Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Nanocrystalline MgO and Its Use
... using different magnesium precursors and solvents as the reactants. Subsequent thermal decomposition at 450 C gave nanometer-sized MgO.[10] Magnesium oxide (MgO, periclase) is an exceptionally important material, with uses in catalysis,[11,12] toxic-waste remediation,[13] or as an additive in refra ...
... using different magnesium precursors and solvents as the reactants. Subsequent thermal decomposition at 450 C gave nanometer-sized MgO.[10] Magnesium oxide (MgO, periclase) is an exceptionally important material, with uses in catalysis,[11,12] toxic-waste remediation,[13] or as an additive in refra ...
12 Autophagy as a defence against intracellular pathogens
... Viruses infect cells by delivering genomes or nucleoprotein core particles into the cytoplasm, either directly through the plasma membrane, or following endocytosis. In contrast with studies of bacteria, relatively few studies have focused on the role played by autophagy in removing viruses immediat ...
... Viruses infect cells by delivering genomes or nucleoprotein core particles into the cytoplasm, either directly through the plasma membrane, or following endocytosis. In contrast with studies of bacteria, relatively few studies have focused on the role played by autophagy in removing viruses immediat ...
Chapter 17. Cytoskeleton Chapter 17. Cytoskeleton Chapter 17
... Chapter 17. Cytoskeleton • Cells are not “bags of enzymes”, but rather organized in three dimensions. • This organization is carried out by the cytoskeleton, the “bones and muscles” (and more) of cells. • Cells are thousands of times larger than a typical molecule. Therefore the cytoskeleton must lo ...
... Chapter 17. Cytoskeleton • Cells are not “bags of enzymes”, but rather organized in three dimensions. • This organization is carried out by the cytoskeleton, the “bones and muscles” (and more) of cells. • Cells are thousands of times larger than a typical molecule. Therefore the cytoskeleton must lo ...
Regulation of Chlamydomonas flagella and ependymal cell motile
... (Figure 3A). This was confirmed both by cell counting with a hemoChlamydomonas expresses serine palmitoyltransferase cytometer and by measuring optical absorbance of chlorophyll at and generates plant sphingolipids 450 nm. At a concentration of myriocin as low as 5 nM, approxiThere is no prior infor ...
... (Figure 3A). This was confirmed both by cell counting with a hemoChlamydomonas expresses serine palmitoyltransferase cytometer and by measuring optical absorbance of chlorophyll at and generates plant sphingolipids 450 nm. At a concentration of myriocin as low as 5 nM, approxiThere is no prior infor ...
Bacterial metapopulations in nanofabricated
... quickly die out (death phase) in most of their range, going down to a very low spatially homogeneous density of +0.5 # 101 cells per MHP at the end of epoch 1, at about t + 1,000 min after inoculation. Notice the large-scale correlation of the extinction event (Fig. 5); almost the whole metapopulati ...
... quickly die out (death phase) in most of their range, going down to a very low spatially homogeneous density of +0.5 # 101 cells per MHP at the end of epoch 1, at about t + 1,000 min after inoculation. Notice the large-scale correlation of the extinction event (Fig. 5); almost the whole metapopulati ...
Marine
... and Hunt 1987). Therefore, fluid motion should only increase uptake when uptake is not already saturated. We measured the uptake of two model compounds (leucine and glucose) by bacteria fixed in a uniform flow field and suspended in a laminar shear field. We found that bacterial uptake ofleucine, bu ...
... and Hunt 1987). Therefore, fluid motion should only increase uptake when uptake is not already saturated. We measured the uptake of two model compounds (leucine and glucose) by bacteria fixed in a uniform flow field and suspended in a laminar shear field. We found that bacterial uptake ofleucine, bu ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... nitrogen-fixing root nodules. The physical interaction between rhizobia and the growing root hair tips precedes the following infection stages in the nodulation process: marked root hair curling, infection thread formation, development of a root cortical meristem, and root nodule morphogenesis (7). ...
... nitrogen-fixing root nodules. The physical interaction between rhizobia and the growing root hair tips precedes the following infection stages in the nodulation process: marked root hair curling, infection thread formation, development of a root cortical meristem, and root nodule morphogenesis (7). ...
Coupling of thraustochytrids and POM, and of bacterio
... 2001). Note that the enumeration based on acriflavinstaining may include protozoan cysts (leading to overestimation) and exclude thraustochytrid zoospores (leading to underestimation). Contribution of this overand underestimation should be evaluated in future studies by using a more specific techniq ...
... 2001). Note that the enumeration based on acriflavinstaining may include protozoan cysts (leading to overestimation) and exclude thraustochytrid zoospores (leading to underestimation). Contribution of this overand underestimation should be evaluated in future studies by using a more specific techniq ...
Temperature-dependent expression of flagella in Legionella
... M. Ott and others Table 1. Analysis offlagellation of Legionella strains ...
... M. Ott and others Table 1. Analysis offlagellation of Legionella strains ...
Rhodococcus opacus - Engineering Student Services and Academic
... Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacterial cells. Phages cannot reproduce on their own. The phage hijacks the cell’s machinery to reproduce progeny. Phages are specific for their host bacteria. YouTube - T4 Virus infecting a bacteria. ...
... Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacterial cells. Phages cannot reproduce on their own. The phage hijacks the cell’s machinery to reproduce progeny. Phages are specific for their host bacteria. YouTube - T4 Virus infecting a bacteria. ...
Bacteria viability assessment after photocatalytic treatment Yanling Cai Maria Strømme
... assessing bacterial viability and, in particular, bacteria in biofilm form, it is often necessary to use several methods in concert to get reliable results. Currently, methods widely used in bacterial viability analysis include indirect methods based on further culture of bacterial samples or direct ...
... assessing bacterial viability and, in particular, bacteria in biofilm form, it is often necessary to use several methods in concert to get reliable results. Currently, methods widely used in bacterial viability analysis include indirect methods based on further culture of bacterial samples or direct ...
Mesoderm migration in Drosophila is a multi-step process
... Franzdottir et al., 2009). Rap1 has a demonstrated role in cell adhesion and migration in other systems (Huelsmann et al., 2006; Jeon et al., 2007; Boettner and Van Aelst, 2009). Rap1 regulates cell adhesion and migration, in part, through integrin activation (Reedquist et al., 2000; Kooistra et al. ...
... Franzdottir et al., 2009). Rap1 has a demonstrated role in cell adhesion and migration in other systems (Huelsmann et al., 2006; Jeon et al., 2007; Boettner and Van Aelst, 2009). Rap1 regulates cell adhesion and migration, in part, through integrin activation (Reedquist et al., 2000; Kooistra et al. ...
Novel Mechanism of PTEN Regulation by Its
... Cells sense external chemical gradients and respond by moving toward the higher concentration of chemoattractant. Chemotaxis is important for a wide variety of physiological and pathological events such as axon guidance, immune response, wound healing, tissue morphogenesis, and carcinoma invasion. T ...
... Cells sense external chemical gradients and respond by moving toward the higher concentration of chemoattractant. Chemotaxis is important for a wide variety of physiological and pathological events such as axon guidance, immune response, wound healing, tissue morphogenesis, and carcinoma invasion. T ...
aureus Staphylococcus MyD88-Dependent Responses to Are
... associated with these organelles (6); our data suggest that the signals that emanate from the phagosome are likely to include defense pathways that are able to signal via NF-kB and MAP kinases. Professional phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils, destroy engulfed material and, after pathoge ...
... associated with these organelles (6); our data suggest that the signals that emanate from the phagosome are likely to include defense pathways that are able to signal via NF-kB and MAP kinases. Professional phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils, destroy engulfed material and, after pathoge ...
Full-Text PDF
... bacteria by phages is an integral part of the phage lifecycle and therefore crucial to their survival and propagation. This antibacterial activity, for predators of bacteria, may result in anti-biofilm activity as well. For non-predator, antibiotic-producing organisms, by contrast, antibiotic-mediat ...
... bacteria by phages is an integral part of the phage lifecycle and therefore crucial to their survival and propagation. This antibacterial activity, for predators of bacteria, may result in anti-biofilm activity as well. For non-predator, antibiotic-producing organisms, by contrast, antibiotic-mediat ...
Full and Partial Agonists of Muscarinic M3 Receptors Reveal Single
... obtained from Invitrogen. All other reagents were of analytical grade and were obtained from Sigma Chemical or Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). ECL Plus reagents, Hyperfilm, and myo-[3H]inositol with PT6-271 (81Ci mmol⫺1) were from GE Healthcare (Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, UK). G␣s polyc ...
... obtained from Invitrogen. All other reagents were of analytical grade and were obtained from Sigma Chemical or Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). ECL Plus reagents, Hyperfilm, and myo-[3H]inositol with PT6-271 (81Ci mmol⫺1) were from GE Healthcare (Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, UK). G␣s polyc ...
Bartonella Clarridgeiae: Invasion of Human
... Bartonella clarridgeiae is one of more than 19 bacterial species belonging to the genus Bartonella. From 1909 until 1993, this genus contained only one species, B. bacilliformis. Brenner et al. determined from the results of 16S rRNA sequence analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, guanosine plus cytosine ...
... Bartonella clarridgeiae is one of more than 19 bacterial species belonging to the genus Bartonella. From 1909 until 1993, this genus contained only one species, B. bacilliformis. Brenner et al. determined from the results of 16S rRNA sequence analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, guanosine plus cytosine ...
pdf file - John Innes Centre
... that is reached by the ITs. Bacteria are released endocytotically from the ITs into the cytoplasm of the invaded host cells where, surrounded by a peribacteroid membrane (PBM) of plant origin (which controls the nutrient transfer between the symbionts), they differentiate into nitrogen-fixing symbio ...
... that is reached by the ITs. Bacteria are released endocytotically from the ITs into the cytoplasm of the invaded host cells where, surrounded by a peribacteroid membrane (PBM) of plant origin (which controls the nutrient transfer between the symbionts), they differentiate into nitrogen-fixing symbio ...
Reverse migration of neutrophils: Where, when, how and why
... fashion, providing a haptotactic gradient. Whilst details of how attractant molecules are presented in tissues remains unclear, there is now solid evidence for the existence of functional chemotactic gradients in vivo [10]. Additional factors that can modulate movement of neutrophils include shear f ...
... fashion, providing a haptotactic gradient. Whilst details of how attractant molecules are presented in tissues remains unclear, there is now solid evidence for the existence of functional chemotactic gradients in vivo [10]. Additional factors that can modulate movement of neutrophils include shear f ...
Extended PDF
... 2011). Fiber release is mediated via an adaptor protein TapA, which forms D-amino acid-sensitive foci in the cell wall and is required for the formation of the fibers and their anchorage to the cell wall (Romero et al., 2011). D-amino acids were also found to inhibit biofilm formation by other bacte ...
... 2011). Fiber release is mediated via an adaptor protein TapA, which forms D-amino acid-sensitive foci in the cell wall and is required for the formation of the fibers and their anchorage to the cell wall (Romero et al., 2011). D-amino acids were also found to inhibit biofilm formation by other bacte ...
Neutrophils in the innate immune response
... ribosomes and mitochondria7. Azurophilic and specific granules are formed during the promyelocyte and myelocyte stages of differentiation, respectively7. As myeloid precursors become mature neutrophils, they sequentially acquire the receptors and proteins needed for innate host defense (reviewed by ...
... ribosomes and mitochondria7. Azurophilic and specific granules are formed during the promyelocyte and myelocyte stages of differentiation, respectively7. As myeloid precursors become mature neutrophils, they sequentially acquire the receptors and proteins needed for innate host defense (reviewed by ...
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Whereby the Apical Ectodermal
... stylopod and ending with formation of the autopod (Saunders, 1948). As the limb grows outward from the body wall, differences along each axis can be observed which allow for normal function of the vertebrate limb: the proximal bone structure is much different than the distal bone structure, the form ...
... stylopod and ending with formation of the autopod (Saunders, 1948). As the limb grows outward from the body wall, differences along each axis can be observed which allow for normal function of the vertebrate limb: the proximal bone structure is much different than the distal bone structure, the form ...
biofilms as complex differentiated communities
... Biofilm formation can occur by at least three mechanisms. One is by the redistribution of attached cells by surface motility (12, 30). Results from O’Toole & Kolter (45) on studies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants suggest that type IV pili-mediated twitching motility plays a role in surface aggrega ...
... Biofilm formation can occur by at least three mechanisms. One is by the redistribution of attached cells by surface motility (12, 30). Results from O’Toole & Kolter (45) on studies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants suggest that type IV pili-mediated twitching motility plays a role in surface aggrega ...
Biofilm exopolysaccharides
... readily form rigid, non-deformable gels due to the highly specific interaction with either Ca#+ or Sr#+, a property which is widely used in biotechnology for the immobilization of cells and enzymes. This is not seen in bacterial alginates from Azotobacter vinelandii, even though these EPS closely re ...
... readily form rigid, non-deformable gels due to the highly specific interaction with either Ca#+ or Sr#+, a property which is widely used in biotechnology for the immobilization of cells and enzymes. This is not seen in bacterial alginates from Azotobacter vinelandii, even though these EPS closely re ...
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.