30.10.2009
... inhibition receptors of NK cells and contribute to the tolerance of the fetus in utero. CD1 molecules - bind glycolipid or other highly hydrophobic substances (microbial or their body), these complexes are recognized by specialized T lymphocytes. Others - like MHC gp I, but without the ability to ...
... inhibition receptors of NK cells and contribute to the tolerance of the fetus in utero. CD1 molecules - bind glycolipid or other highly hydrophobic substances (microbial or their body), these complexes are recognized by specialized T lymphocytes. Others - like MHC gp I, but without the ability to ...
Lecture outline : Immunity This is a protective or defense mechanism
... • Vaccine to provide long term protection • These preparations should be given at different sites in the body to prevent the antibodies from neutralizing the immunogen in the vaccine. • This approach is used in the prevention of • Tetanus, Rabies and Hepatitis B ...
... • Vaccine to provide long term protection • These preparations should be given at different sites in the body to prevent the antibodies from neutralizing the immunogen in the vaccine. • This approach is used in the prevention of • Tetanus, Rabies and Hepatitis B ...
3. Immunology
... As well as being in the plasma, IgA is the major immunoglobulin of the external secretory system and is found in saliva, tears, colostrum breast milk and in nasal, bronchial and intestinal secretions. IgA is present in large quantities in colostrum and breast milk and can be transferred across the g ...
... As well as being in the plasma, IgA is the major immunoglobulin of the external secretory system and is found in saliva, tears, colostrum breast milk and in nasal, bronchial and intestinal secretions. IgA is present in large quantities in colostrum and breast milk and can be transferred across the g ...
TOPIC: Immunity AIM: What is immunity?
... Do Now: Describe the difference between the two types of bone marrow. HW: Asexual Repro and Mitosis Reading Notes ...
... Do Now: Describe the difference between the two types of bone marrow. HW: Asexual Repro and Mitosis Reading Notes ...
A41-Immune Response
... 2nd line of defense (nonspecific): increased body temperature (fever) to create conditions unsuitable for pathogen growth; increased blood flow to injured or infected site resulting in inflammation; blood brings white blood cells called macrophages that engulf and kill pathogens ...
... 2nd line of defense (nonspecific): increased body temperature (fever) to create conditions unsuitable for pathogen growth; increased blood flow to injured or infected site resulting in inflammation; blood brings white blood cells called macrophages that engulf and kill pathogens ...
Lecture 19
... – Self/non-self recognition is achieved by having every cell of the body displays an individual specific marker. • Any cell not displaying this marker is treated as non-self and attacked. • The process is so effective that undigested proteins are treated as antigens. ...
... – Self/non-self recognition is achieved by having every cell of the body displays an individual specific marker. • Any cell not displaying this marker is treated as non-self and attacked. • The process is so effective that undigested proteins are treated as antigens. ...
Mucosal Immunisation (Lung and Middle Ear)
... Upper and lower respiratory epithelium Ciliated Mucocillary clearance: ~1010 particles per day Alveolar Macrophages Poor APC but excellent “cleaners” without initiating inflammation Neutrophils Excellent “cleaners” but cause significant collateral damage ...
... Upper and lower respiratory epithelium Ciliated Mucocillary clearance: ~1010 particles per day Alveolar Macrophages Poor APC but excellent “cleaners” without initiating inflammation Neutrophils Excellent “cleaners” but cause significant collateral damage ...
Loss of Mismatched HLA in Leukemia after Stem
... – The use of polymerase-chainreaction amplification of 12 highly polymorphic short-tandem-repeat markers spanning the entire length of chromosome 6 – The Illumina Human CNV370-Quad Bead Array – The Affymetrix Human SNP Array 6.0 single-nucleotidepolymorphism (SNP) array ...
... – The use of polymerase-chainreaction amplification of 12 highly polymorphic short-tandem-repeat markers spanning the entire length of chromosome 6 – The Illumina Human CNV370-Quad Bead Array – The Affymetrix Human SNP Array 6.0 single-nucleotidepolymorphism (SNP) array ...
3. Immunology
... Tissue macrophages also posses cell surface proteins of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which is important in transplantation immunity and presentation of antigen to helper T lymphocytes. ...
... Tissue macrophages also posses cell surface proteins of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which is important in transplantation immunity and presentation of antigen to helper T lymphocytes. ...
Chapter 7
... antibodies have been produced. The IgM and IgG classes of antibody play roles in complement mediated killing in different ways; see chapter 2. Cytokines, interleukins and lymphokines Cytokines, interleukins and lymphokines were sometimes called "factors", especially when they were still poorly chara ...
... antibodies have been produced. The IgM and IgG classes of antibody play roles in complement mediated killing in different ways; see chapter 2. Cytokines, interleukins and lymphokines Cytokines, interleukins and lymphokines were sometimes called "factors", especially when they were still poorly chara ...
Venepuncture course - blood components pps
... • Round or oval discs without a nucleus • They repair slightly damaged blood vessels and precipitate clotting • Short life span 5 – 9 days • 250,000 – 400,000 platelets present in each cubic millimetre of blood ...
... • Round or oval discs without a nucleus • They repair slightly damaged blood vessels and precipitate clotting • Short life span 5 – 9 days • 250,000 – 400,000 platelets present in each cubic millimetre of blood ...
File - Mrs. LeCompte
... Lymphocyte development allows the immune system that distinguishes self from nonself. The variable regions at the tip of each antigen receptor chain, which form the antigen-binding site, account for the diversity of lymphocytes. o The variability of these regions is enormous. o Each person has as ma ...
... Lymphocyte development allows the immune system that distinguishes self from nonself. The variable regions at the tip of each antigen receptor chain, which form the antigen-binding site, account for the diversity of lymphocytes. o The variability of these regions is enormous. o Each person has as ma ...
Timeline of immunology
... 1990 - Yamamoto et al., Molecular differences between the genes for blood groups O and A and between those for A and B 1990 - Gene therapy for SCID using cultured T cells 1991- Role of peptide for MHC Class II structure (Sadegh-Nasseri & Germain) 1992 – Hepatitis A vaccine developed 1993 - NIH team, ...
... 1990 - Yamamoto et al., Molecular differences between the genes for blood groups O and A and between those for A and B 1990 - Gene therapy for SCID using cultured T cells 1991- Role of peptide for MHC Class II structure (Sadegh-Nasseri & Germain) 1992 – Hepatitis A vaccine developed 1993 - NIH team, ...
Summary
... antigens in the presence of activating “danger“ signals, they will mature which in turn leads to altered expression of chemokine receptors, resulting in subsequent migration to the draining lymph nodes, coinciding with upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules like CD80 and CD86 and increased antigen ...
... antigens in the presence of activating “danger“ signals, they will mature which in turn leads to altered expression of chemokine receptors, resulting in subsequent migration to the draining lymph nodes, coinciding with upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules like CD80 and CD86 and increased antigen ...
Thymus and Spleen
... • The central artery is found in the white pulp • The central artery is surrounded by the PALS, which is T cells • Penicilli branch from the central artery into the red pulp ...
... • The central artery is found in the white pulp • The central artery is surrounded by the PALS, which is T cells • Penicilli branch from the central artery into the red pulp ...
Plasma activation of immune system for cancer treatment
... cell types was exposed to plasma. This suggests that plasma can activate macrophages directly. It also implies that plasma treated cancer cells are able to “communicate” with macrophages to influence their function. This effect was not as pronounced because the two cell types were not in direct cont ...
... cell types was exposed to plasma. This suggests that plasma can activate macrophages directly. It also implies that plasma treated cancer cells are able to “communicate” with macrophages to influence their function. This effect was not as pronounced because the two cell types were not in direct cont ...
Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint
... Bases of tumor immunity • The reaction of immunity is based on reaction to foreign antigen • Tumor must be recognised as foreign – endogennous antigen on the surface of self cells MHC I – Ts, Tc, NK • Alteration of cell antigens during tumorgenesis (lack of MHC I – desactivation of KIR, new antgien ...
... Bases of tumor immunity • The reaction of immunity is based on reaction to foreign antigen • Tumor must be recognised as foreign – endogennous antigen on the surface of self cells MHC I – Ts, Tc, NK • Alteration of cell antigens during tumorgenesis (lack of MHC I – desactivation of KIR, new antgien ...
CD40-Ligation in Vivo Promotes Activation and Migration of
... Adaptive immune responses begin after antigen bearing dendritic cells (DCs) traffic from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes where they play a key role in the initiation of specific T-cell responses. Ligation of CD40 is known to be an important signal in the activation and migration of Langerhans cell ...
... Adaptive immune responses begin after antigen bearing dendritic cells (DCs) traffic from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes where they play a key role in the initiation of specific T-cell responses. Ligation of CD40 is known to be an important signal in the activation and migration of Langerhans cell ...
Accessary cells: in adaptive immunity are cells aid in the response
... to exotoxins which are secreted bacterial toxins. The most important endotoxin is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent inducer of cytokine synthesis found in gram-negative bacteria. Epitope: a site on an antigen recognized by an antibody, also called antigenic determinants. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): ...
... to exotoxins which are secreted bacterial toxins. The most important endotoxin is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent inducer of cytokine synthesis found in gram-negative bacteria. Epitope: a site on an antigen recognized by an antibody, also called antigenic determinants. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): ...
and NK T cells
... KO mice reveal a unique role for Gamma Delta T cells Certain infections can be lethal. Most infections reveal inflammatory defects in KO mice. Pathological outcome is different than that of KO mice—which usually die upon infectious challenge. Skin wound healing is impaired. ...
... KO mice reveal a unique role for Gamma Delta T cells Certain infections can be lethal. Most infections reveal inflammatory defects in KO mice. Pathological outcome is different than that of KO mice—which usually die upon infectious challenge. Skin wound healing is impaired. ...
cells
... bound to a class II MHC molecule. The TH cell recognizes and interacts with the distinctive membrane molecules on lymphocytes. (a) B cells have about 100 000 molecules of membrane-bound antibody per cell. All the antibody molecules on a given B cell have the same antigenic Specificity and can intera ...
... bound to a class II MHC molecule. The TH cell recognizes and interacts with the distinctive membrane molecules on lymphocytes. (a) B cells have about 100 000 molecules of membrane-bound antibody per cell. All the antibody molecules on a given B cell have the same antigenic Specificity and can intera ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.