...
... Normal swallowing requires a coordinated interaction of various anatomic structures in the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. From a functional standpoint, the voluntarily initiated oral phase of swallowing is distinguished from an “involuntary” pharyngeal phase and esophageal phase, which ...
14. parotid,submand
... -It is caused by damage to auriculotemporal & great auricular nerves. -During healing, parasymp.secretory Fs. in auriculotemporal N. grow out and join distal end of great auricular N.(C2,3) supplying skin over parotid. These fibres reach the sweat glands in skin of face so, there is sweating on skin ...
... -It is caused by damage to auriculotemporal & great auricular nerves. -During healing, parasymp.secretory Fs. in auriculotemporal N. grow out and join distal end of great auricular N.(C2,3) supplying skin over parotid. These fibres reach the sweat glands in skin of face so, there is sweating on skin ...
BSC I ZOOLOGY PRACTICAL
... 6. As the trophozoite grows in size, a central vacuole is developed. 7. As a result of this the nucleus is pushed to one side into peripheral cytoplasm. 8. This stage is clinically referred to as signet – ring sage. 9. Signet- ring trophozoite secretes digestive enzymes which bring lyses of haemoglo ...
... 6. As the trophozoite grows in size, a central vacuole is developed. 7. As a result of this the nucleus is pushed to one side into peripheral cytoplasm. 8. This stage is clinically referred to as signet – ring sage. 9. Signet- ring trophozoite secretes digestive enzymes which bring lyses of haemoglo ...
Ch6-4_Enzymes-New
... Why would the genetic “error” causing lactose tolerance (the ability to drink milk all your life) be selected for in some parts of the world and not in others? ...
... Why would the genetic “error” causing lactose tolerance (the ability to drink milk all your life) be selected for in some parts of the world and not in others? ...
Show List of Dissection Steps
... ❏ Identify the pancreas (left lobe, body, & right lobe) ❏ Incise the free border of the proximal portion of the descending duodenum. Use a scalpel handle to scrape away the mucosa inside the duodenum to search for/do the following: ❏ Identify the major duodenal papilla (this is where the pancreat ...
... ❏ Identify the pancreas (left lobe, body, & right lobe) ❏ Incise the free border of the proximal portion of the descending duodenum. Use a scalpel handle to scrape away the mucosa inside the duodenum to search for/do the following: ❏ Identify the major duodenal papilla (this is where the pancreat ...
Lipids (lec 1, 2, 3)..
... 4- Used as reserve source of energy. Fatty acids are released and oxidized for energy production. Oxidation of fatty acids (present in TAG) serve as the major fuel storage reserve in the body. In addition, fatty acid oxidation is the major source of energy to the body during starvation. ...
... 4- Used as reserve source of energy. Fatty acids are released and oxidized for energy production. Oxidation of fatty acids (present in TAG) serve as the major fuel storage reserve in the body. In addition, fatty acid oxidation is the major source of energy to the body during starvation. ...
V Platyhelminthes and Nematoda PPT
... cavity between endoderm & mesoderm) – Fluid movement serves as circulatory and gas exchange system – Fluid also distributes nutrients to cells from digestive system ...
... cavity between endoderm & mesoderm) – Fluid movement serves as circulatory and gas exchange system – Fluid also distributes nutrients to cells from digestive system ...
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN RESPIRATION
... List the nuclei of deep origin of the trigeminal and facial nerves in the brain stem. Describe the type and site of each nucleus. Describe the superficial attachment of trigeminal and facial nerves to the brain stem. Describe the main points in the course and distribution of trigeminal and f ...
... List the nuclei of deep origin of the trigeminal and facial nerves in the brain stem. Describe the type and site of each nucleus. Describe the superficial attachment of trigeminal and facial nerves to the brain stem. Describe the main points in the course and distribution of trigeminal and f ...
Gene Section ENPP7 (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... necrotizing enterocolitis, and liver cancer. Significant reduction of ENPP7 activity has been found in human longstanding ulcerative colitis, sporadic colon cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis The reduction may be caused by formation of the aberrant transcripts, which cause the inactivation of ...
... necrotizing enterocolitis, and liver cancer. Significant reduction of ENPP7 activity has been found in human longstanding ulcerative colitis, sporadic colon cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis The reduction may be caused by formation of the aberrant transcripts, which cause the inactivation of ...
Human digestive system
In the human digestive system, the process of digestion has many stages, the first of which starts in the mouth (oral cavity). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components which can be absorbed and assimilated into the body. The secretion of saliva helps to produce a bolus which can be swallowed to pass down the oesophagus and into the stomach.Saliva also contains a catalytic enzyme called amylase which starts to act on food in the mouth. Another digestive enzyme called lingual lipase is secreted by some of the lingual papillae to enter the saliva. Digestion is helped by the mastication of food by the teeth and also by the muscular contractions of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach is essential for the continuation of digestion as is the production of mucus in the stomach.Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction of muscles that begins in the oesophagus and continues along the wall of the stomach and the rest of the gastrointestinal tract. This initially results in the production of chyme which when fully broken down in the small intestine is absorbed as chyle into the lymphatic system. Most of the digestion of food takes place in the small intestine. Water and some minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood, in the colon of the large intestine. The waste products of digestion are defecated from the anus via the rectum.