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Diagnostic use of serum ferritin levels to differentiate infectious and
Diagnostic use of serum ferritin levels to differentiate infectious and

... unknown origin (FUO) caused by infectious and noninfectious diseases. METHODS: FUO patients were hospitalized at Chonnam National University Hospital between January, 2005 and December, 2011. According to the final diagnoses, five causes were identified, including infectious diseases, hematologic di ...
Volume VIII, Number 1 - Sabin Vaccine Institute
Volume VIII, Number 1 - Sabin Vaccine Institute

... Vaccines are one of medicine’s greatest triumphs because they prevent serious disease and death. Many once common infectious diseases such as polio, mumps, whooping cough, and rubella (German measles), are now only distant memories for most Americans. Today in the United States, we have few reminder ...
The Role of Disease Transmission and Conferred Immunity in
The Role of Disease Transmission and Conferred Immunity in

... 21%) of the additional cases of disease that occurred compared with the scenario in which the plant had not been closed, a result primarily driven by conferred immunity that resulted in depletion of the susceptible population; and 3) the outbreak was caused by a transmission cycle due to infectious ...
Dealing with Infectious Diseases Policy
Dealing with Infectious Diseases Policy

... Infectious disease: A disease that can be spread, for example, by air, water or interpersonal contact. An infectious disease is designated under Victorian Law or by a health authority (however described) as a disease that would require the infected person to be excluded from an education and care se ...
Management of human contacts of cases of leptospirosis in animals
Management of human contacts of cases of leptospirosis in animals

... the main serovars in dogs; they now include grippotyphosa and pomona (Prescott 2002). The reasons for this shift may include interaction with urban wildlife and vaccination for the previously major serovars (Public Health Agency of Canada 2001, Prescott 2002). 4.0 Epidemiological/Historical Informat ...
Economic Losses and Application Of Classic Swine
Economic Losses and Application Of Classic Swine

... control. For development of consistent CSF control program, it is necessary to define susceptible population with mandatory registration of all households and swine marking. It is our opinion that combined program should be used, which include stamping-out combined with emergency vaccination with co ...
Controversy continues to fuel the “Lyme War”
Controversy continues to fuel the “Lyme War”

... dark spot in the middle, or have a denuded center. The size varies from that of a quarter to 12 in or more.Some victims develop a diffuse rash over the entire body. EMs are commonly misdiagnosed as spider bites, cellulitis, or ringworm.To complicate matters further, as many as half the people who ac ...
BIOSAFETY
BIOSAFETY

... equipment and facilities suitable to the procedures being performed and hazards of the pathogen. The four biosafety levels corresponds to four risk groups. A lower risk group can be assigned a higher biosafety level, if a biological risk assessment carried out requires ...
PDF - ECronicon
PDF - ECronicon

... to replicate in macrophages shifts the clinical manifestations of FCoV infection from benign enteritis to a systemic and fatal inflammatory condition. Of note, soluble products produced by infected macrophages contribute to the immune-mediated pathology observed in FIPV disease. This theme-that viru ...
Week 45, 6-12 November 2016 CDTR - ECDC
Week 45, 6-12 November 2016 CDTR - ECDC

... Since 1 February 2016, Zika virus infection and the related clusters of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders constitute a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). Since 2015, and as of 10 November 2016, there have been 71 countries and territories reporting mosquito-b ...
Cutaneous anthrax cases leading compartment syndrome
Cutaneous anthrax cases leading compartment syndrome

... severe forms. Life-threatening important complications are extreme edema and toxic shock. In cutaneous anthrax cases mortality rates were 10 to 40 per cent before immunization and modern therapies whereas it is below rate of 1 per cent at present.8 Risk groups include butchers, farmers and veterinar ...
Minnesota Ebola Community Risk Assessment (PDF: 92KB/2 pages)
Minnesota Ebola Community Risk Assessment (PDF: 92KB/2 pages)

... Current Ebola clinical care capabilities and expected clinical need for the future Minnesota is well positioned to meet the medical needs of the returning travelers from the affected countries. Liberia accounts for almost 90 percent of all returning travelers and the tenfold decrease in EVD frequenc ...
Histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of infectious
Histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of infectious

... and meat, it proves to be a good and reliable source of income in rural areas [1]. There are several viral, bacterial, parasitic, and managemental diseases of poultry that cause direct financial loss to farmers. Among these, infectious bursal disease (IBD) ranks high. IBD, also known as Gumboro dise ...
medicina universitaria
medicina universitaria

... Ebola virus disease was irst described in 1976 originating from the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Since then, Ebola virus has become an important public health threat in Africa, and now it is of great concern worldwide due to the recent outbreaks (9216 cases with 4555 deaths up to ...
Real-time RT-PCR for the detection and quantitative
Real-time RT-PCR for the detection and quantitative

... Picornaviridae family. The variants ERAV and ERBV1 were originally assigned to the genus Rhinovirus of the family Picornaviridae and were known as equine rhinovirus 1 and 2. Subsequent to nucleotide sequence determination in the 1990s, ERAV was re-classified in the genus Aphthovirus on the basis of ...
Spatial dynamics and genetics of infectious diseases on
Spatial dynamics and genetics of infectious diseases on

... disjunct habitat patches. In the just-mentioned tree pathogen P. lateralis, spores can travel in the mud that sticks to vehicle tyres and this source of infection was found to account for most cases in which new drainages became invaded. In addition, trees along streams that were not crossed by a ro ...
Teacher`s Resource Kit
Teacher`s Resource Kit

... Include the work of Fleming, Pasteur, Koch, miasma theory, germ theory, McFarland Burnett, the manufacture of the first antibiotics on a mass scale, etc. Include the World Wars and major epidemics such as Smallpox, Bubonic Plague, and Spanish Influenza. ...
Review Ear – nose – throat manifestations of autoimmune rheumatic
Review Ear – nose – throat manifestations of autoimmune rheumatic

... time granulomatous lesions and/or diffuse mucosal thickening together with erosion and bony destruction of the septum and turbinates, erosion of the ethmoid sinuses and even complete bony obliteration of the maxillary, frontal and sphenoid sinuses may be apparent in CT scans (Fig. 2a, b) (19). The m ...
Mycoplasmas and Fastidious Gram Neg Bacteria
Mycoplasmas and Fastidious Gram Neg Bacteria

... n. It’s in the upper throat and is producing all this inflammation back there and a terrible cough. XI. Pertussis Epidemiology [S11] a. Disease has been known for number of years. b. Well-described even when they didn’t know what bacteria was in the 16th century. c. Vaccine-preventable disease. d. 2 ...
West Nile virus (WNV) - Boston Public Health Commission
West Nile virus (WNV) - Boston Public Health Commission

... headache, fever, nausea, vomiting and body aches lasting a few days to several weeks. WNV can cause more serious symptoms, including high fever, severe headache, confusion, lack of coordination, and permanent muscle weakness/paralysis. ...
Causes and spread of infection
Causes and spread of infection

... IC02 - Causes and spread of infection by Gaël Romanet ...
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

... those who cannot easily fight infection (people with weak immune systems). ...
Novel antibody binding determinants on the capsid surface of
Novel antibody binding determinants on the capsid surface of

... Five neutralizing antigenic sites have been described for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (FMDV) based on monoclonal antibody (mAb) escape mutant studies. However, a mutant virus selected to escape neutralization of mAb binding at all five sites was previously shown to confer complete cros ...
ANIMAL CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ARRANGEMENT OF
ANIMAL CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ARRANGEMENT OF

... fails to cause the same to be so cleansed and disinfected within such time after being cleansing to be done. notified so to do as the Minister directs, the Minister may cause the same to be cleansed and disinfected at the expense of such person. 25. All yards, stables, sheds or other premises used b ...
Sequence-Based Identification of Microbial Pathogens
Sequence-Based Identification of Microbial Pathogens

... The limitations of Koch’s postulates, evident in the 1800s, are even more pronounced today. Organisms such as Plasmodium falciparum and herpes simplex virus or other viruses cannot be grown alone, i.e., in cell-free culture, and hence cannot fulfill Koch’s postulates, yet they are unequivocally path ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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