Protein Synthesis
... making code to ribosomes • rRNA – Ribosomal RNA molecules needed to build ribosomes the cell’s “protein factories” • tRNA – Transfer RNA carries amino acids to ribosome to make proteins as directed by the mRNA’s code ...
... making code to ribosomes • rRNA – Ribosomal RNA molecules needed to build ribosomes the cell’s “protein factories” • tRNA – Transfer RNA carries amino acids to ribosome to make proteins as directed by the mRNA’s code ...
Chapter 25: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
... What is the relationship between dominant and recessive alleles. How does inheritance work? How many copies of each allele are found in gametes? What is a one-trait cross? What are the possible outcomes (genotype & phenotype) based on the parents genotypes/phenotypes. Same questions for two-trait cr ...
... What is the relationship between dominant and recessive alleles. How does inheritance work? How many copies of each allele are found in gametes? What is a one-trait cross? What are the possible outcomes (genotype & phenotype) based on the parents genotypes/phenotypes. Same questions for two-trait cr ...
Non-coding RNAs
... Do not contain introns; Arise by retrotransposition; Frequency of transfer depends on initial level of gene expression (Highly expressed genes are transferred more often) ...
... Do not contain introns; Arise by retrotransposition; Frequency of transfer depends on initial level of gene expression (Highly expressed genes are transferred more often) ...
Chapter 12 Test Review
... 2. Chargaff’s rules state that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) equals the amount of ______________ 3. Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of _______ = _______ & ________ = _________ 4. What is the polymer of nucleotide ____________________________________________________ 5. A DNA nucleo ...
... 2. Chargaff’s rules state that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) equals the amount of ______________ 3. Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of _______ = _______ & ________ = _________ 4. What is the polymer of nucleotide ____________________________________________________ 5. A DNA nucleo ...
Unit 4
... with cancer of the cervix. Oncogens code for cellular growth factors or for proteins involved in growth factors actions. In some cases, the tumor virus lack oncogens and transform the cell simply by turning on or increasing, the expression of one or more of the cells own oncogenes. 8. List some char ...
... with cancer of the cervix. Oncogens code for cellular growth factors or for proteins involved in growth factors actions. In some cases, the tumor virus lack oncogens and transform the cell simply by turning on or increasing, the expression of one or more of the cells own oncogenes. 8. List some char ...
DNA Replication
... • 5) The ribosome slides along the mRNA to the next codon • 6) A new tRNA molecule carrying amino acid pairs with the 2nd ...
... • 5) The ribosome slides along the mRNA to the next codon • 6) A new tRNA molecule carrying amino acid pairs with the 2nd ...
Transcription and Translation
... • All rRNA genes are transcribed as a large precursor molecule that is edited by ribonucleases after transcription to yield the final r RNA products ...
... • All rRNA genes are transcribed as a large precursor molecule that is edited by ribonucleases after transcription to yield the final r RNA products ...
1 Unit 9: Modern Genetics Advance Organizer Topic: DNA, RNA
... e. Distinguish between the three types of RNA. f. Differentiate between types of mutations. g. Identify mutations in a string of DNA or RNA and describe the consequences of that mutation when forming proteins. 2. Key Vocabulary (20) nucleotide ...
... e. Distinguish between the three types of RNA. f. Differentiate between types of mutations. g. Identify mutations in a string of DNA or RNA and describe the consequences of that mutation when forming proteins. 2. Key Vocabulary (20) nucleotide ...
Transcription and Translation
... • At end of gene DNA has a “terminator” • Sequence that signals end of transcription • RNA polymerase disassociates from DNA • ss mRNA floats away ...
... • At end of gene DNA has a “terminator” • Sequence that signals end of transcription • RNA polymerase disassociates from DNA • ss mRNA floats away ...
Transcription and Translation
... • At end of gene DNA has a “terminator” • Sequence that signals end of transcription • RNA polymerase disassociates from DNA • ss mRNA floats away ...
... • At end of gene DNA has a “terminator” • Sequence that signals end of transcription • RNA polymerase disassociates from DNA • ss mRNA floats away ...
Sample
... 29) Briefly describe how the experiments performed by Frederick Griffith provided evidence of DNA as the genetic material. Answer: Griffith used two strains of the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. One strain caused disease, known as the S strain, and the other strain was a harmless strain called t ...
... 29) Briefly describe how the experiments performed by Frederick Griffith provided evidence of DNA as the genetic material. Answer: Griffith used two strains of the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. One strain caused disease, known as the S strain, and the other strain was a harmless strain called t ...
Presentation
... RNA is the other type of nucleic acid. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid Its structure is a single strand of nucleotides RNA’s function is to decode genes within the DNA to make proteins 5. Like DNA, it has 4 nitrogenous bases – guanine and cytosine adenine and uracil ...
... RNA is the other type of nucleic acid. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid Its structure is a single strand of nucleotides RNA’s function is to decode genes within the DNA to make proteins 5. Like DNA, it has 4 nitrogenous bases – guanine and cytosine adenine and uracil ...
Class 26 - Columbia University
... Their introduction into a cell can greatly reduce any protein whose mRNA is targeted. ...
... Their introduction into a cell can greatly reduce any protein whose mRNA is targeted. ...
Chapter 12 DNA and RNA - Northwestern High School
... • Helicases separate the DNA strands. • Enzyme called DNA polymerase start the replication • Semi-conservative – not all of it is new. • Replicates in both directions until done, read in only one direction. ...
... • Helicases separate the DNA strands. • Enzyme called DNA polymerase start the replication • Semi-conservative – not all of it is new. • Replicates in both directions until done, read in only one direction. ...
Homework Assignment #1
... promoter region (-120 to -30) or to more distant enhancer sites. Analysis of these regulatory regions indicates that they generally contain many binding sites for different transcription factors that interact with the DNA in a sequence-specific fashion. ...
... promoter region (-120 to -30) or to more distant enhancer sites. Analysis of these regulatory regions indicates that they generally contain many binding sites for different transcription factors that interact with the DNA in a sequence-specific fashion. ...
Planet Earth and Its Environment A 5000
... The Chemicals Involved in Protein Synthesis ■ tRNA molecules occur in the cytoplasm that carry amino acids which build the new proteins. Each one is 75 nucleotides long and twisted into the shape of a clover leaf. On one end of the tRNA there are three unpaired bases called an anticodon, which atta ...
... The Chemicals Involved in Protein Synthesis ■ tRNA molecules occur in the cytoplasm that carry amino acids which build the new proteins. Each one is 75 nucleotides long and twisted into the shape of a clover leaf. On one end of the tRNA there are three unpaired bases called an anticodon, which atta ...
Advanced techniques yield new insights into ribosome selfassembly
... one not seen in the fully assembled ribosome. This was a surprise, since scientists generally assume that ribosomal proteins lock RNA into its final, threedimensional shape. “We found that the S4 and RNA complex is not static,” Ha said. “It actually is dynamic and that dynamism is likely to allow b ...
... one not seen in the fully assembled ribosome. This was a surprise, since scientists generally assume that ribosomal proteins lock RNA into its final, threedimensional shape. “We found that the S4 and RNA complex is not static,” Ha said. “It actually is dynamic and that dynamism is likely to allow b ...
Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes - Bremen High School District 228
... adjust levels of enzymes for synthesis & digestion ...
... adjust levels of enzymes for synthesis & digestion ...
The Central Dogma - rosedalegrade12biology
... The Central Dogma – V2 In 1869, Friedrich Miescher isolated ___________________. Between 1900 and 1935, Phoebus Levene studied nucleic acid and described ___________________. By the 1930’s other scientists had worked out that __________________________ to make __________________. They knew that pro ...
... The Central Dogma – V2 In 1869, Friedrich Miescher isolated ___________________. Between 1900 and 1935, Phoebus Levene studied nucleic acid and described ___________________. By the 1930’s other scientists had worked out that __________________________ to make __________________. They knew that pro ...
Translation
... Two posttranscriptional controls mediated by iron Both responses are mediated by the same iron-responsive regulatory protein, aconitase, which recognizes common features in a stem-and-loop structure in the mRNAs encoding ferritin and transferrin receptor ...
... Two posttranscriptional controls mediated by iron Both responses are mediated by the same iron-responsive regulatory protein, aconitase, which recognizes common features in a stem-and-loop structure in the mRNAs encoding ferritin and transferrin receptor ...
Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature messenger RNA (mRNA) for translation. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression.The process of polyadenylation begins as the transcription of a gene finishes, or terminates. The 3'-most segment of the newly made pre-mRNA is first cleaved off by a set of proteins; these proteins then synthesize the poly(A) tail at the RNA's 3' end. In some genes, these proteins may add a poly(A) tail at any one of several possible sites. Therefore, polyadenylation can produce more than one transcript from a single gene (alternative polyadenylation), similar to alternative splicing.The poly(A) tail is important for the nuclear export, translation, and stability of mRNA. The tail is shortened over time, and, when it is short enough, the mRNA is enzymatically degraded. However, in a few cell types, mRNAs with short poly(A) tails are stored for later activation by re-polyadenylation in the cytosol. In contrast, when polyadenylation occurs in bacteria, it promotes RNA degradation. This is also sometimes the case for eukaryotic non-coding RNAs.mRNA molecules in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have polyadenylated 3'-ends, with the prokaryotic poly(A) tails generally shorter and less mRNA molecules polyadenylated.