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... oxidation of carbs, protein and fatty acids, are ultimately transferred to O2 to produce H20  Located in the inner mitochondrial membrane  Electrons travel down the chain, pumping protons into the intermembrane space creating the driving force to produce ATP in a process called oxidative phosphory ...
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File

... a. glycolysis occurs on the cell membrane, while oxidative respiration occurs in mitochondria. b. glycolysis occurs only in photosynthesis, while oxidative respiration is part of cellular respiration. c. glycolysis occurs in the absence of oxygen, while oxidative respiration requires oxygen. d. Both ...
Cells part 2 - fog.ccsf.edu
Cells part 2 - fog.ccsf.edu

... Phosphofructokinase ADP ...
BIO 101 Worksheet Metabolism and Cellular Respiration
BIO 101 Worksheet Metabolism and Cellular Respiration

... 6. _______ Glycolysis leads to fermentation in some bacteria and yeast 7. _______ Glycolysis involves an energy pay-off and then an energy investment phase 8. _______ A net of 4 ATP are produced in glycolysis 9. _______ Pyruvate contains 3 carbons 10. _______ Glycolysis involves 10 steps tightly con ...
KINE 4010 Mock Midterm #1
KINE 4010 Mock Midterm #1

Chapter Outline
Chapter Outline

... 2. As a metabolite is oxidized, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) accepts two electrons and a hydrogen ion (H+); this results in NADH. 3. Electrons received by NAD+ and FAD are high-energy electrons and are usually carried to the electron transport chain. 4. NAD+ is a coenzyme of oxidation-re ...


... Choice B: The standard free energy for the transfer of a 20 residue Gly peptide (Gly20) into a phospholipid bilayer is +60 kJ/M. The standard free energy for the transfer of the sidechain of Cysteine to a nonpolar environment is –3 kJ/mol. You add large amounts of phospholipid to a 1 mM solution of ...
electron transport chain
electron transport chain

... • electrons are conducted laterally through the membrane from one ETC complex to the next, each time donating some of their energy to "pump" H+ ions. • Finally the de-energized electrons are combined with hydrogen ions and oxygen to produce water in the matrix • This reaction is catalyzed by cytochr ...
KEY Glycolysis True or false. If false, indicate why 1. ____F___
KEY Glycolysis True or false. If false, indicate why 1. ____F___

... 6. ____T___ Glycolysis leads to fermentation in some bacteria and yeast 7. ___F____ Glycolysis involves an energy pay-off and then an energy investment phase 8. ____F___ A net of 4 ATP are produced in glycolysis 9. ____T___ Pyruvate contains 3 carbons 10. ____T___ Glycolysis involves 10 steps tightl ...
second exam2
second exam2

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II. Pre-test to identify student misconceptions prior to addressing the

... Pre-test to identify student misconceptions prior to addressing the material covered in Chapter 9 ...
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... converted into Pyruvic Acid. What happens to the Pyruvic Acid depends on the Type of Cell and on whether Oxygen is present. ...
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... ATP formation • Driving force- electrochemical proton gradient = “proton-motive force” • Electrochemical gradient is made up of membrane potential + proton gradient (syn. pH gradient) • see Figure 13-12 ...
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Exam 2 Study Guide

... d. It was released as carbon dioxide and water e. It was converted to ATP, which weighs less than fat 5. How many gametes can be produced by an organism with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE? a. 4 b. 8 c. 12 d. 16 e. 32 6. A triploid cell contains three sets of chromosomes. If a cell of a usually diploid spe ...
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... Inhibitors of Electron transport chain Inhibitors of ETC are compounds that prevent the passage of electrons by binding to a component of the chain and subsequently blocking the oxidation/reduction reactions. As ETC and oxidative phosphorylation are tightly coupled, inhibition of the ECT also inhib ...
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Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline

... 1. Oxidation of G3P occurs by removal of electrons and hydrogen ions. 2. Two electrons and one hydrogen ion are accepted by NAD+, resulting in two NADH; later, when the NADH molecules pass two electrons to the electron transport chain, they become NAD+ again. 3. The oxidation of G3P and subsequent s ...
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Guided reading Ch 9- ENERGY IN A CELL

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Bioenergetics and Metabolism
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... it replaces the 2 ATP that were used in stage 1 to prime the glycolytic pathway. Remember, this occurs twice for every glucose that entered glycolysis. This is an example of a substrate level [ADP] phosphorylation reaction, i.e., ATP synthesis that is not the result of aerobic respiration or photoph ...
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5-2 Necleotide Metabolism (pyrimidine) - Home
5-2 Necleotide Metabolism (pyrimidine) - Home

... phosphate with aspartate with the release of Pi •ATCase is the major site of regulation in bacteria; it is activated by ATP and inhibited by CTP •carbamoyl phosphate is an “activated” compound, so no energy input is needed at this step ...
Fe-S
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Metabolism - College of the Canyons
Metabolism - College of the Canyons

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Lecture_7

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biology 422 - TeacherWeb
biology 422 - TeacherWeb

... glycolysis AND how this is accomplished. 14.Define the role of NAD+ and state what kind of a molecule this is. 15.Where in glycolysis is NAD+ needed and what is its ...
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Adenosine triphosphate



Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.
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