Mechanism of Phage-induced Lysis in Pneumococci
... contained thermolabile autolytic activity and possessed a protein that cross-reacted serologically with antibody against the autolytic enzyme from wild-type pneumococci (unpublished observations). There was, therefore, a possibility that phage-induced lysis was caused by residual amounts of thermola ...
... contained thermolabile autolytic activity and possessed a protein that cross-reacted serologically with antibody against the autolytic enzyme from wild-type pneumococci (unpublished observations). There was, therefore, a possibility that phage-induced lysis was caused by residual amounts of thermola ...
The viability assessment of Microcystis aeruginosa cells after co-culturing
... (t = 11.31; p = 0.0001) increase in B. mycoides cell numbers. This suggested that B. mycoides, a heterotroph, was utilizing the Microcystis as a source of nutrition. The effect of agitation may have contributed to the delay in cell lysis as it disturbed the physical contact between the predator and ...
... (t = 11.31; p = 0.0001) increase in B. mycoides cell numbers. This suggested that B. mycoides, a heterotroph, was utilizing the Microcystis as a source of nutrition. The effect of agitation may have contributed to the delay in cell lysis as it disturbed the physical contact between the predator and ...
FOOD MICROORGANISMS: BUOYANT DENSITY CENTRIFUGATION
... components such as plasmids, mitochondria and nucleic acids. Using this technique, components may be separated based on their differences in density or size during centrifugation in a gradient medium. Gradient media that have been used include caesium chloride, sodium metrizoate, sucrose, Ficoll, Lu ...
... components such as plasmids, mitochondria and nucleic acids. Using this technique, components may be separated based on their differences in density or size during centrifugation in a gradient medium. Gradient media that have been used include caesium chloride, sodium metrizoate, sucrose, Ficoll, Lu ...
The O-antigen mediates differential survival of
... from other bacterial cells by GFP-fluorescence and resistance to chloramphenicol, gentamicin and zeomycin. Prior to strain addition, sediment was either left untreated, treated with heat or treated with a cocktail of three antibiotics targeting eukaryotic predators. Samples were recovered over time ...
... from other bacterial cells by GFP-fluorescence and resistance to chloramphenicol, gentamicin and zeomycin. Prior to strain addition, sediment was either left untreated, treated with heat or treated with a cocktail of three antibiotics targeting eukaryotic predators. Samples were recovered over time ...
Peptide Repertoire Class I Molecule Q10 Binds a Classical The
... more, many of the class Ib molecules exist in soluble forms that are secreted into the serum and body fluids (5, 6). Recent studies of rodent and human members of class Ib families revealed remarkable diversity of their ligands, Ag-presenting capacities, and immune as well as nonimmune functions (7– ...
... more, many of the class Ib molecules exist in soluble forms that are secreted into the serum and body fluids (5, 6). Recent studies of rodent and human members of class Ib families revealed remarkable diversity of their ligands, Ag-presenting capacities, and immune as well as nonimmune functions (7– ...
The Plant Pathology Journal
... become active to protect seeds from pathogen colonization and infection. This short-time period before infection may be a critical period for successful seed protection (Hood et al., 1998; Nelson et al., 1986). Thus, events in seed attachment, movement from seed to emerging root, and colonization on ...
... become active to protect seeds from pathogen colonization and infection. This short-time period before infection may be a critical period for successful seed protection (Hood et al., 1998; Nelson et al., 1986). Thus, events in seed attachment, movement from seed to emerging root, and colonization on ...
- RichardWheeler.net
... these parasites for a number of reasons. It is important for parasite pathogenicity and in trypanosomes is critical for motility in mammalian blood, traversing the insect vector, attachment to the insect vector, and key roles in cell morphogenesis (Engstler et al., 2007; Ralston, Kabututu, Melehani, ...
... these parasites for a number of reasons. It is important for parasite pathogenicity and in trypanosomes is critical for motility in mammalian blood, traversing the insect vector, attachment to the insect vector, and key roles in cell morphogenesis (Engstler et al., 2007; Ralston, Kabututu, Melehani, ...
05_Microb_biofilm_I_2014
... Various microbes markedly differ in relative resistance to different types of toxic substances In general (and contrary to drying): G– bacteria are more resistant to toxic substances than G+ bacteria (because of different structure of bacterial cell wall → presence of enzymes in periplasmatic space ...
... Various microbes markedly differ in relative resistance to different types of toxic substances In general (and contrary to drying): G– bacteria are more resistant to toxic substances than G+ bacteria (because of different structure of bacterial cell wall → presence of enzymes in periplasmatic space ...
Sepsis is a common condition, and more than 19 million cases of
... cell surface expression in LPS treated neutrophils whilst preserving efficient bacterial killing, support the notion that MPLA may hold promise as adjunctive therapy for Gram negative sepsis. Persistent activation of TLR pathways, as occurs in the early stages of sepsis, has been associated with exc ...
... cell surface expression in LPS treated neutrophils whilst preserving efficient bacterial killing, support the notion that MPLA may hold promise as adjunctive therapy for Gram negative sepsis. Persistent activation of TLR pathways, as occurs in the early stages of sepsis, has been associated with exc ...
Copper tolerance of the thermoacidophilic archaeon
... exists in archaea, the presence of polyP was determined by the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) procedure and quantified by using specific enzymic methods in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, Sulfolobus metallicus and Sulfolobus solfataricus. All three micro-organisms synthesized polyP during growt ...
... exists in archaea, the presence of polyP was determined by the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) procedure and quantified by using specific enzymic methods in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, Sulfolobus metallicus and Sulfolobus solfataricus. All three micro-organisms synthesized polyP during growt ...
Microscopy Microanalysis
... Different mechanisms, which could induce precipitation in natural habitats by bacteria, have been proposed and active and passive roles of bacteria in these processes have been suggested ~Erlich, 1996; Morita, 1980; Novitsky, 1981!. However, in many cases their precise role in carbonate formation is ...
... Different mechanisms, which could induce precipitation in natural habitats by bacteria, have been proposed and active and passive roles of bacteria in these processes have been suggested ~Erlich, 1996; Morita, 1980; Novitsky, 1981!. However, in many cases their precise role in carbonate formation is ...
Disorders Presenting in Skin and Mucous Membranes - McGraw-Hill
... because of its pronounced antibacterial,9,10 antifungal,11 and antiviral12,13 activities. LL-37 further contributes to innate immunity by attracting mast cells and neutrophils via formyl peptide receptor–like 1 and by inducing mediator release from the latter cells via a G protein–dependent, immunog ...
... because of its pronounced antibacterial,9,10 antifungal,11 and antiviral12,13 activities. LL-37 further contributes to innate immunity by attracting mast cells and neutrophils via formyl peptide receptor–like 1 and by inducing mediator release from the latter cells via a G protein–dependent, immunog ...
Archaea Topics in Biodiversity
... archaebacteria, but since the Archaea have an independent evolutionary history and manifest numerous differences in their biochemistry from other forms of life, they are now classified as a separate domain in the three-domain system. In this system the three primary branches of evolutionary descent ...
... archaebacteria, but since the Archaea have an independent evolutionary history and manifest numerous differences in their biochemistry from other forms of life, they are now classified as a separate domain in the three-domain system. In this system the three primary branches of evolutionary descent ...
Separation of Bacteria, Protozoa and Carbon Nanotubes by Density
... separating motile organisms like ciliates from free CNTs. Still, the mobility of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila has been utilized in isolating such unicellular organisms from pellets that also contain SWCNTs and bacteria, by pelleting the sample by centrifugation and then allowing ci ...
... separating motile organisms like ciliates from free CNTs. Still, the mobility of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila has been utilized in isolating such unicellular organisms from pellets that also contain SWCNTs and bacteria, by pelleting the sample by centrifugation and then allowing ci ...
Similarities and Differences in the Glycosylation Mechanisms in
... This lack of LLO processing in the protist’s ER is reminiscent of periplasmic events in bacteria which do not appear to involve the addition of further sugars to their translocated LLOs (see below). Although the N-biosynthetic pathways of the three domains have much in common, the archaeal and bacte ...
... This lack of LLO processing in the protist’s ER is reminiscent of periplasmic events in bacteria which do not appear to involve the addition of further sugars to their translocated LLOs (see below). Although the N-biosynthetic pathways of the three domains have much in common, the archaeal and bacte ...
Risk Reduction in Drinking Water Distribution Systems by On
... The E. coli was inoculated into separate flowcells containing 0, 2, and 5 ppm chlorine (hypochlorite) to determine the mitigation effect on biofilm formation and release. Biomass levels from the untreated biofilm increased almost fivefold while biomass from treated biofilms decreased from original l ...
... The E. coli was inoculated into separate flowcells containing 0, 2, and 5 ppm chlorine (hypochlorite) to determine the mitigation effect on biofilm formation and release. Biomass levels from the untreated biofilm increased almost fivefold while biomass from treated biofilms decreased from original l ...
Inhibition of virulence factor expression and swarming differentiation
... as sodium azide or bile salts, are often unsatisfactory because they may be toxic to the pathogen or alter the characteristics by which the pathogens are usually recognised. The use of the anti-swarming agent PNPG overcomes these dif®culties. It is relatively cheap, nontoxic and does not affect red ...
... as sodium azide or bile salts, are often unsatisfactory because they may be toxic to the pathogen or alter the characteristics by which the pathogens are usually recognised. The use of the anti-swarming agent PNPG overcomes these dif®culties. It is relatively cheap, nontoxic and does not affect red ...
Bacterial Gram Staining - G
... negative bacteria unstained. The length of the decolorization stage is critical as prolonged decolorizing will remove the primary stain from the Gram‐positive cells and this will lead to false negatives during characterization of the microorganisms. Finally, in order to visualize the unstained ...
... negative bacteria unstained. The length of the decolorization stage is critical as prolonged decolorizing will remove the primary stain from the Gram‐positive cells and this will lead to false negatives during characterization of the microorganisms. Finally, in order to visualize the unstained ...
Cell-wall deficient L. monocytogenes L
... pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, and other cytokines/chemokines), whilst the cytosolic recognition is characterized by an IFR-3/TKB1-dependent induction of Type-I interferons (Stockinger et al., 2004; Leber et al., 2008). Accordingly, Interferon-β (IFN-β) is thought to be exclusively ...
... pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, and other cytokines/chemokines), whilst the cytosolic recognition is characterized by an IFR-3/TKB1-dependent induction of Type-I interferons (Stockinger et al., 2004; Leber et al., 2008). Accordingly, Interferon-β (IFN-β) is thought to be exclusively ...
Atomic force microscopy study on specificity and non
... technique, which operates by sensing the force between a very sharp probe attached to a flexible cantilever and the sample surface (Binnig et al., 1986). Recently, AFM has emerged as a powerful tool to measure molecular interaction forces (Dufrêne, 2003). AFM force measurements have been further ap ...
... technique, which operates by sensing the force between a very sharp probe attached to a flexible cantilever and the sample surface (Binnig et al., 1986). Recently, AFM has emerged as a powerful tool to measure molecular interaction forces (Dufrêne, 2003). AFM force measurements have been further ap ...
Evolution of HSP70 gene and its implications regarding - ACE-SAP
... closer relationship to the eubacteria, whereas extremely thermophilic archaebacteria (termed eocytes) bore sequence characteristics similar to the eukaryotic cells. The above classification has also been criticized on the grounds that "the difference in structural organization between prokaryotes an ...
... closer relationship to the eubacteria, whereas extremely thermophilic archaebacteria (termed eocytes) bore sequence characteristics similar to the eukaryotic cells. The above classification has also been criticized on the grounds that "the difference in structural organization between prokaryotes an ...
Induction of type I interferons by bacteria.
... Type I interferons (IFNs) are secreted cytokines that orchestrate diverse immune responses to infection. Although typically considered to be most important in the response to viruses, type I IFNs are also induced by most, if not all, bacterial pathogens. Although diverse mechanisms have been describ ...
... Type I interferons (IFNs) are secreted cytokines that orchestrate diverse immune responses to infection. Although typically considered to be most important in the response to viruses, type I IFNs are also induced by most, if not all, bacterial pathogens. Although diverse mechanisms have been describ ...
Polypeptide Composition of Chlamydia trachomatis
... phosphate-buffered glutamate, pH 7.4, with added sucrose (SPG) at -70 "C (Bovarnick et al., 1950). Infecfiuify tirration. Serial five-fold dilutions of egg-grown chlamydiae were prepared in Eagle's Minimal Essential Medium containing 10 o/o (v/v) foetal calf serum, L-glutamine and sodium bicarbonate ...
... phosphate-buffered glutamate, pH 7.4, with added sucrose (SPG) at -70 "C (Bovarnick et al., 1950). Infecfiuify tirration. Serial five-fold dilutions of egg-grown chlamydiae were prepared in Eagle's Minimal Essential Medium containing 10 o/o (v/v) foetal calf serum, L-glutamine and sodium bicarbonate ...
galls on Prionitis lanceolata (Rhodophyta)
... Gall t ~ s s u eis composed of cells with an unique morphology that bear little resemblance to normal tissue. Gall tissue is more than just a proliferation of medullary tissue as described by blcBride et al. (1974).Medullary cells have a d~stinctfilamentous morphology which is lost after infection. ...
... Gall t ~ s s u eis composed of cells with an unique morphology that bear little resemblance to normal tissue. Gall tissue is more than just a proliferation of medullary tissue as described by blcBride et al. (1974).Medullary cells have a d~stinctfilamentous morphology which is lost after infection. ...
A Role in Migration for the v 1 Integrin Expressed on
... avb1. Taken together with the work of others showing that ECM ligands for avb1 are expressed within the CNS, we propose that this integrin plays a significant role in the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors in vivo and that its downregulation during differentiation could be an important factor r ...
... avb1. Taken together with the work of others showing that ECM ligands for avb1 are expressed within the CNS, we propose that this integrin plays a significant role in the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors in vivo and that its downregulation during differentiation could be an important factor r ...
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.