Dissection of the Blue-Light-Dependent Signal
... We limited our investigations to the light-controlled conversion of pregametes to gametes because this second step in gametic differentiation is completely blue-lightdependent (Weissig and Beck, 1991).In addition, it is complete within a few hours (Treier et al., 1989; Beck and Acker, 1992) and can ...
... We limited our investigations to the light-controlled conversion of pregametes to gametes because this second step in gametic differentiation is completely blue-lightdependent (Weissig and Beck, 1991).In addition, it is complete within a few hours (Treier et al., 1989; Beck and Acker, 1992) and can ...
Signalling in Plant Lateral Organ Development
... A plant lateral organ, defined here as either a leaf or a leaflike organ of the shoot or flower, arises from a group of initial cells within the flanks of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) or floral meristem. For example, the tobacco leaf is formed from a group of 100 initial cells in all three histo ...
... A plant lateral organ, defined here as either a leaf or a leaflike organ of the shoot or flower, arises from a group of initial cells within the flanks of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) or floral meristem. For example, the tobacco leaf is formed from a group of 100 initial cells in all three histo ...
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... been provided from studies of a spider, Cupiennius salei, which segments sequentially from a posterior differentiation zone, which is at least analogous to the situation in vertebrates. In situ hybridization studies reveal variable patterns of expression for genes including Csa-hairy and Csa-delta, ...
... been provided from studies of a spider, Cupiennius salei, which segments sequentially from a posterior differentiation zone, which is at least analogous to the situation in vertebrates. In situ hybridization studies reveal variable patterns of expression for genes including Csa-hairy and Csa-delta, ...
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... and position of the clones (Raeppli-NLS). In the second construct, the fluorescent proteins are targeted to membranes by a Ras farnasylation sequence (CAAX box), which is useful to analyze cell and clone shape changes (Raeppli-CAAX). High efficiency of recombination was obtained by using the phiC31 ...
... and position of the clones (Raeppli-NLS). In the second construct, the fluorescent proteins are targeted to membranes by a Ras farnasylation sequence (CAAX box), which is useful to analyze cell and clone shape changes (Raeppli-CAAX). High efficiency of recombination was obtained by using the phiC31 ...
The role of cell cycle–regulated expression in the
... budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such polarization allows asymmetric growth to form a bud, which becomes the daughter cell. An important feature of cell polarization is the selection of an axis. In S. cerevisiae, this is manifested in the selection of bud sites, which occurs in two distinct p ...
... budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such polarization allows asymmetric growth to form a bud, which becomes the daughter cell. An important feature of cell polarization is the selection of an axis. In S. cerevisiae, this is manifested in the selection of bud sites, which occurs in two distinct p ...
A role for the DNA-damage checkpoint kinase Chk1 in the virulence
... AB33 and AB34 strains growing in induction (MM-NO3) and noninduction (MM-NH4) conditions were incubated with Suc1conjugated Sepharose beads and purified fractions assayed for histone H1 kinase activity (Fig. 2A). Consistently with the inability of the hyphae to enter mitosis, Cdk1-associated kinase ...
... AB33 and AB34 strains growing in induction (MM-NO3) and noninduction (MM-NH4) conditions were incubated with Suc1conjugated Sepharose beads and purified fractions assayed for histone H1 kinase activity (Fig. 2A). Consistently with the inability of the hyphae to enter mitosis, Cdk1-associated kinase ...
Epigenetic Control of Cell Division and Cell Differentiation in the
... review, see Chen et al. (2010)]. Histone modifications have essential roles in plant development, such as seed development, vegetative growth, floral induction, and flower morphogenesis [for a review, see Wagner (2003)]. Chromatin structures are controlled not only at the level of histone modification, ...
... review, see Chen et al. (2010)]. Histone modifications have essential roles in plant development, such as seed development, vegetative growth, floral induction, and flower morphogenesis [for a review, see Wagner (2003)]. Chromatin structures are controlled not only at the level of histone modification, ...
Default neural induction: neuralization of dissociated Xenopus cells
... to their normal epidermal fate. Since BMP and MAPK signaling are integrated during neural induction, we decided to investigate whether cell dissociation in conditions that cause neural differentiation might induce a stronger, or more prolonged, activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway. In the present pape ...
... to their normal epidermal fate. Since BMP and MAPK signaling are integrated during neural induction, we decided to investigate whether cell dissociation in conditions that cause neural differentiation might induce a stronger, or more prolonged, activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway. In the present pape ...
Recombination Mediators across Cell Cycle Stage by Regulating
... It has been known for some time that RAG2 is regulated across cell cycle by a mechanism that involves phosphorylation-dependent protein degradation during the G1-S transition (9–11). The importance of this restriction was recently shown in mice harboring a targeted threonine-to-alanine mutation at p ...
... It has been known for some time that RAG2 is regulated across cell cycle by a mechanism that involves phosphorylation-dependent protein degradation during the G1-S transition (9–11). The importance of this restriction was recently shown in mice harboring a targeted threonine-to-alanine mutation at p ...
Biological Activities of Compounds Produced by Microorganisms
... obtained results indicated that the compounds included in both, the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Microcystis aeruginosa, strongly inhibit the growth of all tested bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus DMB-PR-1-20 (MIC50 = 42 µg ml-1), Micrococcus luteus DMB-pR1-1 (MIC50 = 42 µg ml-1), Serratia marcesc ...
... obtained results indicated that the compounds included in both, the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Microcystis aeruginosa, strongly inhibit the growth of all tested bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus DMB-PR-1-20 (MIC50 = 42 µg ml-1), Micrococcus luteus DMB-pR1-1 (MIC50 = 42 µg ml-1), Serratia marcesc ...
review - Nature
... however, IL-4 in optimal doses was less effective than anti-Ig, providing a level of protection against Fas-mediated apoptosis that averaged about 10-fold[37]. These results with anti-Ig and IL-4 indicate that in normal B cells, Fas-mediated apoptosis can be suppressed through inducible receptor-tri ...
... however, IL-4 in optimal doses was less effective than anti-Ig, providing a level of protection against Fas-mediated apoptosis that averaged about 10-fold[37]. These results with anti-Ig and IL-4 indicate that in normal B cells, Fas-mediated apoptosis can be suppressed through inducible receptor-tri ...
Fine-mapping quantitative trait loci affecting murine external ear
... SM/J female mice (3 mm circular blastemas formed around the hole punch). Tissue was derived from three mice of each strain for each time point. RNA was isolated using a standard Trizol extraction protocol. RNA quality was assessed by gel electrophoresis and nanodrop analysis and then amplified accor ...
... SM/J female mice (3 mm circular blastemas formed around the hole punch). Tissue was derived from three mice of each strain for each time point. RNA was isolated using a standard Trizol extraction protocol. RNA quality was assessed by gel electrophoresis and nanodrop analysis and then amplified accor ...
The Wall Becomes Surmountable
... pectin. Raimund Tenhaken (University of Kaiserlautern, Germany) reported on the occurrence of three newly discovered isoforms of UDP-Glu dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis. Using reporter genes, they found a developmentally regulated expression of these isoforms that suggests that the genes are expressed ...
... pectin. Raimund Tenhaken (University of Kaiserlautern, Germany) reported on the occurrence of three newly discovered isoforms of UDP-Glu dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis. Using reporter genes, they found a developmentally regulated expression of these isoforms that suggests that the genes are expressed ...
Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor Signaling in
... in the COOH terminus of the IGF-IR are necessary for differentiation of H19-7 cells but are dispensable for IGF-I-mediated mitogenesis. This finding clearly separates the mitogenicity of the IGF-IR from its ability to modulate differentiation in neuronal cells. We also carried out preliminary experi ...
... in the COOH terminus of the IGF-IR are necessary for differentiation of H19-7 cells but are dispensable for IGF-I-mediated mitogenesis. This finding clearly separates the mitogenicity of the IGF-IR from its ability to modulate differentiation in neuronal cells. We also carried out preliminary experi ...
Rab13 regulates PKA signaling during tight junction assembly
... nonphosphorylated form of VASP was detected (Fig. 2 A). This indicates that GFP-Rab13Q67L inhibited phosphorylation of VASP at Ser157. To confirm these results, the same cell lysates used in Fig. 2 A were blotted with an anti-VASP antibody that specifically recognizes VASP phosphorylated at Ser157 ( ...
... nonphosphorylated form of VASP was detected (Fig. 2 A). This indicates that GFP-Rab13Q67L inhibited phosphorylation of VASP at Ser157. To confirm these results, the same cell lysates used in Fig. 2 A were blotted with an anti-VASP antibody that specifically recognizes VASP phosphorylated at Ser157 ( ...
... rough under microscope? How does Amoeba obtain its food? 16. Name the cell organelle which helps to keep Which cell organelle controls most of the the cell clear by digesting worn out cell activities of the cell? organelles. Name the cell organelle which is known as 17. What is the main functi ...
receptors
... • These small molecules or ions that relay signals from one location to another in the cell are called second messengers • A cascade of changes may be induced in the receiving cell © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • These small molecules or ions that relay signals from one location to another in the cell are called second messengers • A cascade of changes may be induced in the receiving cell © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Bone Remodeling, Particle Disease and Individual Susceptibility to
... mesenchymal stem cells of the bone marrow stroma or periost (Sims and Baron 2002). They never act individually but in groups when they synthesize a number of substances, including bone matrix constituents, and participate in several pathways through regulating immune and non-immune factors (IL-6, IL ...
... mesenchymal stem cells of the bone marrow stroma or periost (Sims and Baron 2002). They never act individually but in groups when they synthesize a number of substances, including bone matrix constituents, and participate in several pathways through regulating immune and non-immune factors (IL-6, IL ...
HIF-2α phosphorylation by CK1δ promotes erythropoietin secretion
... Ser383 (Fig. 4A, lower panel). When recombinant CK1δ was substituted by total soluble protein extracts of Huh7 cells as a kinase source, the impact on residues Ser383 and Thr528 appeared to be quite similar (Fig. 4B). On the other hand, mutation of Ser386 to Ala, did not cause any significant change ...
... Ser383 (Fig. 4A, lower panel). When recombinant CK1δ was substituted by total soluble protein extracts of Huh7 cells as a kinase source, the impact on residues Ser383 and Thr528 appeared to be quite similar (Fig. 4B). On the other hand, mutation of Ser386 to Ala, did not cause any significant change ...
About Basal and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer
... advanced squamous cell cancers. Cells from these cancers often have too much of a protein called EGFR on their surfaces, which may help them grow. Drugs that target this protein, such cetuximab (Erbitux), are now being tested in clinical trials. Basal cell cancers: It’s very rare for basal cell canc ...
... advanced squamous cell cancers. Cells from these cancers often have too much of a protein called EGFR on their surfaces, which may help them grow. Drugs that target this protein, such cetuximab (Erbitux), are now being tested in clinical trials. Basal cell cancers: It’s very rare for basal cell canc ...
(Vibrcgen-Zellmiihle, Fa. E. Buhl er, Tiibingen, Germany). The results
... ccmidia after gloss-bead disintegration, but co. 50-25% after l-3 X-pressings, respectively, o finding which may ex- ...
... ccmidia after gloss-bead disintegration, but co. 50-25% after l-3 X-pressings, respectively, o finding which may ex- ...
