Chapter 2
... Depolarization: sodium gates open; let sodium (+) in Repolarization: sodium gates close, potassium gates open and let potassium (+) out; potassium gates close when charge is leveled (back to -) Refractory period: time period in which the neuron ...
... Depolarization: sodium gates open; let sodium (+) in Repolarization: sodium gates close, potassium gates open and let potassium (+) out; potassium gates close when charge is leveled (back to -) Refractory period: time period in which the neuron ...
Nature Versus Nurture
... Early Twenties Memory systems start to decline Prefrontal cortex continues to mature New synapses in language and perception centers Myelination continues ...
... Early Twenties Memory systems start to decline Prefrontal cortex continues to mature New synapses in language and perception centers Myelination continues ...
Nervous System
... • Different drugs have different affects on the body – Stimulants generally increase activity in the CNS – Cocaine is a highly addictive stimulant. It blocks the normal removal of pleasure neurotransmitters. The excess neurotransmitters cause a temporary “high” that is soon followed by depression as ...
... • Different drugs have different affects on the body – Stimulants generally increase activity in the CNS – Cocaine is a highly addictive stimulant. It blocks the normal removal of pleasure neurotransmitters. The excess neurotransmitters cause a temporary “high” that is soon followed by depression as ...
Q1 (from chapter 1)
... A. Lobotomy causes drastic changes in personality and comportment B. Major motor and sensory pathways cross sides C. Bilateral hippocampectomy causes global aphasia D. In most people the left hemisphere is dominant for language abilities E. Orbitofrontal cortex is responsible for social behavior Q2 ...
... A. Lobotomy causes drastic changes in personality and comportment B. Major motor and sensory pathways cross sides C. Bilateral hippocampectomy causes global aphasia D. In most people the left hemisphere is dominant for language abilities E. Orbitofrontal cortex is responsible for social behavior Q2 ...
Nervous System Nervous System
... Explain how the nervous system (brain, spinal cord, sensory neurons, motor neurons) mediates communication between different parts of the body and the body’ ’s interactions with the environment. Identify the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron, and explain generally how it works. ...
... Explain how the nervous system (brain, spinal cord, sensory neurons, motor neurons) mediates communication between different parts of the body and the body’ ’s interactions with the environment. Identify the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron, and explain generally how it works. ...
Nervous Systems (ch. 48 & 49) Sum13
... IPSP = inhibitory postsynaptic potential (-) Neurotransmitter potential (millivolts) ...
... IPSP = inhibitory postsynaptic potential (-) Neurotransmitter potential (millivolts) ...
presentation
... Signal persistence in post-synaptic potentials: EPSP (excitatory +) and IPSP (inhibitory -) so precise timing is not absolutely necessary ...
... Signal persistence in post-synaptic potentials: EPSP (excitatory +) and IPSP (inhibitory -) so precise timing is not absolutely necessary ...
Peripheral Nervous System
... C) Mixed: Sensory & motor functions are unrelated (i.e. sense taste but control facial expression) ...
... C) Mixed: Sensory & motor functions are unrelated (i.e. sense taste but control facial expression) ...
Nerve Impulse Transmission
... carry it toward the cell body, which contains the nucleus. • The axon carries the impulse from the cell body toward the synaptic knobs where it will be transferred to other neurons. ...
... carry it toward the cell body, which contains the nucleus. • The axon carries the impulse from the cell body toward the synaptic knobs where it will be transferred to other neurons. ...
Lecture 3
... Complexity of Neural Processing Things to bear in mind: •One neuron may connect to 1000 post-synaptic neurons. •One neuron may receive 10,000 inputs from other cells. ...
... Complexity of Neural Processing Things to bear in mind: •One neuron may connect to 1000 post-synaptic neurons. •One neuron may receive 10,000 inputs from other cells. ...
How Ca2+ triggers neurotransmitter release
... Molecular mechanisms of neurotransmitter release Thomas C. Südhof Thomas Südhof's research investigates how neurons in brain communicate with each other during synaptic transmission, which is the process that underlies all brain activity, from consciousness over memory to sensory perception and move ...
... Molecular mechanisms of neurotransmitter release Thomas C. Südhof Thomas Südhof's research investigates how neurons in brain communicate with each other during synaptic transmission, which is the process that underlies all brain activity, from consciousness over memory to sensory perception and move ...
The nervous system
... General functions of the CNS: The central nervous system (CNS) represents the largest part of the nervous system, including the brain and the spinal cord. Together, with the peripheral nervous system (PNS), it has a fundamental role in the control of behavior. The CNS is conceived as a system devot ...
... General functions of the CNS: The central nervous system (CNS) represents the largest part of the nervous system, including the brain and the spinal cord. Together, with the peripheral nervous system (PNS), it has a fundamental role in the control of behavior. The CNS is conceived as a system devot ...
BASAL GANGLIA
... Dopamine modulation of functional connectivity in the basal ganglia. It is hypothesized that the main action of DA is to regulate the coupling level between the different subcircuits in the BG. In the normal state (A) DA endings on striatal spines can veto divergent glutamatergic inputs to the stri ...
... Dopamine modulation of functional connectivity in the basal ganglia. It is hypothesized that the main action of DA is to regulate the coupling level between the different subcircuits in the BG. In the normal state (A) DA endings on striatal spines can veto divergent glutamatergic inputs to the stri ...
Chapter 9 Nervous
... Describe the neuron, the nerve impulse, and the synapse, and explain the components of a reflex arc Neuron - specialized cell that lies within the nervous system; conducts electrochemical signals along their length body - major portion of neuron axon - transmits signals to other structures (groups a ...
... Describe the neuron, the nerve impulse, and the synapse, and explain the components of a reflex arc Neuron - specialized cell that lies within the nervous system; conducts electrochemical signals along their length body - major portion of neuron axon - transmits signals to other structures (groups a ...
Module I. Introduction to biophysical models of individual cells and... plane analysis important to capture phenomenology and sometimes – biophysical mechanisms
... Module I. Introduction to biophysical models of individual cells and phase plane analysis Models of different detailedness are needed at different times. Sometimes it is important to capture phenomenology and sometimes – biophysical mechanisms 1. Neuron, ions, firing, bursting, spiking, tonic and ph ...
... Module I. Introduction to biophysical models of individual cells and phase plane analysis Models of different detailedness are needed at different times. Sometimes it is important to capture phenomenology and sometimes – biophysical mechanisms 1. Neuron, ions, firing, bursting, spiking, tonic and ph ...
Human Vision: Electrophysiology and Psychophysics
... Artificial neural networks are used to solve problems in fields as diverse as • pattern recognition • optimisation • locomotion and spatial recognition • sequence prediction ...
... Artificial neural networks are used to solve problems in fields as diverse as • pattern recognition • optimisation • locomotion and spatial recognition • sequence prediction ...
Nervous System - Holy Trinity Diocesan High School
... Relay information between the brain and the body Information is electrical and chemical Receptors: specialized structures that pick up information Negative feedback to the body Stimulus-Response: much faster change but a short lasting effect compared to hormones Structures: 1. Neuron: Nerve cell; ...
... Relay information between the brain and the body Information is electrical and chemical Receptors: specialized structures that pick up information Negative feedback to the body Stimulus-Response: much faster change but a short lasting effect compared to hormones Structures: 1. Neuron: Nerve cell; ...
nervous tissue organization neurons neuroglia action potentials
... – ACh diffuses across synaptic cleft – binds to postsynaptic receptors which open Na channels – Na rushes in and depolarizes postsynaptic cell – if potential change is strong enough it reaches axon hillock of cell – causes postsynaptic cell to fire an AP ...
... – ACh diffuses across synaptic cleft – binds to postsynaptic receptors which open Na channels – Na rushes in and depolarizes postsynaptic cell – if potential change is strong enough it reaches axon hillock of cell – causes postsynaptic cell to fire an AP ...
Human Biology Human Body Systems Nervous System
... once in motion the ACTION POTENTIAL keeps the impulse moving along the axon to the SYNAPSE ...
... once in motion the ACTION POTENTIAL keeps the impulse moving along the axon to the SYNAPSE ...
the nervous system
... of the following on the frequency of action potentials in the postsynaptic neuron. - spatial and temporal summation of post synaptic potentials - balance between active inhibitory and active excitatory synapses. ...
... of the following on the frequency of action potentials in the postsynaptic neuron. - spatial and temporal summation of post synaptic potentials - balance between active inhibitory and active excitatory synapses. ...
neuron
... • Schwann cells, which are found in neurons not of the brain or spinal cord, surround the axon and produce myelin • In the CNS, myelin is produced by a type of neuroglia called an oligodendrocyte • Gaps in the myelin sheath along the length of the axon are called nodes of Ranvier • On top of the mye ...
... • Schwann cells, which are found in neurons not of the brain or spinal cord, surround the axon and produce myelin • In the CNS, myelin is produced by a type of neuroglia called an oligodendrocyte • Gaps in the myelin sheath along the length of the axon are called nodes of Ranvier • On top of the mye ...
Biological foundations of psychology
... (specific sequence of bases) carry this genetic information. • 99.9 % of our DNA is identical to ...
... (specific sequence of bases) carry this genetic information. • 99.9 % of our DNA is identical to ...
intro to psych brain and behavior
... Resting state is restored After firing, the neuron dips below resting level and is less willing to fire ...
... Resting state is restored After firing, the neuron dips below resting level and is less willing to fire ...
Chapter 2 quiz level - easy topic: neurons
... 6) The short fibers which extend from the cell body, allowing it to receive messages from other neurons are ________. A) nerve bundles B) dendrites C) axons D) synapses ...
... 6) The short fibers which extend from the cell body, allowing it to receive messages from other neurons are ________. A) nerve bundles B) dendrites C) axons D) synapses ...
Synaptic gating
Synaptic gating is the ability of neural circuits to gate inputs by either suppressing or facilitating specific synaptic activity. Selective inhibition of certain synapses has been studied thoroughly (see Gate theory of pain), and recent studies have supported the existence of permissively gated synaptic transmission. In general, synaptic gating involves a mechanism of central control over neuronal output. It includes a sort of gatekeeper neuron, which has the ability to influence transmission of information to selected targets independently of the parts of the synapse upon which it exerts its action (see also neuromodulation).Bistable neurons have the ability to oscillate between a hyperpolarized (down state) and a depolarized (up state) resting membrane potential without firing an action potential. These neurons can thus be referred to as up/down neurons. According to one model, this ability is linked to the presence of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors. External stimulation of the NMDA receptors is responsible for moving the neuron from the down state to the up state, while the stimulation of AMPA receptors allows the neuron to reach and surpass the threshold potential. Neurons that have this bistable ability have the potential to be gated because outside gatekeeper neurons can modulate the membrane potential of the gated neuron by selectively shifting them from the up state to the down state. Such mechanisms have been observed in the nucleus accumbens, with gatekeepers originating in the cortex, thalamus and basal ganglia.