• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Transcription Coactivator Family Proteins
Transcription Coactivator Family Proteins

... [0003] Activation of transcription in eukaryotes depends upon the interplay between sequence specific transcriptional activators and general transcription factors. While direct contacts between activators and general factors have been demonstrated in vitro, an additional class of proteins, termed co ...
RNA Seq: A (soon to be outdated) Tutorial
RNA Seq: A (soon to be outdated) Tutorial

... Differential Gene Expression Analysis: Sampling Variance Consider a bag of balls with K number of red balls where K is much less than the total number of balls. You can sample n number of balls. P represents the proportion of red balls in your sample. Estimate of the number of balls (u) = pn K (the ...
3` Untranslated Region in Mantle- Cell Lymphomas
3` Untranslated Region in Mantle- Cell Lymphomas

... has shown that the smaller transcript corresponds to a shortened form of the normal 4.5-kb transcript as a result of the use of different polyadenylation signals or of deletions of the 3’ end of the gene.’5,’6,’9 These data suggested that, in some cases, activation of CCNDl might result from the los ...
Document
Document

... regulate expression of a particular gene because it produces a product at all times, not just when an inducer is present. ...
She2p Is a Novel RNA Binding Protein
She2p Is a Novel RNA Binding Protein

... 30 ␮m3, Tyson et al. [1979]) suggests that She2p is present at a cellular concentration of about 230 nM. As She2p is localized in yeast cells, the effective concentration is almost certainly higher. Although this calculation is unlikely to provide an accurate estimate of She2p concentration in cells ...
C - mhs
C - mhs

...  A segment of DNA serves as a template for the production of an RNA molecule  The gene unzips and exposes unpaired bases  Serves as template for mRNA formation  Loose RNA nucleotides bind to exposed DNA bases using the C=G and A=U rule  When entire gene is transcribed into mRNA, the result is a ...
chapter9_Sections 4-6 - (per 3) and wed 4/24 (per 2,6)
chapter9_Sections 4-6 - (per 3) and wed 4/24 (per 2,6)

RNA Isolation and Technology Applications
RNA Isolation and Technology Applications

... The RNA target and RNA probe are hybridized in solution Following hybridization, the RNA is digested with RNases specific for single-stranded nucleic acids – Any remaining unhybridized single-stranded RNA target and probe is degraded – Target:probe hybridized sequences are left intact Following RNas ...
TRANSLATION Protein synthesis is the final step in the decoding
TRANSLATION Protein synthesis is the final step in the decoding

... of mRNA to produce a polypeptide chain is also termed translation. Translation occurs on subcellular particles called ribosomes. Each ribosome is made up of two nonidentical subunits (`large' and `small') each of which contains one or more rRNA molecules and different ribosomal proteins. Several rib ...
Untitled
Untitled

Structure-Function Relations in E. coli 16s RNA
Structure-Function Relations in E. coli 16s RNA

... that it might have a role in proofreading and tRNA binding. The region near 1420 has been implicated in binding of tRNA to the P site (Taylor et al., 1981) and the region near 625 is part of the S&binding site. S8, while not necessarily binding tRNA directly, has an effect on the amount bound (Nomur ...
Fig. 1.12
Fig. 1.12

...  Eukaryotes have special-function small RNAs apart from tRNAs, rRNAs and mRNAs: Small nuclear RNA (snRNA): involved in mRNA splicing (introns removal thanks to the spliceosome: RNA-protein complexes). The introns are removed from the primary transcript and the exons are joined to form a continuous ...
7.2 Nucleic acids
7.2 Nucleic acids

...  Eukaryotes have special-function small RNAs apart from tRNAs, rRNAs and mRNAs: Small nuclear RNA (snRNA): involved in mRNA splicing (introns removal thanks to the spliceosome: RNA-protein complexes). The introns are removed from the primary transcript and the exons are joined to form a continuous ...
Genetically Enhanced Archaean Challenges Three
Genetically Enhanced Archaean Challenges Three

... Robertson and J. Kirk Harris, who also defend the three-domain universal tree, which separates the eukaryotic and archaeal lines prior to archaeal radiation. Therefore, eukaryotes could not be derived from archaea, they add. “Woese’s rRNA-based phylogeny is likely to be correct,” wrote the late Chri ...
SUPPLEMENTARY METHODS mRNA isolation and quantitative RT
SUPPLEMENTARY METHODS mRNA isolation and quantitative RT

... for colorectal cancer, at least 10 cm from the tumour (control group) and 7 colonic endoscopic biopsies from patients with a first flare of extensive UC, in order to evaluate the mRNA expression of PPAR, PPAR, NAAA, NAPE-PLD, FAAH and iNOS in the human UC. Colonic samples were divided in the mucos ...
From DNA to RNA
From DNA to RNA

... How an Organism’s Genotype Determines Its Phenotype • An organism’s genotype is its genetic makeup, the sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA. • The phenotype is the organism’s physical traits, which arise from the actions of a wide variety of proteins. ...
Marktübersicht PCR-Kits
Marktübersicht PCR-Kits

... H Minus M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase (RT) is a genetically modified M-MLV RT which has RNA and DNA polymerizationdependent activity but lacks ribonuclease H activity. This enzyme can synthesize a complementary DNA strand initiating from a primer using RNA or DNA templates. Removal of the RNase H acti ...
tRNA & Ribosomes
tRNA & Ribosomes

... The genetic code is read during translation via adapter molecules, tRNAs, that have 3-base anticodons complementary to codons in mRNA. "Wobble" during reading of the mRNA allows some tRNAs to read multiple codons that differ only in the 3rd base. There are 61 codons specifying 20 amino acids. Minima ...
What is a protein
What is a protein

... mRNA goes to ribosome in cytoplasm (proteins made here!) Exon is identified by the START codon (AUG) Intron is discarded tRNA reads each codon (three nucleotide set code for amino acid) and transfers the correct amino acid accordingly. 5. The amino acids are linked together in the codon order. 6. tR ...
Cutting the nonsense: the degradation of PTC containing mRNAs
Cutting the nonsense: the degradation of PTC containing mRNAs

... Evidence for endonucleolytic and exonucleolytic decay pathways Although good progress has been achieved in the clarification of the PTC-recognition mechanism, little is known about the subsequent degradation of the recognized nonsense mRNA. Current models propose that the factors SMG5, SMG6, and SMG ...
Origins of Life PDF
Origins of Life PDF

... different hypotheses. Each team will have 10 minutes to present and instruct the other team. At the end of this section, the entire working group should fully understand the differences between the Replication-First and Metabolism-First hypotheses. Listen carefully, ask questions, and take good note ...
Triphosphatase Related to the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
Triphosphatase Related to the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases

... capping enzyme. CEL-1 has a C-terminal domain containing motifs found in yeast and vaccinia virus capping enzyme guanylyltransferases. The N-terminal domain of CEL-1 has RNA triphosphatase activity. Surprisingly, this domain does not resemble the vaccinia virus capping enzyme but does have significa ...
PPT - Bioinformatics.ca
PPT - Bioinformatics.ca

... pronounced effect on gene expression • e.g. Drug treated vs. untreated cell line • e.g. Wild type versus knock out mice ...
Lecture 24 – PDF
Lecture 24 – PDF

... the rRNA is transcribed as a 30S precursor (below) which is cleaved autocatalytically into four cleavage products (one of which is a tRNA ...
Transcription Translation 2017 p2.notebook
Transcription Translation 2017 p2.notebook

... 1. 5' Cap is added (methylated guanine molecule) 2. Polyadenylation (50 ­ 250 adenine molecules added  to 3' end) ~ Poly A Tail 3. Purpose for Cap and Tail a. facilitate the export of mRNA from nucleus b. protect mRNA from attack from cellular enzymes c. help ribosome bind to mRNA 4. RNA Splicing: p ...
< 1 ... 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 ... 191 >

Polyadenylation



Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature messenger RNA (mRNA) for translation. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression.The process of polyadenylation begins as the transcription of a gene finishes, or terminates. The 3'-most segment of the newly made pre-mRNA is first cleaved off by a set of proteins; these proteins then synthesize the poly(A) tail at the RNA's 3' end. In some genes, these proteins may add a poly(A) tail at any one of several possible sites. Therefore, polyadenylation can produce more than one transcript from a single gene (alternative polyadenylation), similar to alternative splicing.The poly(A) tail is important for the nuclear export, translation, and stability of mRNA. The tail is shortened over time, and, when it is short enough, the mRNA is enzymatically degraded. However, in a few cell types, mRNAs with short poly(A) tails are stored for later activation by re-polyadenylation in the cytosol. In contrast, when polyadenylation occurs in bacteria, it promotes RNA degradation. This is also sometimes the case for eukaryotic non-coding RNAs.mRNA molecules in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have polyadenylated 3'-ends, with the prokaryotic poly(A) tails generally shorter and less mRNA molecules polyadenylated.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report