SUC1 and SUC2: two sucrose transporters from Arabidopsis
... conserved sequences is also found in the Arabidopsis sucrose transporters; these sequences, however, are different from those found in STP1 and MST1 (Table 1). For various monosaccharide transporters it has been postulated that their present structure with 12 transmembrane segments might have evolve ...
... conserved sequences is also found in the Arabidopsis sucrose transporters; these sequences, however, are different from those found in STP1 and MST1 (Table 1). For various monosaccharide transporters it has been postulated that their present structure with 12 transmembrane segments might have evolve ...
Determination of the Correlation between Conductance and Architecture of Disordered ß-amyloid Channels
... facilitated by oligomers of Aβ, inducing oxidative stress on the cells. Oxidative stress apoptosis results from persistent cellular destabilization by the oligomers[3]. ...
... facilitated by oligomers of Aβ, inducing oxidative stress on the cells. Oxidative stress apoptosis results from persistent cellular destabilization by the oligomers[3]. ...
Activation of hilA expression at low pH requires the signal sensor
... an activator for these genes. In a Salmonella cpxA mutant, the hilA expression level was reduced to less than 10 % of that in the parent strain at pH 6?0. This mutant strain also showed undetectable synthesis of an invasion gene product, SipC, at pH 6?0 and reduced cell invasion capacity – as low as ...
... an activator for these genes. In a Salmonella cpxA mutant, the hilA expression level was reduced to less than 10 % of that in the parent strain at pH 6?0. This mutant strain also showed undetectable synthesis of an invasion gene product, SipC, at pH 6?0 and reduced cell invasion capacity – as low as ...
Endoplasmic reticulum potassium–hydrogen exchanger and small
... exchanger (NHE) also cannot be excluded as at least one of the NHE proteins (NHE6) also has a signal peptide for the ER membrane (Miyazaki et al., 2001). Involvement of KHE and/or NHEs means that cations should be extruded from the ER during uptake of Ca2+ by the ER, and the ER might also need addit ...
... exchanger (NHE) also cannot be excluded as at least one of the NHE proteins (NHE6) also has a signal peptide for the ER membrane (Miyazaki et al., 2001). Involvement of KHE and/or NHEs means that cations should be extruded from the ER during uptake of Ca2+ by the ER, and the ER might also need addit ...
An analysis of the response to gut induction in the C. elegans embryo
... and then was placed in contact with a younger P2 blastomere (from an embryo in the first half of its four cell stage). In this way EMS blastomeres of varying ages could be tested to see if they can still respond to a signal. This experiment was carried out six times; 0/6 produced gut, suggesting tha ...
... and then was placed in contact with a younger P2 blastomere (from an embryo in the first half of its four cell stage). In this way EMS blastomeres of varying ages could be tested to see if they can still respond to a signal. This experiment was carried out six times; 0/6 produced gut, suggesting tha ...
Intraflagellar transport protein 172 is essential for primary cilia
... required for proper function of the embryonic node, an early embryonic organizer, and for formation of the head organizing center, known as anterior mesendoderm (AME). We propose a model suggesting that the mechanism of global brain patterning depends on an early function of Ift172 at gastrulation a ...
... required for proper function of the embryonic node, an early embryonic organizer, and for formation of the head organizing center, known as anterior mesendoderm (AME). We propose a model suggesting that the mechanism of global brain patterning depends on an early function of Ift172 at gastrulation a ...
Conjugated linoleic acid decreases production
... decreased the interferon-g (IFNg)-induced mRNA expression of mediators of inflammation including cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), inducible NOS (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa). Reporter assays also demonstrated reduced IFNg-stimulated transcriptional activity of the iNOS and COX2 promoters by CLA ...
... decreased the interferon-g (IFNg)-induced mRNA expression of mediators of inflammation including cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), inducible NOS (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa). Reporter assays also demonstrated reduced IFNg-stimulated transcriptional activity of the iNOS and COX2 promoters by CLA ...
Long-Term Acclimation of the Cyanobacterium
... (data not shown; see Table I for Chl level), amounts of Chl and phycobilisomes per cell were markedly lowered as a response to higher irradiance (Fig. 1A). Chl concentration at HL2 reached about 50% of that observed at ML (Table I; Supplemental Fig. S2). Levels of carotenoids also decreased, except ...
... (data not shown; see Table I for Chl level), amounts of Chl and phycobilisomes per cell were markedly lowered as a response to higher irradiance (Fig. 1A). Chl concentration at HL2 reached about 50% of that observed at ML (Table I; Supplemental Fig. S2). Levels of carotenoids also decreased, except ...
How Do Neurons Convey Information?
... Because we do not feel waves traveling around our bodies, the waves that carry the nervous system’s messages must be very small and restricted to the surface of neurons. Still, we can measure such waves and determine how they are produced by using electrical-stimulation and -recording techniques. If ...
... Because we do not feel waves traveling around our bodies, the waves that carry the nervous system’s messages must be very small and restricted to the surface of neurons. Still, we can measure such waves and determine how they are produced by using electrical-stimulation and -recording techniques. If ...
Biochemical Evidence for the Role of the Waxy Protein fron Pea
... supernatant was similar and the starch synthase activity eluted at the same positions in the gradient (not illustrated). Another factor that did not affect recovery of activity or the activity profile obtained from the Mono-Q chromatography was whether the purified starch was used 'wet/ i.e. solubil ...
... supernatant was similar and the starch synthase activity eluted at the same positions in the gradient (not illustrated). Another factor that did not affect recovery of activity or the activity profile obtained from the Mono-Q chromatography was whether the purified starch was used 'wet/ i.e. solubil ...
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris
... studies have provided several lines of evidence strongly suggesting a common origin for both enzymes. Antibodies raised against human p22PHOX, p47PHOX, and p67PHOX cross-reacted with plant proteins of similar sizes (32, 116), and in several plant species rboh genes (respiratory burst oxidase homolog ...
... studies have provided several lines of evidence strongly suggesting a common origin for both enzymes. Antibodies raised against human p22PHOX, p47PHOX, and p67PHOX cross-reacted with plant proteins of similar sizes (32, 116), and in several plant species rboh genes (respiratory burst oxidase homolog ...
Translation of Cyclin mRNA Is Necessary for Extracts of Activated
... good, although it is still impressive between residues 150 and 300. As we shall show elsewhere, the sequences can be classified into A and B types, and the frog cyclins described here belong in the B class together with sea urchin cyclin and S. pombe cdc73+. The manually aligned sequence listings in ...
... good, although it is still impressive between residues 150 and 300. As we shall show elsewhere, the sequences can be classified into A and B types, and the frog cyclins described here belong in the B class together with sea urchin cyclin and S. pombe cdc73+. The manually aligned sequence listings in ...
Chapter 4 - A Tour of the Cell 08-09
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroscience
... Consistent with these observations, Rest promoter activity is itself repressed in some postmitotic cortical neurons (Ballas et al., 2005). In other contexts, however, Rest promoter activity is reported as similar between neuronal and non-neuronal cell types (Kojima et al., 2001). Thus, whether post- ...
... Consistent with these observations, Rest promoter activity is itself repressed in some postmitotic cortical neurons (Ballas et al., 2005). In other contexts, however, Rest promoter activity is reported as similar between neuronal and non-neuronal cell types (Kojima et al., 2001). Thus, whether post- ...
Good news in the nuclear envelope: loss of lamin A might be a gain
... the more important of the 2 isoforms, with lamin C merely playing a subordinate, auxiliary role. This view was recently reinforced by the discovery that mutations in LMNA that affect only lamin A, but not lamin C, led to accumulation of the farnesylated prelamin A intermediate, which acts in a domin ...
... the more important of the 2 isoforms, with lamin C merely playing a subordinate, auxiliary role. This view was recently reinforced by the discovery that mutations in LMNA that affect only lamin A, but not lamin C, led to accumulation of the farnesylated prelamin A intermediate, which acts in a domin ...
O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitors: current tools and
... Biochemical Society Transactions (2016) Volume 44, part 1 ...
... Biochemical Society Transactions (2016) Volume 44, part 1 ...
The End of the Line: Can Ferredoxin and Ferredoxin NADP(H
... and minor photosynthetic Fds have been identified in several species, with Arabidopsis and pea the best studied examples. In both cases there is a more abundant, major iso-protein and an iso-protein that is only present at very low levels [8] or is undetectable [66-68]. Studies on gene expression an ...
... and minor photosynthetic Fds have been identified in several species, with Arabidopsis and pea the best studied examples. In both cases there is a more abundant, major iso-protein and an iso-protein that is only present at very low levels [8] or is undetectable [66-68]. Studies on gene expression an ...
Plasma
... mutations in LPL are linked to many disorders of lipoprotein metabolism. High-fat diets have been shown to cause tissuespecific over expression of LPL: This has been implicated in tissue-specific insulin resistance and consequent development of type 2 diabetes mellitus Gihan Gawish.Dr ...
... mutations in LPL are linked to many disorders of lipoprotein metabolism. High-fat diets have been shown to cause tissuespecific over expression of LPL: This has been implicated in tissue-specific insulin resistance and consequent development of type 2 diabetes mellitus Gihan Gawish.Dr ...
Regulation of intermediary metabolism by protein acetylation
... mouse liver tissues and HeLa cells [10]. Notably, 277 acetylated peptides are derived from 133 proteins that are located in the mitochondrion, including many intermediary metabolic enzymes. The identification of multiple acetylated metabolic enzymes offered the first peek into the extent of acetylat ...
... mouse liver tissues and HeLa cells [10]. Notably, 277 acetylated peptides are derived from 133 proteins that are located in the mitochondrion, including many intermediary metabolic enzymes. The identification of multiple acetylated metabolic enzymes offered the first peek into the extent of acetylat ...
Secured cutting: controlling separase at the metaphase to anaphase
... DNA is damaged, anaphase onset is delayed to allow repair before sister sequences are segregated from each other. In budding yeast, DNA damage elicits a response pathway which uses two routes that act together to prevent anaphase (Cohen-Fix and Koshland, 1997; Gardner et al., 1999; Sanchez et al., 1 ...
... DNA is damaged, anaphase onset is delayed to allow repair before sister sequences are segregated from each other. In budding yeast, DNA damage elicits a response pathway which uses two routes that act together to prevent anaphase (Cohen-Fix and Koshland, 1997; Gardner et al., 1999; Sanchez et al., 1 ...
Cellular Respiration
... produced during cellular respiration, enough for a few seconds of intense activity. Lactic acid fermentation can supply enough ATP to last about 90 seconds. However, extra oxygen is required to get rid of the lactic acid produced. Following intense exercise, a person will huff and puff for several m ...
... produced during cellular respiration, enough for a few seconds of intense activity. Lactic acid fermentation can supply enough ATP to last about 90 seconds. However, extra oxygen is required to get rid of the lactic acid produced. Following intense exercise, a person will huff and puff for several m ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.