Neural Machines for Music Recognition
... The outside world is perceived by human beings through the senses. In the outside world all sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For inst ...
... The outside world is perceived by human beings through the senses. In the outside world all sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For inst ...
the organization of the arthropod central nervous system
... final motor fibers, are present in all animals. Because the delay times involved are the shortest possible, monosynaptic reflexes are common in quick withdrawal movements, which generally have priority over all other responses. However it is quite incorrect to picture such a reflex as an event invol ...
... final motor fibers, are present in all animals. Because the delay times involved are the shortest possible, monosynaptic reflexes are common in quick withdrawal movements, which generally have priority over all other responses. However it is quite incorrect to picture such a reflex as an event invol ...
When Remembering Causes Forgetting: Electrophysiological
... formation (Macrae and McLeod 1998), and stereotype representation (Dunn and Spellman 2003; Quinn and others 2004). However, the neural mechanisms subserving this memory phenomenon have yet to be investigated. Retrieval-induced forgetting has been attributed to inhibitory control mechanisms that are ...
... formation (Macrae and McLeod 1998), and stereotype representation (Dunn and Spellman 2003; Quinn and others 2004). However, the neural mechanisms subserving this memory phenomenon have yet to be investigated. Retrieval-induced forgetting has been attributed to inhibitory control mechanisms that are ...
Sleep and sleep states: Thalamic regulation
... (Figure 2(a)). In contrast to thalamic slices, the intact TC system in vivo does not display such clear-cut propagation, but spindle oscillations are remarkably synchronized over extended thalamic regions and show very limited traveling-wave activity (Figure 2 (c)), in agreement with early observati ...
... (Figure 2(a)). In contrast to thalamic slices, the intact TC system in vivo does not display such clear-cut propagation, but spindle oscillations are remarkably synchronized over extended thalamic regions and show very limited traveling-wave activity (Figure 2 (c)), in agreement with early observati ...
The role of synaptic ion channels in synaptic
... neuronal activity. Conversely, synapses are weakened by noncoincidental neuronal firing. An integral component of this model is synaptic plasticity, which is the capacity of a synapse to adapt to overall neuronal activity. Indeed, a wealth of experimental data supports the idea that synaptic transmi ...
... neuronal activity. Conversely, synapses are weakened by noncoincidental neuronal firing. An integral component of this model is synaptic plasticity, which is the capacity of a synapse to adapt to overall neuronal activity. Indeed, a wealth of experimental data supports the idea that synaptic transmi ...
Controlling the Elements: An Optogenetic Approach to
... cell-type specificity. Furthermore, only some promoters can be appropriately truncated, which limits the number of cell populations that can be targeted using this approach. (C) Specific cell populations can also be targeted using a combined transgenic and virus based approach. In this method, trans ...
... cell-type specificity. Furthermore, only some promoters can be appropriately truncated, which limits the number of cell populations that can be targeted using this approach. (C) Specific cell populations can also be targeted using a combined transgenic and virus based approach. In this method, trans ...
Drug-drug interactions in inpatient and outpatient settings in Iran: a
... excitatory neurotransmission. They act on different parts of the brain and various molecular targets and cause different behavioral responses like amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, and immobility [1]. The association between the specific sites of CNS and the functions of general anesthetics has b ...
... excitatory neurotransmission. They act on different parts of the brain and various molecular targets and cause different behavioral responses like amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, and immobility [1]. The association between the specific sites of CNS and the functions of general anesthetics has b ...
Pituitary Gland Functional Connectivity and BMI by Paige Rucker A
... hormones, states of hyper-responsiveness to other neuropeptides in the body, and many other effects (Chalew et al. 1995). The most obvious connection seen between the pituitary gland and obesity is visible in the physical manifestations of Cushing’s syndrome. In Cushing’s syndrome, the body is subj ...
... hormones, states of hyper-responsiveness to other neuropeptides in the body, and many other effects (Chalew et al. 1995). The most obvious connection seen between the pituitary gland and obesity is visible in the physical manifestations of Cushing’s syndrome. In Cushing’s syndrome, the body is subj ...
CHAPTER 5 – Transpersonal Learning and Memory
... collective unconscious, Sheldrake’s hypothesis of formative causation, and Grof’s concept of systems of condensed experience. The topic of transpersonal memory and learning naturally leads to a discussion of how to enhance human performance in these three areas. Enhancing memory and learning above t ...
... collective unconscious, Sheldrake’s hypothesis of formative causation, and Grof’s concept of systems of condensed experience. The topic of transpersonal memory and learning naturally leads to a discussion of how to enhance human performance in these three areas. Enhancing memory and learning above t ...
Emo7onal decision‐making systems and their role in addic7on
... ‐Neutral stimuli associated with appetitive behaviors such as drug use come to represent and cue the behavior. As cue‐behavior‐outcome associations are strengthened, patterns of associations signal and drive behavior without the necessary involvement of conscious control processes. ‐ Once a st ...
... ‐Neutral stimuli associated with appetitive behaviors such as drug use come to represent and cue the behavior. As cue‐behavior‐outcome associations are strengthened, patterns of associations signal and drive behavior without the necessary involvement of conscious control processes. ‐ Once a st ...
A GPU-accelerated cortical neural network model for visually guided
... Minch, & Delbruck, 2010; Wen & Boahen, 2009). Thus, developing complex spiking networks that display cognitive functions or learn behavioral abilities through autonomous interaction may also represent an important step toward realizing functional largescale networks on neuromorphic hardware. Overall ...
... Minch, & Delbruck, 2010; Wen & Boahen, 2009). Thus, developing complex spiking networks that display cognitive functions or learn behavioral abilities through autonomous interaction may also represent an important step toward realizing functional largescale networks on neuromorphic hardware. Overall ...
Quantitative morphological changes in neurons from the dorsal
... Our results show that there are no significant changes in somata and nuclear size between the ages of 3 and 24 months. However, between the 24th and the 30th months, an important increase in all these parameters is observed (P , 0.01). Thus the area of the cell body increases from 150.23 6 2.83% µm2 ...
... Our results show that there are no significant changes in somata and nuclear size between the ages of 3 and 24 months. However, between the 24th and the 30th months, an important increase in all these parameters is observed (P , 0.01). Thus the area of the cell body increases from 150.23 6 2.83% µm2 ...
Cognitive Science: Emerging Perspectives and Approaches
... outputs and a fixed neural architecture. Mostly low-level processes are modular and highlevel processes like memory are not modular. Pylyshyn (1999) has emphasized that the most important aspect of a module is encapsulation i.e., the processes inside a module are not subject to cognitive influences ...
... outputs and a fixed neural architecture. Mostly low-level processes are modular and highlevel processes like memory are not modular. Pylyshyn (1999) has emphasized that the most important aspect of a module is encapsulation i.e., the processes inside a module are not subject to cognitive influences ...
18 Coordination in Behavior and Cognition
... representational contents. The Coherent Infomax Theory suggests that coordinating interactions are essentially modulatory in nature and, thus, have only weak effects on the information carried by neural responses, which are considered to result mainly from bottom-up inputs into the respective circui ...
... representational contents. The Coherent Infomax Theory suggests that coordinating interactions are essentially modulatory in nature and, thus, have only weak effects on the information carried by neural responses, which are considered to result mainly from bottom-up inputs into the respective circui ...
Heading: Sensory Deprivation in Humans, Mice, and History Caleb B. Carson Running Head: Sensory Deprivation
... tests in human subjects, until a means in which to test people, and theories, was developed by John C Lilly. For a long time, people theorised outlandish possibilities of what would happen when someone was deprived of nearly all their senses. Some believed you could contact other worlds, while mo ...
... tests in human subjects, until a means in which to test people, and theories, was developed by John C Lilly. For a long time, people theorised outlandish possibilities of what would happen when someone was deprived of nearly all their senses. Some believed you could contact other worlds, while mo ...
Neural computations associated with goal
... contingencies changed probabilistically over time. They found that lesions to the ACC sulcus, but not to the OFC, impaired action based choices, and that the opposite was true for stimulus based choices. ...
... contingencies changed probabilistically over time. They found that lesions to the ACC sulcus, but not to the OFC, impaired action based choices, and that the opposite was true for stimulus based choices. ...
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
... Tardif, 1992; Cho et al., 1995) suggests the existence of learning- and memory-related functions in these areas, and the three systems dealt with here undoubtedly interact with these substrates. It is also sometimes suggested that plasticity is a general property of the nervous system, and that expe ...
... Tardif, 1992; Cho et al., 1995) suggests the existence of learning- and memory-related functions in these areas, and the three systems dealt with here undoubtedly interact with these substrates. It is also sometimes suggested that plasticity is a general property of the nervous system, and that expe ...
The neural mechanisms of top- down attentional control
... poroparietal junction) are more MFG, middle frontal gyrus; SPL, superior parietal lobule; CUN, cuneus; LG, lingual gyrus; FG, fusiform gyrus. critical than superior parietal regions for normal performance in spatial cueing tasks29. Neuroimaging studies in humans reveal activations in the posthe cort ...
... poroparietal junction) are more MFG, middle frontal gyrus; SPL, superior parietal lobule; CUN, cuneus; LG, lingual gyrus; FG, fusiform gyrus. critical than superior parietal regions for normal performance in spatial cueing tasks29. Neuroimaging studies in humans reveal activations in the posthe cort ...
Voltage-Dependent Switching of Sensorimotor Integration by a
... recruitment and effects to the respective adaptive processes. These data therefore suggest a novel state-dependent mechanism by which an endogenously active central network can decrease or increase its responsiveness to the same sensory input. Key words: central pattern generator; sensorimotor adapt ...
... recruitment and effects to the respective adaptive processes. These data therefore suggest a novel state-dependent mechanism by which an endogenously active central network can decrease or increase its responsiveness to the same sensory input. Key words: central pattern generator; sensorimotor adapt ...
Three-dimensional spatiotemporal focusing of holographic patterns
... near the centre of the FOE can compensate the positiondependent intensity decrease (Supplementary Fig. 3g). This can be accomplished either by reducing the incident laser power or by redirecting light into an extra spot similar to the procedure described in Supplementary Fig. 3d–f. 3D-CGH-TF spatiot ...
... near the centre of the FOE can compensate the positiondependent intensity decrease (Supplementary Fig. 3g). This can be accomplished either by reducing the incident laser power or by redirecting light into an extra spot similar to the procedure described in Supplementary Fig. 3d–f. 3D-CGH-TF spatiot ...
Effects of excess vitamin B6 intake on cerebral cortex neurons in rat
... dendrites, neuropil degeneration in cortical layers, glial proliferation in the area of neuronal loss [35], and decreased number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum [6, 21, 26]. Interestingly, we have observed similar changes in the cerebral cortex in the experimental groups receiving excessive vita ...
... dendrites, neuropil degeneration in cortical layers, glial proliferation in the area of neuronal loss [35], and decreased number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum [6, 21, 26]. Interestingly, we have observed similar changes in the cerebral cortex in the experimental groups receiving excessive vita ...
Retelling is not the same as recalling: Implications
... a sorority or fraternity, emphasizing that character’s social abilities. In another retelling condition, subjects complained to the Office of Student Housing about the target and emphasized his or her annoying behaviors. Twenty minutes later, all subjects were instructed to recall the original story ...
... a sorority or fraternity, emphasizing that character’s social abilities. In another retelling condition, subjects complained to the Office of Student Housing about the target and emphasized his or her annoying behaviors. Twenty minutes later, all subjects were instructed to recall the original story ...
Understanding Embodied Cognition through Dynamical Systems
... only if it is stabilized against the majority of such perturbative inputs. A central concept of DST is that the dynamical systems which nervous systems form together with their coupling to the sensory and motor systems are best characterized by their attractor states. Dynamical systems with converge ...
... only if it is stabilized against the majority of such perturbative inputs. A central concept of DST is that the dynamical systems which nervous systems form together with their coupling to the sensory and motor systems are best characterized by their attractor states. Dynamical systems with converge ...
(< 50 m) non-transfected neurons using laser scanning
... The fluorescence images show that PSD-95 is highly concentrated in spines (Figure 1), where it associates with its ‘binders’ in the PSD (Figure S4A and S4B). PSD-95 unbinds with rate constant koff, and binds with rate constant kon. After unbinding, PSD-95 can escape the spine and diffuse along the d ...
... The fluorescence images show that PSD-95 is highly concentrated in spines (Figure 1), where it associates with its ‘binders’ in the PSD (Figure S4A and S4B). PSD-95 unbinds with rate constant koff, and binds with rate constant kon. After unbinding, PSD-95 can escape the spine and diffuse along the d ...
