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Cannabis and cognition: short- and long
Cannabis and cognition: short- and long

... (greater errors) on a Sternberg memory task following acute administration of THC (O’Leary et al., 2007), and these have been associated with reduced frontal-midline EEG theta power (Bocker et  al., 2007). Acute effects of cannabinoids on electrophysiology have also been demonstrated in infrequent c ...
Chapter 14 - Brain and Spinal Cord
Chapter 14 - Brain and Spinal Cord

...  The Adult Human Brain  Ranges from 750 cc to 2100 cc  Contains almost 97% of the body’s neural tissue  Average weight about 1.4 kg (3 lb)  Male brains are typically larger but there is no correlation between brain size and intelligence. ...
Forward Processing of Long-Term Associative Memory in Monkey
Forward Processing of Long-Term Associative Memory in Monkey

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

... of the pathogenic agent. Another phenomenon is the appearance of new, abnormal integration of modified neural structures. The very "damage" is not the development of the pathological process. He plays the role of the causes and conditions of this development, which is carried out its own endogenous ...
521 THE CHOLINERGIC LIMBIC SYSTEM: PROJECTIONS TO
521 THE CHOLINERGIC LIMBIC SYSTEM: PROJECTIONS TO

... (a) Nuclei supplying medial cortex.—The anterior thalamic nuclei are supplied directly by fornix fibres as well as indirectly through the mammillothalamic tract (Guillery, 1966; Nauta, 1956). The anteroventral nucleus is rich in both AChE and ChE, which is located in the cells and extracellularly in ...
FREE Sample Here
FREE Sample Here

... 24) Which of the following would occur if the dendrites were no longer able to do their job? A) No new information would ever reach the cell body. Incorrect. Receptor sites are present on cell bodies, so some information would still be taken in. B) No changes in the processing of neural information ...
FREE Sample Here
FREE Sample Here

... 24) Which of the following would occur if the dendrites were no longer able to do their job? A) No new information would ever reach the cell body. Incorrect. Receptor sites are present on cell bodies, so some information would still be taken in. B) No changes in the processing of neural information ...
Neuroimaging and ADHD: fMRI, PET, DTI Findings, and
Neuroimaging and ADHD: fMRI, PET, DTI Findings, and

... activation in medication naïve children with ADHD during a rewarded continuous performance task. Particularly noteworthy about this study is that administration of a single dose of methylphenidate, increased activation throughout this same network, suggesting methylphenidate may help regulate or “no ...
mastering-the-world-of-psychology-4th-edition-wood
mastering-the-world-of-psychology-4th-edition-wood

... 24) Which of the following would occur if the dendrites were no longer able to do their job? A) No new information would ever reach the cell body. Incorrect. Receptor sites are present on cell bodies, so some information would still be taken in. B) No changes in the processing of neural information ...
The mirror neuron system and its role in learning Master`s thesis by
The mirror neuron system and its role in learning Master`s thesis by

... Since their discovery in monkeys some seventeen years ago, mirror neurons have been the focus of an extensive debate. These neurons are active both when a monkey observes an action and when it executes the same action. Clustered in the ventral premotor cortex and inferior parietal lobule, these area ...
Olfactory maps, circuits and computations
Olfactory maps, circuits and computations

... an ‘unrolled’ olfactory bulb might organize olfactory information (i.e. inputs to single glomeruli) into a two-dimensional map that represents features of olfactory space. The unusual anatomy of the olfactory bulb therefore potentially reconciles the idea that olfactory space is discrete (via molecu ...
A Cortical Substrate for Memory
A Cortical Substrate for Memory

... FOF in anesthetized, head-fixed rats produced both eye and whisker motions and suggested it was an eye-head orientation cortex, homologous to the FEF. More recently, based on the whisker motions evoked by electrical stimulation of the FOF, the area has been studied as a whisker motor cortex (Brecht ...
Synaptic Distinction of Laminar-specific Prefrontal-temporal Pathways in Primates
Synaptic Distinction of Laminar-specific Prefrontal-temporal Pathways in Primates

... the injection was in area 32 (cases AY, BG), and in three in area 10, including its rostral (case BA) and caudal (cases BC, BF) parts. In one of the latter cases, the injection included a small part of adjacent area 9 (case BC). The size of the injection sites is shown in Figure 1. The rostrocaudal ...
facing page
facing page

... persistent effect after 90 days. So, these animals had a three-month period without exposure. We have been focused on two main hippocampal areas: CA1 and CA3. Both areas have specific structures, molecular peculiarities and neuronal networks. In these regions we evaluated the effect of toluene misus ...
Here is a link
Here is a link

... space is directly responsible for the generation of field potentials (Fig. 2.3). Particular significance must be ascribed to the synaptic processes as causing events for the field potentials in question, especially for their time course. In accordance with these statements, the generation of extrace ...
Cell-intrinsic drivers of dendrite morphogenesis
Cell-intrinsic drivers of dendrite morphogenesis

... Exuberant dendrite arbors are then pruned with the elimination of some processes but not others, yielding the dendrites that will persist after development. These remaining dendrites undergo a process of differentiation and maturation, whereby they develop specialized structures suited to the format ...
First-in-first-out item replacement in a model of
First-in-first-out item replacement in a model of

... strengths. During learning, these simulations depend on the repeated presentations of spike patterns that are separated by time intervals smaller than about 40 ms, a window within which consecutive pre- and postsynaptic spikes were found to elicit long-term potentiation (Levy and Stewart, 1983; Mark ...
Richard Semon`s Theory of Memory
Richard Semon`s Theory of Memory

... "memory consciousness," concerning the form and content of memory imagery and individual differences in this imagery, had "...come to the foreground of memory investigation" (p.285); and the analysis of recognition was becoming a full-fledged experimental problem. But again there was a remarkable ab ...
Rationalizing Context-Dependent Preferences: Divisive
Rationalizing Context-Dependent Preferences: Divisive

... The question of whether stochastic choice behaviour can be rationalized, and how such behaviour depends on the choice set, has long been of interest in economics. Block and Marschak (1960) first laid out a necessary regularity condition for the existence of a random utility representation, under whi ...
Neural substrates for conditioned taste aversion in the rat.
Neural substrates for conditioned taste aversion in the rat.

... Several researchers [8.141.169] have shown that reliable CTAs can be established when the CS presentation coincides with the injection of LiC1 (US), or even when the US precedes the CS by 5 to 10 rain. In other words, when the US precedes the CS more than 10 min. no reliable CTAs can be formed. Comp ...
Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (March 20, 2003). 10.1152/jn
Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (March 20, 2003). 10.1152/jn

... in our model, Kir2 and Ksi (si, slowly inactivating), have been shown (Nisenbaum and Wilson 1995) to account for the characteristic nonlinear voltage dependence of the outward current measured in spiny neurons. We recognize that the si K+ current is likely to arise from at least two channel types, b ...
Tuning Curve Shift by Attention Modulation in Cortical Neurons: a
Tuning Curve Shift by Attention Modulation in Cortical Neurons: a

... 4C). When we simulate an attentional signal with inhibitory surround effect, we use r9A = 0.52, A0 = –0.48 and A1 = 1.5. For each of these models, and each parameter set explored, we found the network activity pattern in response to a single stimulus (centered at xS), and the spatial tuning curve of ...
ABSTRACT The Auditory Brainstem Response: History and Future
ABSTRACT The Auditory Brainstem Response: History and Future

... threshold potential, then the nerve will produce an electrical signal, called an action potential. After the generation of the action potential, potassium (K+) ions leave the cell and bring membrane potential back down to resting. The action potential travels from the axon hillock down the axon as t ...
TINNITUS WHAT DO WE KNOW AND WHAT DO WE NOT KNOW
TINNITUS WHAT DO WE KNOW AND WHAT DO WE NOT KNOW

... Abnor mality ...
Analysis of Firing Correlations Between Sympathetic Premotor
Analysis of Firing Correlations Between Sympathetic Premotor

... Recent intracellular recordings from rat RVLM sympathetic premotor neurons in vivo demonstrate that under normal experimental conditions, action potentials in sympathetic premotor neurons invariably arise from depolarizing events with the characteristics of excitatory synaptic inputs (Lipski et al. ...
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Holonomic brain theory

The holonomic brain theory, developed by neuroscientist Karl Pribram initially in collaboration with physicist David Bohm, is a model of human cognition that describes the brain as a holographic storage network. Pribram suggests these processes involve electric oscillations in the brain's fine-fibered dendritic webs, which are different from the more commonly known action potentials involving axons and synapses. These oscillations are waves and create wave interference patterns in which memory is encoded naturally, and the waves may be analyzed by a Fourier transform. Gabor, Pribram and others noted the similarities between these brain processes and the storage of information in a hologram, which can also be analyzed with a Fourier transform. In a hologram, any part of the hologram with sufficient size contains the whole of the stored information. In this theory, a piece of a long-term memory is similarly distributed over a dendritic arbor so that each part of the dendritic network contains all the information stored over the entire network. This model allows for important aspects of human consciousness, including the fast associative memory that allows for connections between different pieces of stored information and the non-locality of memory storage (a specific memory is not stored in a specific location, i.e. a certain neuron).
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