1 Video-microscopic imaging of cell spatio
... The development of cellular biology has been for a long time dependent on the witness to describe cellular function through static images of cells, without taking in consideration the time-dependent fluctuations. To date, an increasing number of investigations are using live-cell imaging to provide ...
... The development of cellular biology has been for a long time dependent on the witness to describe cellular function through static images of cells, without taking in consideration the time-dependent fluctuations. To date, an increasing number of investigations are using live-cell imaging to provide ...
Positioning and differentiation of veins in the Drosophila wing
... *Address for reprints: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3TH, United Kingdom. FAX: 44 1223 333992. ...
... *Address for reprints: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3TH, United Kingdom. FAX: 44 1223 333992. ...
et al
... Transposable elements are the most abundant interspersed sequences in human genome. It has been estimated that approximately 45% of the human genome comprises of transposable elements. Most of transposable elements are transcriptionally silent in human normal tissues, however, some of transposable e ...
... Transposable elements are the most abundant interspersed sequences in human genome. It has been estimated that approximately 45% of the human genome comprises of transposable elements. Most of transposable elements are transcriptionally silent in human normal tissues, however, some of transposable e ...
Ran on tracks – cytoplasmic roles for a nuclear regulator
... might require local production of RanGTP in axonal cytoplasm, perhaps by an as-yet-unidentified axonal RanGEF (Fig. 2) (see also below). In vivo perturbation of the system by introducing a dominant-negative Ran mutant or by adding blocking antibodies against Ran or RanBP1 inhibited injury responses ...
... might require local production of RanGTP in axonal cytoplasm, perhaps by an as-yet-unidentified axonal RanGEF (Fig. 2) (see also below). In vivo perturbation of the system by introducing a dominant-negative Ran mutant or by adding blocking antibodies against Ran or RanBP1 inhibited injury responses ...
interaction between tumor and immune system: the role of tumor cell
... and density of these receptors [4–7]. However, the expression of these receptors, their surface density and functional activity could not guarantee tumor cell lysis. Necessary condition for lysis is the expression of receptors’ ligands by tumor cells. Ligands for NКG2D are MIC (MICA, MICB) associate ...
... and density of these receptors [4–7]. However, the expression of these receptors, their surface density and functional activity could not guarantee tumor cell lysis. Necessary condition for lysis is the expression of receptors’ ligands by tumor cells. Ligands for NКG2D are MIC (MICA, MICB) associate ...
Immune Escape of Melanoma: First Evidence of Structural
... no naturally occurring homozygous deletion resulting in the inactivation of TAP protein has been demonstrated in any murine and human tumor cell line. Chen et al. (11) demonstrated an R-to-Q substitution at residue 659 in the TAP1 subunit. This codon is located in the cytosolic domain of the ATP-bin ...
... no naturally occurring homozygous deletion resulting in the inactivation of TAP protein has been demonstrated in any murine and human tumor cell line. Chen et al. (11) demonstrated an R-to-Q substitution at residue 659 in the TAP1 subunit. This codon is located in the cytosolic domain of the ATP-bin ...
Unit Operations of Tissue Development: Epithelial
... the biomechanical mechanisms of epithelial folding. Such computational studies, which can be generalized to explain folding epithelia in other contexts, provide important insights into the role of biomechanics and geometry during animal development. Further, they provide predictions that can be veri ...
... the biomechanical mechanisms of epithelial folding. Such computational studies, which can be generalized to explain folding epithelia in other contexts, provide important insights into the role of biomechanics and geometry during animal development. Further, they provide predictions that can be veri ...
Cell Morphology and Organization
... connected to one another by plasmodesmata, which brings the cytoplasm of neighboring cells into contact. Animal cells are linked together by one of three junctions; each with its own function: desmosomes, tight and gap junctions. Vacuoles are important membrane bound structures found mostly in plant ...
... connected to one another by plasmodesmata, which brings the cytoplasm of neighboring cells into contact. Animal cells are linked together by one of three junctions; each with its own function: desmosomes, tight and gap junctions. Vacuoles are important membrane bound structures found mostly in plant ...
Simultaneous siRNA-mediated silencing of pairs of genes coding for
... core proteins of proteoglycans (Wilson, 2004) and has been shown to play an important role in proteoglycan homeostasis (Götting et al., 2007). In mammals, two highly homologous active isoenzymes named XT-I and XT-II (Götting et al., 2000; Pönighaus et al., 2007; Voglmeir et al., 2007) are encoded by ...
... core proteins of proteoglycans (Wilson, 2004) and has been shown to play an important role in proteoglycan homeostasis (Götting et al., 2007). In mammals, two highly homologous active isoenzymes named XT-I and XT-II (Götting et al., 2000; Pönighaus et al., 2007; Voglmeir et al., 2007) are encoded by ...
Studies of vacuolar trafficking pathways regulated by RAB5 and
... a reporter of cortical cells (Figure 3c-f) (Heidstra et al. 2004). Observation of the roots transformed with these markers revealed that the increase in cell layers in mutant roots was caused by periclinal divisions of endodermal cells (Figure 3g,h). The outer daughter cells of divided endodermal c ...
... a reporter of cortical cells (Figure 3c-f) (Heidstra et al. 2004). Observation of the roots transformed with these markers revealed that the increase in cell layers in mutant roots was caused by periclinal divisions of endodermal cells (Figure 3g,h). The outer daughter cells of divided endodermal c ...
Plant Stem Cell Niches: Standing the Test of Time
... Furthermore, abrogation of PLT-class gene activity leads to a complete loss of all basal structures including the entire embryonic root and part of the embryonic stem (hypocotyl). In contrast, ectopic expression of PLT1 or PLT2 results in the proliferation of basal cell identities as well as the for ...
... Furthermore, abrogation of PLT-class gene activity leads to a complete loss of all basal structures including the entire embryonic root and part of the embryonic stem (hypocotyl). In contrast, ectopic expression of PLT1 or PLT2 results in the proliferation of basal cell identities as well as the for ...
The bacterial Cell Wall
... The outer membrane has several specialized functions Its strong negative charge is an important factor in evading phagocytosis Provides a barrier to certain antibiotics (for example penicillin), digestive enzymes, detergents ...
... The outer membrane has several specialized functions Its strong negative charge is an important factor in evading phagocytosis Provides a barrier to certain antibiotics (for example penicillin), digestive enzymes, detergents ...
Mathematical Modelling of the Loss of Tissue Compression
... [74]. Tendons consists of 55-70% of water and a substantial part of this is associated with proteoglycans in the ECM. Of the tendon dry weight, 66-85% is collagen [67]. Regarding the rate of production, in vitro endogenous proteins such as fibronectin and von Willebrand factor are released by endoth ...
... [74]. Tendons consists of 55-70% of water and a substantial part of this is associated with proteoglycans in the ECM. Of the tendon dry weight, 66-85% is collagen [67]. Regarding the rate of production, in vitro endogenous proteins such as fibronectin and von Willebrand factor are released by endoth ...
Question paper - Unit F222/01 - Growth, development and
... four groups depending upon how much soy food they ate. Suggest two further factors that needed to be controlled in Dr Chavarro’s study in order to make valid conclusions from the results. ...
... four groups depending upon how much soy food they ate. Suggest two further factors that needed to be controlled in Dr Chavarro’s study in order to make valid conclusions from the results. ...
mHDA1/HDAC5 Histone Deacetylase Interacts with and
... possibility, we first expressed HDAC5 and MEF2A in HeLa cells and examined the formation of complexes bearing both proteins in vivo by co-immunoprecipitation. Extracts obtained from cells transfected with HA-tagged HDAC5, MEF2A, and both expression vectors were immunoprecipitated with anti-MEF2 anti ...
... possibility, we first expressed HDAC5 and MEF2A in HeLa cells and examined the formation of complexes bearing both proteins in vivo by co-immunoprecipitation. Extracts obtained from cells transfected with HA-tagged HDAC5, MEF2A, and both expression vectors were immunoprecipitated with anti-MEF2 anti ...
this PDF file
... other and the cell began to elongate. Examination of nuclei during the cell division of N. oblongum was conducted by fluorescence microscopy (Figure 3a-d). Nuclear division occurred at the center of the two chloroplasts (Figure 3a, b). After mitosis and septum formation, each daughter nucleus moved ...
... other and the cell began to elongate. Examination of nuclei during the cell division of N. oblongum was conducted by fluorescence microscopy (Figure 3a-d). Nuclear division occurred at the center of the two chloroplasts (Figure 3a, b). After mitosis and septum formation, each daughter nucleus moved ...
A tightly regulated inducible expression system for
... previously [2,3]. Activity of this promoter was responsive to tetracycline (Tc) concentration, in T. brucei expressing TetR. Expression of genes linked to this Tc-responsive PARP promoter could be controlled with nanomolar amounts of Tc, over a 10 000-fold range [2]. In the prototypal inducible expr ...
... previously [2,3]. Activity of this promoter was responsive to tetracycline (Tc) concentration, in T. brucei expressing TetR. Expression of genes linked to this Tc-responsive PARP promoter could be controlled with nanomolar amounts of Tc, over a 10 000-fold range [2]. In the prototypal inducible expr ...
The Role of MMP9 in Satellite Cell Activation After
... leads to an increase in activated satellite cells in both WT and MMP-9 KO mice (see Table 1) consistent with previous findings (4). Additionally, it appears that increased muscle size is attributed to the growth of existing fibers, not the addition of new fibers (see Table 2). However, due to a smal ...
... leads to an increase in activated satellite cells in both WT and MMP-9 KO mice (see Table 1) consistent with previous findings (4). Additionally, it appears that increased muscle size is attributed to the growth of existing fibers, not the addition of new fibers (see Table 2). However, due to a smal ...
EGF cell surface receptor quantitation on ocular cells by an
... Seven ocular cell types, derived from rabbit and human tissue, and four control cell lines (human and murine) were analyzed byflowcytometry for the presence of EGF cell surface receptors. The quantities of detectable EGF receptors are reported in Table 1. Calculated mean receptor densities ranged fr ...
... Seven ocular cell types, derived from rabbit and human tissue, and four control cell lines (human and murine) were analyzed byflowcytometry for the presence of EGF cell surface receptors. The quantities of detectable EGF receptors are reported in Table 1. Calculated mean receptor densities ranged fr ...
+ BMP-4
... Morphogenic Protein-4 (BMP-4), made by neuroectodermal cells. 4. BMP-4 inhibits neuralization and promotes the epidermal fate in neighboring cells. 5. Mesodermal cells secrete proteins (Chordin, Noggin, Follistatin) which directly bind and antagonizes BMP-4 activity. 6. Neuroectodermal cells become ...
... Morphogenic Protein-4 (BMP-4), made by neuroectodermal cells. 4. BMP-4 inhibits neuralization and promotes the epidermal fate in neighboring cells. 5. Mesodermal cells secrete proteins (Chordin, Noggin, Follistatin) which directly bind and antagonizes BMP-4 activity. 6. Neuroectodermal cells become ...
COMMENTARY REDOX SIGNALLING BY TRANSCRIPTION
... activate the transcription factor, it is very likely that oxidative stress is elicited by more than one means. In the case of TNF, a very potent activator of NF-KB, it has been suggested that the respiratory chain of mitochondria is the site of ROI formation, which is important for the cytotoxicity ...
... activate the transcription factor, it is very likely that oxidative stress is elicited by more than one means. In the case of TNF, a very potent activator of NF-KB, it has been suggested that the respiratory chain of mitochondria is the site of ROI formation, which is important for the cytotoxicity ...
Protein Kinase A Activation Down-Regulates, Whereas Extracellular
... Monoaminergic systems are related to the action of methamphetamine and cocaine. Of these, the dopaminergic system plays an important role in the methamphetamine- or cocaine-induced sensitization in animals. There are two superfamilies of dopamine (DA) receptors, designated D1- and D2-like receptors. ...
... Monoaminergic systems are related to the action of methamphetamine and cocaine. Of these, the dopaminergic system plays an important role in the methamphetamine- or cocaine-induced sensitization in animals. There are two superfamilies of dopamine (DA) receptors, designated D1- and D2-like receptors. ...