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Submission to Committee for Social Development
Submission to Committee for Social Development

... 2012 noted a rise in pensioner poverty in contrast to a fall in Great Britain. A significant contributory factor was the far less reliance on occupational pensions in Northern Ireland. Some claimants are likely to have modest savings yet low income. As a result, consideration should be given to an a ...
Here - Punter Southall Transaction Services
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... whatever the market conditions.  In effect, schemes are setting their expected returns for assets such as equities as being fixed relative to gilt yields such that their discount rate effectively flows entirely from the gilt yield even though it is not set directly by reference to the gilt yield. T ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Economic Research Volume Title: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2007, Volume 22
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Economic Research Volume Title: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2007, Volume 22

... to the inability to the higher rate for the lenders, not because generate project of any arbitrary restriction on the menus of the financial claims that they can issue. The main issues addressed that they here are general enough straint ...


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DBRS Recovery Ratings for Non-Investment Grade
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< 1 ... 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 ... 257 >

Securitization

Securitization is the financial practice of pooling various types of contractual debt such as residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, auto loans or credit card debt obligations (or other non-debt assets which generate receivables) and selling their related cash flows to third party investors as securities, which may be described as bonds, pass-through securities, or collateralized debt obligations (CDOs). Investors are repaid from the principal and interest cash flows collected from the underlying debt and redistributed through the capital structure of the new financing. Securities backed by mortgage receivables are called mortgage-backed securities (MBS), while those backed by other types of receivables are asset-backed securities (ABS).Critics have suggested that the complexity inherent in securitization can limit investors' ability to monitor risk, and that competitive securitization markets with multiple securitizers may be particularly prone to sharp declines in underwriting standards. Private, competitive mortgage securitization is believed to have played an important role in the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis.In addition, off-balance sheet treatment for securitizations coupled with guarantees from the issuer can hide the extent of leverage of the securitizing firm, thereby facilitating risky capital structures and leading to an under-pricing of credit risk. Off-balance sheet securitizations are believed to have played a large role in the high leverage level of U.S. financial institutions before the financial crisis, and the need for bailouts.The granularity of pools of securitized assets can mitigate the credit risk of individual borrowers. Unlike general corporate debt, the credit quality of securitized debt is non-stationary due to changes in volatility that are time- and structure-dependent. If the transaction is properly structured and the pool performs as expected, the credit risk of all tranches of structured debt improves; if improperly structured, the affected tranches may experience dramatic credit deterioration and loss.Securitization has evolved from its beginnings in the late 18th century to an estimated outstanding of $10.24 trillion in the United States and $2.25 trillion in Europe as of the 2nd quarter of 2008. In 2007, ABS issuance amounted to $3.455 trillion in the US and $652 billion in Europe. WBS (Whole Business Securitization) arrangements first appeared in the United Kingdom in the 1990s, and became common in various Commonwealth legal systems where senior creditors of an insolvent business effectively gain the right to control the company.
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