IA Velikanova, AK Bolvako PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
... (b) the equilibrium constant is just the ratio of forward to reverse rate constants; (c) at equilibrium the concentrations no longer change with time; (d) the equilibrium constant is not affected by temperature changes. 11. The yield of AB(g) A(g) + B(g) ↔ AB(g) + heat would be increased by (a) decr ...
... (b) the equilibrium constant is just the ratio of forward to reverse rate constants; (c) at equilibrium the concentrations no longer change with time; (d) the equilibrium constant is not affected by temperature changes. 11. The yield of AB(g) A(g) + B(g) ↔ AB(g) + heat would be increased by (a) decr ...
Heat
... • Note that heat and temperature are related, but different, concepts. • We detect heat changes by measuring temperature changes. o A small temperature change does not mean a small amount of heat transfers! (Consider melting a lake!) o Use specific heat and mass to measure heat changes. o Heat equat ...
... • Note that heat and temperature are related, but different, concepts. • We detect heat changes by measuring temperature changes. o A small temperature change does not mean a small amount of heat transfers! (Consider melting a lake!) o Use specific heat and mass to measure heat changes. o Heat equat ...
Inorganic Chemistry 412 / 512
... Ti(III) is a reducing agent, and can reduce water to H2. Ti is an early transition metal, the effective nuclear charge is relatively low. Cu is late TM (right-hand side of the d-block), and has a much greater Zeff. It therefore is more diffucult to oxidize, and Cu(III) is an oxidizing agent, capable ...
... Ti(III) is a reducing agent, and can reduce water to H2. Ti is an early transition metal, the effective nuclear charge is relatively low. Cu is late TM (right-hand side of the d-block), and has a much greater Zeff. It therefore is more diffucult to oxidize, and Cu(III) is an oxidizing agent, capable ...
Chemistry 12 – Unit 3 – Chapter 5 – Thermochemistry
... ∆H0reaction = Σ n∆H0f products - Σ n∆H0f reactants ∆H0rxn = [6 mol x ∆H0f of H2O(l) + 6 mol x ∆H0f of CO2(g)] – [2 mol x ∆H0f of C3H6(g) + 9 mol x ∆H0f of O2(g)] ∆H0rxn = [ 6 mol x(-285.8 kJ/mol) + 6 mol x (-393.5 kJ/mol) ] – [ 2 mol x (17.8 kJ/mol) + 9 mol x (0 kJ/mol)] ∆H0rxn = [ -1714.8 kJ + -236 ...
... ∆H0reaction = Σ n∆H0f products - Σ n∆H0f reactants ∆H0rxn = [6 mol x ∆H0f of H2O(l) + 6 mol x ∆H0f of CO2(g)] – [2 mol x ∆H0f of C3H6(g) + 9 mol x ∆H0f of O2(g)] ∆H0rxn = [ 6 mol x(-285.8 kJ/mol) + 6 mol x (-393.5 kJ/mol) ] – [ 2 mol x (17.8 kJ/mol) + 9 mol x (0 kJ/mol)] ∆H0rxn = [ -1714.8 kJ + -236 ...
Redox Reactions
... 1) The ON of all pure elements is zero. 2) The ON of H is +1, except in hydrides, where it is -1. 3) The ON of O is -2, except in peroxides, where it is -1. 4) The algebraic sum of ON must equal zero for a neutral molecule or the charge on an ion. ...
... 1) The ON of all pure elements is zero. 2) The ON of H is +1, except in hydrides, where it is -1. 3) The ON of O is -2, except in peroxides, where it is -1. 4) The algebraic sum of ON must equal zero for a neutral molecule or the charge on an ion. ...
Chapter 19 - public.asu.edu
... • non-spontaneous • equilibrium Types of processes Spontaneous - occurs without external intervention Non-Spontaneous - does not occur unless energy is added from an external source Equilibrium - not all reactions go to completion; reversible reactions (can move back and forth along the same path) ...
... • non-spontaneous • equilibrium Types of processes Spontaneous - occurs without external intervention Non-Spontaneous - does not occur unless energy is added from an external source Equilibrium - not all reactions go to completion; reversible reactions (can move back and forth along the same path) ...
6.02 × 1023 molecules = 1 mole
... One of the most well-known numbers in the study of chemistry is number of units in a mole. The number of units in a mole is called Avogadro’s number (named after the Italian physicist). The mole is defined as the number of atoms in 12.0 grams of 12C. As you can tell from the equality below, the mole ...
... One of the most well-known numbers in the study of chemistry is number of units in a mole. The number of units in a mole is called Avogadro’s number (named after the Italian physicist). The mole is defined as the number of atoms in 12.0 grams of 12C. As you can tell from the equality below, the mole ...
Chapter 6
... An environmental chemist analyzed the effluent (waste) from an industrial process known to produce the compounds carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and benzoic acid (HC7H5O2), a weak acid that has one acidic hydrogen atom per molecule. A sample of the effluent weighing 0.3518 g was shaken with water, and t ...
... An environmental chemist analyzed the effluent (waste) from an industrial process known to produce the compounds carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and benzoic acid (HC7H5O2), a weak acid that has one acidic hydrogen atom per molecule. A sample of the effluent weighing 0.3518 g was shaken with water, and t ...
Slide 1
... A heat conversion system is designed to produce a desired power output. Typically, the engineer is provided with the desired output levels, the turbine thermodynamic and mechanical efficiencies and the operating point (inlet temperature and pressure). The task of the engineer then becomes to determi ...
... A heat conversion system is designed to produce a desired power output. Typically, the engineer is provided with the desired output levels, the turbine thermodynamic and mechanical efficiencies and the operating point (inlet temperature and pressure). The task of the engineer then becomes to determi ...
Energy
... ∆Hfo values can be used to calculate the standard enthalpy changes for many reactions. In an application of Hess’s Law, it is as if the reactants are decomposed into their elements, and then the elements are recombined into the desired products. Since enthalpies of reaction are independent of pathwa ...
... ∆Hfo values can be used to calculate the standard enthalpy changes for many reactions. In an application of Hess’s Law, it is as if the reactants are decomposed into their elements, and then the elements are recombined into the desired products. Since enthalpies of reaction are independent of pathwa ...
Matter and Measurement
... Products of decomposition reactions can sometimes be determined by looking for chemical formulas of stable molecules (e.g. H2O, HCl, CO2, SO2, NaCl) embedded in the compound being heated. ...
... Products of decomposition reactions can sometimes be determined by looking for chemical formulas of stable molecules (e.g. H2O, HCl, CO2, SO2, NaCl) embedded in the compound being heated. ...
Notes
... acids, or ammonium hydroxide as products of double replacement reactions, decompose them!) Ex. Excess hydrochloric acid solution is added to a solution of potassium sulfite. 2HCl(aq) + K2SO3(aq)2KCl(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g) Ex. A solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of ammonium chloride ...
... acids, or ammonium hydroxide as products of double replacement reactions, decompose them!) Ex. Excess hydrochloric acid solution is added to a solution of potassium sulfite. 2HCl(aq) + K2SO3(aq)2KCl(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g) Ex. A solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of ammonium chloride ...
Keq Assignment
... g) calcium ions and phosphate ions come out of solution to produce solid calcium phosphate. ...
... g) calcium ions and phosphate ions come out of solution to produce solid calcium phosphate. ...
The first practical method for asymmetric epoxidation
... for 1 equiv of both titanium isopropoxide and diethyl tartrate. This is by no means necessary in all cases. With reactive allylic alcohols (la, 2a, 3a, and 4a in Table I), a catalytic amount (e.g., 0.1 equiv) of both Ti(O-i-Pr)4 and diethyl tartrate sufficesI2under otherwise identical reaction condi ...
... for 1 equiv of both titanium isopropoxide and diethyl tartrate. This is by no means necessary in all cases. With reactive allylic alcohols (la, 2a, 3a, and 4a in Table I), a catalytic amount (e.g., 0.1 equiv) of both Ti(O-i-Pr)4 and diethyl tartrate sufficesI2under otherwise identical reaction condi ...
Module 3 Questions
... Examples: A change of state (solid/liquid/gas) can be reversed by adding or removing energy: the substance is still the same substance. A liquid-liquid solution (homogeneous mixture of two liquids) may be separated into its constituent substances by a physical process such as distillation. Making th ...
... Examples: A change of state (solid/liquid/gas) can be reversed by adding or removing energy: the substance is still the same substance. A liquid-liquid solution (homogeneous mixture of two liquids) may be separated into its constituent substances by a physical process such as distillation. Making th ...
Practice Writing AP Questions
... 11. A piece of lithium metal is dropped into a container of nitrogen gas. a. If the container was sealed quickly, what would you expect to happen to the pressure inside the container as the reaction proceeds? 12. Powdered magnesium oxide is added to a container of carbon dioxide gas. a. State the ox ...
... 11. A piece of lithium metal is dropped into a container of nitrogen gas. a. If the container was sealed quickly, what would you expect to happen to the pressure inside the container as the reaction proceeds? 12. Powdered magnesium oxide is added to a container of carbon dioxide gas. a. State the ox ...
A(g) - wwphs
... The universe is exactly the same as it was before the cyclic process. Irreversible: The universe is different after the cyclic process. All real processes are irreversible -(some work is changed to heat). Surroundings have less of an ability to do the work. Entropy is increasing!!!! ...
... The universe is exactly the same as it was before the cyclic process. Irreversible: The universe is different after the cyclic process. All real processes are irreversible -(some work is changed to heat). Surroundings have less of an ability to do the work. Entropy is increasing!!!! ...
CH 4: Chemical Reactions
... Other Weak bases – trimethyl ammonia N(CH3)3, C5H5N pyridine, ammonium hydroxide NH4OH, H2O water ...
... Other Weak bases – trimethyl ammonia N(CH3)3, C5H5N pyridine, ammonium hydroxide NH4OH, H2O water ...
Chlorine atom spin±orbit branching ratios and total
... the range Ecol 1:0±1:7 eV which demonstrate the increasing importance of the electronically nonadiabatic reaction channel H DCl ! HD Cl with increasing collision energy. The experimentally measured absolute reaction cross-sections were found to be in good agreement with previous measurements ...
... the range Ecol 1:0±1:7 eV which demonstrate the increasing importance of the electronically nonadiabatic reaction channel H DCl ! HD Cl with increasing collision energy. The experimentally measured absolute reaction cross-sections were found to be in good agreement with previous measurements ...
Catalysis
Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of an additional substance called a catalyst. With a catalyst, reactions occur faster and require less activation energy. Because catalysts are not consumed in the catalyzed reaction, they can continue to catalyze the reaction of further quantities of reactant. Often only tiny amounts are required.