Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... To examine our hypothesis, we recorded simultaneously with two electrodes neuronal responses from different sites. The stimuli were configurated so that cells at the two recording sites were either activated by a common stimulus (single-bar condition) or by two different bars, whereby each bar activ ...
... To examine our hypothesis, we recorded simultaneously with two electrodes neuronal responses from different sites. The stimuli were configurated so that cells at the two recording sites were either activated by a common stimulus (single-bar condition) or by two different bars, whereby each bar activ ...
Hypothalamus
... However, the parvocellular neurons release their secretory products into fenestrated capillaries that drain into the long portal vessels that drain into the anterior lobe. The magnocellular neurons secrete either vasopressin or oxytocin, and are largely concentrated in the supraoptic (SON) and parav ...
... However, the parvocellular neurons release their secretory products into fenestrated capillaries that drain into the long portal vessels that drain into the anterior lobe. The magnocellular neurons secrete either vasopressin or oxytocin, and are largely concentrated in the supraoptic (SON) and parav ...
Neural Syntax: Cell Assemblies, Synapsembles, and
... I suggest that an objective identification of the cell assembly requires two key conditions: a reader-classifier and a temporal frame. Neurons come together in transient time frames to produce a composite downstream effect, which cannot be achieved by single neurons alone. The most important modus o ...
... I suggest that an objective identification of the cell assembly requires two key conditions: a reader-classifier and a temporal frame. Neurons come together in transient time frames to produce a composite downstream effect, which cannot be achieved by single neurons alone. The most important modus o ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... by tau pathology in any of the brain regions, including brain areas with the highest tangle load. Our findings suggest that intraneuronal NFTs do not affect signaling cascades leading to experience-dependent gene expression required for long-term synaptic plasticity. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, T ...
... by tau pathology in any of the brain regions, including brain areas with the highest tangle load. Our findings suggest that intraneuronal NFTs do not affect signaling cascades leading to experience-dependent gene expression required for long-term synaptic plasticity. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, T ...
Chapter 14 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
... Smooth muscle (e.g., in gut), glands, cardiac muscle ...
... Smooth muscle (e.g., in gut), glands, cardiac muscle ...
Estimating Fast Neural Input Using Anatomical and
... short and/or long range connectivity. Somatic- and axonal photo tagging of short range connections within 200–500 micro-meter is limited by virus diffusion (∗ ). Anatomical reconstruction of long-range axons using electronmicroscopy is extremely resource intensive (∗ ∗ ). (h) Decoding methods can on ...
... short and/or long range connectivity. Somatic- and axonal photo tagging of short range connections within 200–500 micro-meter is limited by virus diffusion (∗ ). Anatomical reconstruction of long-range axons using electronmicroscopy is extremely resource intensive (∗ ∗ ). (h) Decoding methods can on ...
Neurons of human nucleus accumbens
... nucleus accumbens 12, 13. Our finding of type IV, multipolar neuron (Figures 11 and 12), corresponds to medium spiny neurons described by other authors. Medium spiny neurons consist of 2–6 primary dendrites, different thickness, with dense spines on secondary and third dendrite branches 14–17. We co ...
... nucleus accumbens 12, 13. Our finding of type IV, multipolar neuron (Figures 11 and 12), corresponds to medium spiny neurons described by other authors. Medium spiny neurons consist of 2–6 primary dendrites, different thickness, with dense spines on secondary and third dendrite branches 14–17. We co ...
Neural Coding 2016
... Reviewed papers will appear in special issues of two journals – Biosystems and Biological Cybernetics. The details of the submission procedure and deadlines will be given on the web page of the workshop (http://neural-coding-2016.unikoeln.de) and the participants will be informed by email. The expec ...
... Reviewed papers will appear in special issues of two journals – Biosystems and Biological Cybernetics. The details of the submission procedure and deadlines will be given on the web page of the workshop (http://neural-coding-2016.unikoeln.de) and the participants will be informed by email. The expec ...
The Neuropathology of Huntington`s Disease
... from the SNc (A9 cell group) plus other afferent connections from diverse nuclei such as the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus (Graybiel et al. 1979) and cholinergic and glutamatergic projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus in the midbrain (Mena-Segovia et al. 2004). The main flow of cortical i ...
... from the SNc (A9 cell group) plus other afferent connections from diverse nuclei such as the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus (Graybiel et al. 1979) and cholinergic and glutamatergic projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus in the midbrain (Mena-Segovia et al. 2004). The main flow of cortical i ...
PubMed Central CANADA
... characteristics, varying only the specific task demands. Our analysis also differed in an important way from previous studies because we opted not to specify a priori the brain areas that make up the DN, as other studies have done (e.g., Harrison et al., 2008). Rather than restricting the analysis t ...
... characteristics, varying only the specific task demands. Our analysis also differed in an important way from previous studies because we opted not to specify a priori the brain areas that make up the DN, as other studies have done (e.g., Harrison et al., 2008). Rather than restricting the analysis t ...
Insights into decision making using choice probability
... is the origin of CP?; does it result from feedforward pooling of neuronal activity or from feedback mechanisms such as attentional allocation? We should point out that CP can be applied to brain areas thought to report only the sensory evidence or to areas that directly mediate decisions. In either ...
... is the origin of CP?; does it result from feedforward pooling of neuronal activity or from feedback mechanisms such as attentional allocation? We should point out that CP can be applied to brain areas thought to report only the sensory evidence or to areas that directly mediate decisions. In either ...
fluctuations in somatosensory responsiveness and baseline firing
... administered in the second group of experiments (N⫽30 neurons). In the third group, injection manipulations with the empty device on the rat’s head were simulated (N⫽24 neurons). The latter two groups did not statistically differ from each other in any parameter, which made it possible to combine th ...
... administered in the second group of experiments (N⫽30 neurons). In the third group, injection manipulations with the empty device on the rat’s head were simulated (N⫽24 neurons). The latter two groups did not statistically differ from each other in any parameter, which made it possible to combine th ...
Neurophysiological involvement in hypervolemic hyponatremia
... paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary when physiological demands are increased. The major function of circulating AVP is to promote water retention and vasoconstriction, thereby maintaining hydromineral homeostasis and blood volume and pressure. Physiol ...
... paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary when physiological demands are increased. The major function of circulating AVP is to promote water retention and vasoconstriction, thereby maintaining hydromineral homeostasis and blood volume and pressure. Physiol ...
Diagnostic History of Traumatic Axonal Injury in Patients with
... Cerebral concussion is a transient disorder of brain function without long-term sequelae [18]. Therefore, patients with concussion should make a complete recovery with no sequelae. However, a significant proportion of patients with concussion showed sequelae with a reported incidence of approximatel ...
... Cerebral concussion is a transient disorder of brain function without long-term sequelae [18]. Therefore, patients with concussion should make a complete recovery with no sequelae. However, a significant proportion of patients with concussion showed sequelae with a reported incidence of approximatel ...
studying the isolated central nervous system
... get repeatable results we had to work on identified neurons. In this way, it became clear that some nerve cells were stimulated by ACh whilst other nerve cells were inhibited by ACh. Some nerve cells responded to 5HT or dopamine or glutamate, whilst other neurons did not respond. This started a prog ...
... get repeatable results we had to work on identified neurons. In this way, it became clear that some nerve cells were stimulated by ACh whilst other nerve cells were inhibited by ACh. Some nerve cells responded to 5HT or dopamine or glutamate, whilst other neurons did not respond. This started a prog ...
Crocodilian Forebrain: Evolution and Development
... In the dorsal thalamus of amniotes, two types of neurons are present: local circuit neurons (also called interneurons) and relay cells. Axons of local circuit neurons remain within their region of origin whereas axons of relay (projection) cells terminate outside of this area (Jones 2007). With the ...
... In the dorsal thalamus of amniotes, two types of neurons are present: local circuit neurons (also called interneurons) and relay cells. Axons of local circuit neurons remain within their region of origin whereas axons of relay (projection) cells terminate outside of this area (Jones 2007). With the ...
The Effect of Ischemia on Biogenic Amine Concentrations in
... have been measured during and after CNS ischemia. When focal CNS ischemia has been investigated by such methods, the results are subject to criticism because the distribution of damage is not reliably reproducible in any of the currently known cerebral stroke models. Since the brain is so complex mo ...
... have been measured during and after CNS ischemia. When focal CNS ischemia has been investigated by such methods, the results are subject to criticism because the distribution of damage is not reliably reproducible in any of the currently known cerebral stroke models. Since the brain is so complex mo ...
Evidence for a distributed hierarchy of action
... miss one of the links of the chain, or mix up their order you will fail to solve the problem.’’ (Bernstein, 1996, p. 146). 2.1. Essential elements of action In this quote and later discussions he captured five essential ideas that form the foundations of research in action representation. The first is ...
... miss one of the links of the chain, or mix up their order you will fail to solve the problem.’’ (Bernstein, 1996, p. 146). 2.1. Essential elements of action In this quote and later discussions he captured five essential ideas that form the foundations of research in action representation. The first is ...
Cetacean Brain Evolution: Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia sima) and
... period, the trigeminal, cochlear, and facial nerves are already the largest cranial nerves in diameter. In toothed whales generally, the facial and trigeminal nerves show high axon numbers [Morgane and Jacobs, 1972] and are probably responsible for the activity and control of nasal click generation ...
... period, the trigeminal, cochlear, and facial nerves are already the largest cranial nerves in diameter. In toothed whales generally, the facial and trigeminal nerves show high axon numbers [Morgane and Jacobs, 1972] and are probably responsible for the activity and control of nasal click generation ...
Deshpande_Gopikrishna_200708_phd
... default mode network, particularly the frontal areas, in mediating anesthesia-induced neural effects. In addition, ILC is shown to be higher in the default mode network at rest which decreases significantly during a task. Finally, the linear ILC approach is complemented by the nonlinear approach and ...
... default mode network, particularly the frontal areas, in mediating anesthesia-induced neural effects. In addition, ILC is shown to be higher in the default mode network at rest which decreases significantly during a task. Finally, the linear ILC approach is complemented by the nonlinear approach and ...
lmmunocytochemical Localization of Protein Kinase C lsozymes in
... isozyme by immunoblot analysis. Regional distribution of PKC isozymesin rat brain All PKC immunoreactivities were widely distributed throughout the various regionsof rat brain. In coronal sectionsthrough the level of rostra1hippocampus,staining with either MS-I, -11, or -111(Fig. 1, A, C, B, respect ...
... isozyme by immunoblot analysis. Regional distribution of PKC isozymesin rat brain All PKC immunoreactivities were widely distributed throughout the various regionsof rat brain. In coronal sectionsthrough the level of rostra1hippocampus,staining with either MS-I, -11, or -111(Fig. 1, A, C, B, respect ...
Wang et al 2photon calcium imaging of odor in fly brain cell 2003
... responsive to odor stimulation for up to five hours. In animals expressing G-CaMP in neurons of the olfactory system, the application of odors results in large increases in fluorescent intensity that permits imaging with a sensitivity and resolution not previously possible. These imaging experiments ...
... responsive to odor stimulation for up to five hours. In animals expressing G-CaMP in neurons of the olfactory system, the application of odors results in large increases in fluorescent intensity that permits imaging with a sensitivity and resolution not previously possible. These imaging experiments ...
PINP: A New Method of Tagging Neuronal Populations
... Figure 2. Viral-mediated expression of ChR2-YFP into a class of inhibitory interneurons in the mouse auditory cortex. (A) Neurons within the rodent auditory cortex can be excitatory or inhibitory. To express ChR2 in inhibitory parvalbumin expressing neurons of the mouse auditory cortex, we injected ...
... Figure 2. Viral-mediated expression of ChR2-YFP into a class of inhibitory interneurons in the mouse auditory cortex. (A) Neurons within the rodent auditory cortex can be excitatory or inhibitory. To express ChR2 in inhibitory parvalbumin expressing neurons of the mouse auditory cortex, we injected ...
Haemodynamic response
In haemodynamics, the body must respond to physical activities, external temperature, and other factors by homeostatically adjusting its blood flow to deliver nutrients such as oxygen and glucose to stressed tissues and allow them to function. Haemodynamic response (HR) allows the rapid delivery of blood to active neuronal tissues. Since higher processes in the brain occur almost constantly, cerebral blood flow is essential for the maintenance of neurons, astrocytes, and other cells of the brain.