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History and aims of immunisation
History and aims of immunisation

... Infected humans 10,000 years ago Known in China 11th century BC Inoculation described 6th century BC 1796 vaccinia virus isolated ...
Family Group
Family Group

... Daily BP monitoring at health center Continue current medications Referral to dietary for counseling Wellness Ensure 2 glasses/day and low salt and low fat diet Immunizations: tetanus, influenza and pneumococcal Psychosocial Encourage family support and daily hygienge ...
Diagnostic approach to fever of unknown origin FUO DEFINITION
Diagnostic approach to fever of unknown origin FUO DEFINITION

... the attending physicians overlook, disregard or reject an obvious clue. No malice is implied by this observation; it simply means that clinicians, being human instruments, are far from perfect. In order to mitigate the frequency and magnitude of these human errors, clinicians have to work that much ...
Vertical Transmission of Nucleopolyhedrovirus in
Vertical Transmission of Nucleopolyhedrovirus in

... from parent to progeny and could be found in caterpillars reared from surface-decontaminated eggs. Persistent low levels of infection were observed in many of the studies considered. These could contribute to the persistence of virus in low-density populations, but the dominant source of virus among ...
Priority communicable diseases
Priority communicable diseases

... encroachment on tropical forests and rapid deforestation has brought people with little or no immunity into close proximity with insects that carry malaria and yellow fever and other infectious diseases. Wars, civil turmoil and natural disasters are causing the migration and mass movement of million ...
Pharyngeal Gonorrhea - San Francisco City Clinic
Pharyngeal Gonorrhea - San Francisco City Clinic

... Could infection in the pharynx, for example, have contributed to the rapid emergence of quinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae in MSM? After first becoming established in Hawaii and then in California, QRNG became prevalent in the MSM population throughout the United States [14], followed by expansion i ...
Andes virus infections in the rodent reservoir and in humans vary
Andes virus infections in the rodent reservoir and in humans vary

... Ecoregion Landscape structure HCPS Oligoryzomys longicaudatus Seropositivity Spatial genetics ...
Blood Borne Pathogen Awareness - Union County / College Corner
Blood Borne Pathogen Awareness - Union County / College Corner

... To prevent the spread of a communicable disease such as Hepatitis B after an exposure, it requires a quick and prompt medical evaluation. Waiting may decrease your chances for the best treatment options available for you. Remember that to acquire an infection one must come in contact with an infecti ...
(EBV) Infection Case Report and Review of Literature
(EBV) Infection Case Report and Review of Literature

... predominates over alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation but rarely rises above 500 U/L in IM. Alkaline phosphatase (Alk Phos) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) are also typically elevated above 85 U/L and 25 U/L, respectively, and bilirubin may be elevated as well. Liver enzymes usually reach a ...
Aquaculture and Fish Health - Baltic University Programme
Aquaculture and Fish Health - Baltic University Programme

... mainly seen in salmonids but probably all freshwater species in cold water are susceptible. The severity and signs of disease depends on the age or size of the fish. Young life stages are the most seriously affected with a systemic disease, sometimes with external lesions. At later lifestages ulcera ...
Clinical and Pathological Investigation on Turkey Diseases in North
Clinical and Pathological Investigation on Turkey Diseases in North

... encouraging cross infection (Saidu et al., 2004). This may also be the case for the high pox infection rates in turkeys observed in this study, which increased steadily from 2010 to 2013. This is especially the case in backyard rearing of turkey with other poultry species (Akanbi and Taiwo, 2013) in ...
Enhancing infectious diseases education and research - VLIR-UOS
Enhancing infectious diseases education and research - VLIR-UOS

... to avail the infrastructure and capacity it has built over the last 10 years to do collaborative research on the proposed areas with other partner institutions. Since Jimma University built capacity and has put in place good infrastructure it will serve as a hub to bring Ambo University, Hawassa Uni ...
Summary of Antibody Workshop: The Role of Humoral Immunity in
Summary of Antibody Workshop: The Role of Humoral Immunity in

... better when comparing the incidence beyond one incubation period following vaccination. This dramatic result was not only important in its own right but also in suggesting strongly (and correctly, as it turned out) that a poliovirus vaccine stimulating humoral immunity would be effective. Several ye ...
Vaccines for - MacGregor Medical Center
Vaccines for - MacGregor Medical Center

... All adults without evidence of immunity to varicella should receive 2 doses of single-antigen varicella vaccine if not previously vaccinated or the second dose if they have received only one dose unless they have a medical contraindication. Special consideration should be given to those who 1) have ...
Goat Sheep Abortion Diseases FVSU
Goat Sheep Abortion Diseases FVSU

... repeated in the  next  gestation. Ewes  and does  infected prior  to breeding  do not  abort.    Those  infected 30 to 90 days  after  breeding  usually  have  fetal resorption or mummification.  Most observed abortions occur in the  last  trimester  of  gestation, 2 to 3 weeks  before  term, after  ...
ON THE DYNAMICS OF A VACCINATION MODEL WITH MULTIPLE
ON THE DYNAMICS OF A VACCINATION MODEL WITH MULTIPLE

... The equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if and only if all the roots of the matrices J11 and J22 have negative real parts. It is easy to see that the matrix J22 has two negative eigenvalues, (−μ) and (−ξ). After some simple calculation, the two eigenvalues of J11 , (−μ) and (−φ − μ − θ) are ...
Hoja de información para expertos
Hoja de información para expertos

... hospitals and greater risk of death. The total burden of antimicrobial resistance across all the communicable diseases listed in Commission Decision 2000/96/EC (including nosocomial infections) is currently unknown. Preliminary estimates of the number of deaths directly attributable to hospital-acqu ...
PDF
PDF

... want to target disease intervention programs to specific agents based on their role in disease transmission (Greenhalgh 2010). More recently, with dramatic decreases in computational costs, agent-based modeling (ABM) has gained popularity as a new theoretical framework to study complex adaptive sys ...
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

... It should be noted that administration of the new vaccine recently released for commercial use will cause a cat to test positive on both of the above tests. We do not currently do have a test that will distinguish a vaccinated cat from a truly positive cat. Some veterinarians do not recommend the va ...
Global Journal of Health Science
Global Journal of Health Science

... main livestock centers of the country and consumption of raw dairy in the region is quite common. There isn’t any data about Q fever incidence in this region. It seems that most cases are undiagnosed. Our main target is to prove existence of Q fever human cases in Mazandaran province. We evaluated s ...
Document
Document

Diabetes - Diabetic Foot Management Center
Diabetes - Diabetic Foot Management Center

... inability to interpret internal pain correctly such as the “silent heart attack” ...
Document
Document

... purulent tracheal secretions new or worsening infiltrates on CXR ...
Data needs for evidence-based decisions: a tuberculosis modeler`s
Data needs for evidence-based decisions: a tuberculosis modeler`s

... Figure 3 Sensitivity and uncertainty of model outcomes with parameter variation. Bars represent the change in steady-state TB incidence in a simplified model of TB transmission (Figure 1) that would occur with specified increases (black bars) and decreases (white bars) in model parameters. The model ...
for ICD-10
for ICD-10

... Erythrocytes are red blood cells (RBCs). Erythrocytes are the most common type of blood cell and an organism’s principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues via the blood flow through the circulatory system. They take up oxygen in the lungs and release it while squeezing through the body’ ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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