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The Drosophila small conductance calcium
The Drosophila small conductance calcium

... Although the first member of this family was discovered in 199524 , their existence was proposed as early as 1952 in the Hodgkin and Huxley model of the action potential 9. In their model the resting membrane potential is maintained around the potassium reversal potential by potassium "leak" channel ...
Chromatin Condensing Functions of the Linker Histone C
Chromatin Condensing Functions of the Linker Histone C

... extensively in recent years (see ref 20 and references therein). Intrinsically disordered protein domains mostly or completely lack classical secondary structure but undergo disorder to order transitions concomitant with binding to their macromolecular targets (9, 21, 22). While much progress has be ...
Glucose transporters (GLUT and SGLT)
Glucose transporters (GLUT and SGLT)

... The class I facilitative transporters contain GLUT1– 4, and these have been comprehensively characterised in terms of structure, function and tissue distribution. GLUT1 is expressed particularly in the brain (including the blood – brain barrier) and erthyrocytes. Moderate levels of expression are al ...
Tracking the algal origin of the Ulva bloom in the Yellow Sea by a
Tracking the algal origin of the Ulva bloom in the Yellow Sea by a

... history of the taxa analyzed (Felsenstein, 1985). Branches corresponding to partitions reproduced in less than 50% bootstrap replicates are collapsed. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) is shown next to the branch ...
An improved protocol for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of
An improved protocol for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of

... at 37 8C. The lysozyme was removed and the plugs were rinsed with sterile water. The plugs were incubated with .20 U ml 1 proteinase K solution (100 ìl of .600 U ml 1 proteinase K stock in 2.5 ml of proteinase K reaction buffer) at 50 8C for 24–96 h. The plugs were washed four times in 13 wash buffe ...
Biosynthesis of lipoxygenase, lipids and its fatty acid composition of
Biosynthesis of lipoxygenase, lipids and its fatty acid composition of

... According to literature data, in the young growing culture the role of functionality significant lipids, especially, lipids with considerable quantity of polyunsaturated fatty acids, is very high. The increasing of lipids in ageing culture takes place, obviously with increasing of part of the compon ...
Molecular Biology Reports
Molecular Biology Reports

... transformed with IbLCY-b-RNAi construct using the freeze– thaw method [15]. The transformed calli were subcultured on fresh medium at 3 week intervals for selection. RNA isolation and qRT-PCR analysis Wild-type callus (Ym, NT) and transgenic callus were ground in liquid nitrogen with a mortar and pe ...
Transvection and pairing of a Drosophila Hox long noncoding RNA
Transvection and pairing of a Drosophila Hox long noncoding RNA

... transcription through the lincX locus, but not the lincX RNA itself, may facilitate initiation of Scr in cis in the early embryo. Transvection phenomena, where regulatory sequences on one chromosome can affect expression on the homolog, have previously been reported in genetic studies of Scr. By ana ...
Comparative gene mapping in Arabidopsis lyrata chromosomes 6
Comparative gene mapping in Arabidopsis lyrata chromosomes 6

... intervals. We confirm the two rearrangements previously inferred (a reciprocal translocation and a large inversion, which we infer to be pericentric). By including markers around the centromere regions of A. thaliana chromosomes IV and V, we localize the AL6 centromere, and can localize the breakpoin ...
Differential Regulation of a-Lactalbumin and
Differential Regulation of a-Lactalbumin and

... When a-lactalbumin mRNA activity was measured at RNA added to the translation system. It is apparent from the increase in total mRNA synthesis that the mammary gland various times during pregnancy and lactation, it remained low during pregnancy, unlike that of casein, but rose sharply during lactati ...
Document
Document

... mutations in other ruminants, but also in other phylogenetic groups. The PrP gene is now one of the most sequenced genes. More than a hundred species have been analysed and in some species several hundred or even thousands of individual sequences have been recorded in research programmes. About 40 a ...
PDF full-Text - Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical
PDF full-Text - Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical

... with chromosome 18 abnormalities. The association of IgA deficiency and specific polysaccharide antibody deficiency is recognized in patients without defined chromosomal abnormalities, and may have significant implications, as those patients with isolated IgA deficiency had fewer lower respiratory t ...
View PDF - ADAN database
View PDF - ADAN database

... The latter comprise three major class of products including isoprenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids. When considering the presence of these products among different taxa, it is apparent that the isoprenoid pathway is the oldest acquisition. In supporting this idea, one could note that plant dihydroflavon ...
Metabolism and function of bile acids
Metabolism and function of bile acids

... Fig. 4. The bile acid biosyntheticpathways.The classical pathway operates entirely in the liver. In other tissues, the entry of cholesterol into the alternate pathwaysis facilitatedby cholesterolhydroxylases.The oxysterols generated by these enzymes are 7e~-hydroxylatedby oxysterol hydroxylasesand t ...
endoglucanase in cellulose biosynthesis is not very clear
endoglucanase in cellulose biosynthesis is not very clear

An Agony in Five Fits (R
An Agony in Five Fits (R

... makes fascinating reading today, and I cannot resist quoting him at some length: My dear Darwin, — I have been so repeatedly struck by the utter inability of numbers of intelligent persons to see clearly, or at all, the selfacting and necessary effects of Natural Selection, that I am led to conclude ...
TRIzol Reagent
TRIzol Reagent

... Chomczynski, P. and Mackey, K. (1995) Anal. Biochem. 225, 163-164). The quantity and quality of RNA is the same with both reagents. The amount of BCP used for phase separation equals 10% of the TRIzol volume. Using lower centrifugation speeds: Centrifugation speeds as low as 5000 -6000 x g have been ...
Presence of multiple group I introns closely 23S rRNAs of lichen-forming
Presence of multiple group I introns closely 23S rRNAs of lichen-forming

... have been reported [10]. All introns analyzed in this study (Table 1) have characteristics indicating that they are of the group I type: (i) the base-paired stems P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, and P8; and (ii) canonical conserved sequences P, Q, R, and S (Table 2), characteristic of subgroup IA and IB intron ...
Causes that Make a Difference - Philsci
Causes that Make a Difference - Philsci

The Genetic Principles of Crossbreeding
The Genetic Principles of Crossbreeding

Interactive exploration of genomic data from the nowac - Munin
Interactive exploration of genomic data from the nowac - Munin

... and Crick in 1953[3] to the sequencing of the human genome in 2001 [4, 5] and the massively parallel sequencing platforms in the later years[6], the scientific advances have been tremendous. Today, single week-long sequencing runs can produce as much data as did entire genome centers just years ago ...
Document
Document

... Why chemists are needed? Gene expression is very popular, relatively easy and cheap method: it is good for long linear peptides or proteins containing L-amino acids. However:  no D-amino acids  no unnatural amino acids  no post translation (Hyp, Pyr, glyco- and phosphopeptides) ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library

... mercial rat colonies, and found four distinct karyotype forms. Further analysis raised the number of distinct karyotype forms in rats to eight [15]. Karyotype forms of P. carinii f.sp. carinii have been shown to be stable for at least a year [8]. A particular karyotype form can occur in multiple col ...
Amino acid specificity in translation
Amino acid specificity in translation

... with O30 different unnatural amino acids have been successfully incorporated into protein [9]. Together, these data suggest that the translational apparatus lacks specificity for different amino acids, once they are esterified onto tRNA. In a few isolated cases, however, the translation machinery se ...
Supplementary Legends - Word file
Supplementary Legends - Word file

... vigorous movements of the embryo cortex during the attempts at cytokinesis. Sister-chromatid separation defect – regression of the furrow. Several gene knockouts lead to a defect in spindle midzone formation and sister chromatid separation. These mutant embryos specify and ingress a furrow but do n ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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