The distributions and ages of refractory objects in the solar nebula
... necessary to form refractory objects in the solar nebula requires an additional source energy beyond irradiation from the central star. One possible source of energy is internal dissipation of the type predicted in a viscous protoplanetary disk, such as that invoked to explain the accretion of mass ...
... necessary to form refractory objects in the solar nebula requires an additional source energy beyond irradiation from the central star. One possible source of energy is internal dissipation of the type predicted in a viscous protoplanetary disk, such as that invoked to explain the accretion of mass ...
A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star
... pure magnesium silicate, and the interior contains no water21 . These simplifications mean that the iron fraction should not be taken as absolute; the model simply represents a characteristic mass-radius locus that matches Earth and Venus. This same composition also matches the masses and radii of K ...
... pure magnesium silicate, and the interior contains no water21 . These simplifications mean that the iron fraction should not be taken as absolute; the model simply represents a characteristic mass-radius locus that matches Earth and Venus. This same composition also matches the masses and radii of K ...
Science Project
... Outer planets The four outer planets, or gas giants (sometimes called Jovian planets), collectively make up 99 percent of the mass known to orbit the Sun. Jupiter and Saturn are each many tens of times the mass of the Earth and consist overwhelmingly of hydrogen and helium; Uranus and Neptune are f ...
... Outer planets The four outer planets, or gas giants (sometimes called Jovian planets), collectively make up 99 percent of the mass known to orbit the Sun. Jupiter and Saturn are each many tens of times the mass of the Earth and consist overwhelmingly of hydrogen and helium; Uranus and Neptune are f ...
Dynamical habitability of planetary systems
... days), the planet is far too hot to be habitable; the estimated temperature is more than 1000 degrees! In fact, most of the exoplanets are in close-by orbits to their stars, which is most certainly a biased value, given that we have only observed them over the course of about 15 years with technique ...
... days), the planet is far too hot to be habitable; the estimated temperature is more than 1000 degrees! In fact, most of the exoplanets are in close-by orbits to their stars, which is most certainly a biased value, given that we have only observed them over the course of about 15 years with technique ...
PPT
... • Monitoring of hundreds of thousands of stars to 200 pc for 1MJ planets with P < 10 years: – complete census of all stellar types (P=2-9 years) – actual masses, not just lower limits (m sin i) – 20,000-30,000 planets expected to 150-200 pc ...
... • Monitoring of hundreds of thousands of stars to 200 pc for 1MJ planets with P < 10 years: – complete census of all stellar types (P=2-9 years) – actual masses, not just lower limits (m sin i) – 20,000-30,000 planets expected to 150-200 pc ...
The Solar Nebula on Fire: A Solution to the Carbon Deficit in the
... at the depth (0.122 AU) where Tgas = 500 K. These results demonstrate that, assuming no source term, there is a rapid decay of carbon grains to reduced carbon content and size. We define tdest of a certain size of grain when X(g1 ) decreases by 4 orders of magnitude in the reservoir. Therefore, 0.00 ...
... at the depth (0.122 AU) where Tgas = 500 K. These results demonstrate that, assuming no source term, there is a rapid decay of carbon grains to reduced carbon content and size. We define tdest of a certain size of grain when X(g1 ) decreases by 4 orders of magnitude in the reservoir. Therefore, 0.00 ...
Dark Matter: Observational Constraints Properties of Dark Matter:
... • dN(m)/dm ~ m-2.3 implies most mass is at the low mass end of the spectrum. ...
... • dN(m)/dm ~ m-2.3 implies most mass is at the low mass end of the spectrum. ...
life cycles of stars
... and Carbon • “White dwarf” cools but does not contract because core is degenerate • No energy from fusion, no energy from gravitational contraction • White dwarf slowly fades away… ...
... and Carbon • “White dwarf” cools but does not contract because core is degenerate • No energy from fusion, no energy from gravitational contraction • White dwarf slowly fades away… ...
Age Aspects of Habitability
... presume the presence of an oxygen atmosphere as necessary for a planet to host a complex life. Such life would have modified the global planetary (or atmospheric) properties to be noticed from space, and from very far away; after all, the closest potentially habitable planet is at about 12 light yea ...
... presume the presence of an oxygen atmosphere as necessary for a planet to host a complex life. Such life would have modified the global planetary (or atmospheric) properties to be noticed from space, and from very far away; after all, the closest potentially habitable planet is at about 12 light yea ...
Orbital and Physical Characteristics of Extrasolar Planets Systems
... To the very time of the detection of the first extrasolar planet system, our concept was based only upon the study of the Solar system structure. As is well known, the later has been formed around a main sequence star (The Sun) of late spectral type-G2V. According to the statistical analysis of the ...
... To the very time of the detection of the first extrasolar planet system, our concept was based only upon the study of the Solar system structure. As is well known, the later has been formed around a main sequence star (The Sun) of late spectral type-G2V. According to the statistical analysis of the ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... systems during their stars’ main sequence lifetimes, our first step was to model the main sequence lifetime of theoretical stars. This allowed us to follow the changes in their total power output i.e. the luminosity L, and in the surface temperature as represented by the effective temperature Te, th ...
... systems during their stars’ main sequence lifetimes, our first step was to model the main sequence lifetime of theoretical stars. This allowed us to follow the changes in their total power output i.e. the luminosity L, and in the surface temperature as represented by the effective temperature Te, th ...
The Changing Earth Atmosphere
... a) The Earth’s atmosphere is simply called air. It is primarily composed of many discrete gases, each with its own physical properties, in which varying quantities of tiny solid and liquid particles are suspended. b) ...
... a) The Earth’s atmosphere is simply called air. It is primarily composed of many discrete gases, each with its own physical properties, in which varying quantities of tiny solid and liquid particles are suspended. b) ...
From Hot Jupiters to Hot Neptunes and Below
... The saga of the detection of exoplanets has been constantly driven by the evenincreasing accuracy of the radial velocity determination. Until the end of the eighties, the most accurate radial velocities were obtained with cross-correlation spectrographs like CORAVEL with a precision on individual me ...
... The saga of the detection of exoplanets has been constantly driven by the evenincreasing accuracy of the radial velocity determination. Until the end of the eighties, the most accurate radial velocities were obtained with cross-correlation spectrographs like CORAVEL with a precision on individual me ...