Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... spiking activity with highly spatio-temporally resolved blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI responses from the visual cortex of monkeys. The largest magnitude changes were observed in LFPs, which at recording sites characterized by transient responses were the only signal that signi®cantly corr ...
... spiking activity with highly spatio-temporally resolved blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI responses from the visual cortex of monkeys. The largest magnitude changes were observed in LFPs, which at recording sites characterized by transient responses were the only signal that signi®cantly corr ...
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... first part of the thesis was on the basic characterisation of the maturation and trafficking of the CLN5 protein by in vitro studies. Thorough analyses presented proteolytical cleavage of a predicted CLN5 signal peptide in the ER, subsequent maturation/trimming of the proform followed by trafficking ...
... first part of the thesis was on the basic characterisation of the maturation and trafficking of the CLN5 protein by in vitro studies. Thorough analyses presented proteolytical cleavage of a predicted CLN5 signal peptide in the ER, subsequent maturation/trimming of the proform followed by trafficking ...
Glycosyltransferase activity of Fringe modulates
... evidence that Fringe acts in the Golgi as a glycosyltransferase enzyme that modifies the epidermal growth factor (EGF) modules of Notch and alters the ability of Notch to bind its ligand Delta. Fringe catalyses the addition of N-acetylglucosamine to fucose, which is consistent with a role in the elo ...
... evidence that Fringe acts in the Golgi as a glycosyltransferase enzyme that modifies the epidermal growth factor (EGF) modules of Notch and alters the ability of Notch to bind its ligand Delta. Fringe catalyses the addition of N-acetylglucosamine to fucose, which is consistent with a role in the elo ...
The Ribosome, rRNA and mRNA (3.1)
... contacted exclusively by conserved ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residues from domain V of 23S rRNA; there are no protein side-chain atoms closer than about 18 angstroms to the peptide bond being synthesized. The mechanism of peptide bond synthesis appears to resemble the reverse of the acylation step in ser ...
... contacted exclusively by conserved ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residues from domain V of 23S rRNA; there are no protein side-chain atoms closer than about 18 angstroms to the peptide bond being synthesized. The mechanism of peptide bond synthesis appears to resemble the reverse of the acylation step in ser ...
Mutations Defining Functional Regions of the Superantigen
... P. Marrack, manuscript in preparation). One of these antibodies, B344.1, was used both for quantitation and immunoaffinity purification of SEB and its mutants in these experiments. B344.1 is an IgG1 that was chosen because initial characterization showed that it had a high affinity for SEK bound equ ...
... P. Marrack, manuscript in preparation). One of these antibodies, B344.1, was used both for quantitation and immunoaffinity purification of SEB and its mutants in these experiments. B344.1 is an IgG1 that was chosen because initial characterization showed that it had a high affinity for SEK bound equ ...
Apoptosis-inducing factor is involved in the regulation of caspase
... induces neuronal cell death through a rapid Apaf1-dependent pathway in wild-type neurons, and through a delayed pathway in Apaf1-deficient neurons. These two cell death pathways could be further distinguished on the basis of caspase involvement and cellular morphology. In wild-type neurons, camptoth ...
... induces neuronal cell death through a rapid Apaf1-dependent pathway in wild-type neurons, and through a delayed pathway in Apaf1-deficient neurons. These two cell death pathways could be further distinguished on the basis of caspase involvement and cellular morphology. In wild-type neurons, camptoth ...
Canine Olfaction: An Overview of the Anatomy, Physiology and
... the olfactory receptors. It is believed that all the cilia on a single ORC have the same type of olfactory receptor. Each olfactory receptor binds to one specific physio-chemical property (e.g., carbon chain length or attached functional groups) of an odorant. An odorant molecule will have multiple ...
... the olfactory receptors. It is believed that all the cilia on a single ORC have the same type of olfactory receptor. Each olfactory receptor binds to one specific physio-chemical property (e.g., carbon chain length or attached functional groups) of an odorant. An odorant molecule will have multiple ...
Conserved Positions for Ribose Recognition: Importance of Water
... many mononucleotide and dinucleotide binding folds.6,7 Similarly, analysis of the phosphate moiety present in mononucleotides allowed the identification of structural phosphate binding motifs among several superfamilies, even in cases where there was no sequence signature for binding phosphate.8 In ...
... many mononucleotide and dinucleotide binding folds.6,7 Similarly, analysis of the phosphate moiety present in mononucleotides allowed the identification of structural phosphate binding motifs among several superfamilies, even in cases where there was no sequence signature for binding phosphate.8 In ...
Transmitter Release
... B. The voltage-gatedNa+ channelsare completely blocked by adding tetrodotoxin (TTX)to the cell-bathingsolution. Eachset of three traces represents (from bottom to top) the depolarizing current pulse injected into the presynapticterminal (I). the resulting potential in the presynapticterminal (Pre), ...
... B. The voltage-gatedNa+ channelsare completely blocked by adding tetrodotoxin (TTX)to the cell-bathingsolution. Eachset of three traces represents (from bottom to top) the depolarizing current pulse injected into the presynapticterminal (I). the resulting potential in the presynapticterminal (Pre), ...
Application of a bacterial two-hybrid system for the
... peak sizes of the recombinant proteins could be determined. For the monomers of FmhB, FemA and FemB, the measured molecular masses correlated well with the theoretical values derived from the amino acid sequences, and it was determined that FemA and FemB formed dimers (Fig. 3a, b; Table 3). GST-pull ...
... peak sizes of the recombinant proteins could be determined. For the monomers of FmhB, FemA and FemB, the measured molecular masses correlated well with the theoretical values derived from the amino acid sequences, and it was determined that FemA and FemB formed dimers (Fig. 3a, b; Table 3). GST-pull ...
Direct conversion of root primordium into shoot meristem relies on
... was analyzed in explants prepared from Ler-Col-0 hybrid (A-D) or Col-0 plants (E,F). Scale bars: 2 mm. ...
... was analyzed in explants prepared from Ler-Col-0 hybrid (A-D) or Col-0 plants (E,F). Scale bars: 2 mm. ...
during T Lymphocyte Activation Coordinately Regulated by ERK
... Activation of a naive T cell is a highly energetic event, which requires a substantial increase in nutrient metabolism. Upon stimulation, T cells increase in size, rapidly proliferate, and differentiate, all of which lead to a high demand for energetic and biosynthetic precursors. Although amino aci ...
... Activation of a naive T cell is a highly energetic event, which requires a substantial increase in nutrient metabolism. Upon stimulation, T cells increase in size, rapidly proliferate, and differentiate, all of which lead to a high demand for energetic and biosynthetic precursors. Although amino aci ...
Self-Subunit Swapping Occurs in Another Gene Type of Cobalt
... of metal ions into NHases is mediated by various ‘‘activator proteins’’ [1]. Fe-NHases require activators for functional expression in Rhodococcus sp. N-771 [24], Pseudomonas chlororaphis B23 [25], and Rhodococcus sp. N-774 [26]. A proposed metal-binding motif, CXCC, in the NHase activator of Rhodoc ...
... of metal ions into NHases is mediated by various ‘‘activator proteins’’ [1]. Fe-NHases require activators for functional expression in Rhodococcus sp. N-771 [24], Pseudomonas chlororaphis B23 [25], and Rhodococcus sp. N-774 [26]. A proposed metal-binding motif, CXCC, in the NHase activator of Rhodoc ...
Familial Hyperlipidemias - Welcome to the Department of
... Categorized by type of lipoprotein particle that accumulated in the blood Does not include HDL Not take into account cause Not distinguish between primary and secondary causes ...
... Categorized by type of lipoprotein particle that accumulated in the blood Does not include HDL Not take into account cause Not distinguish between primary and secondary causes ...
Determination of Protein Molecular Weight
... Proteins are a highly diversified class of biomolecules. Differences in their chemical properties, such as charge, functional groups, shape, size and solubility enable them to perform many biological functions. These functions include enzyme catalysis, metabolic regulation, binding and transport of ...
... Proteins are a highly diversified class of biomolecules. Differences in their chemical properties, such as charge, functional groups, shape, size and solubility enable them to perform many biological functions. These functions include enzyme catalysis, metabolic regulation, binding and transport of ...
MEK kinase activity is not necessary for Raf
... 1997; Barnard et al., 1998). Recent data have also suggested that phosphorylation of Raf-1 at serine 338 is required for activation, demonstrating that complex phosphorylation events take place within this region of Raf-1 (Diaz et al., 1997; Barnard et al., 1998; Mason et al., 1999). However, the ph ...
... 1997; Barnard et al., 1998). Recent data have also suggested that phosphorylation of Raf-1 at serine 338 is required for activation, demonstrating that complex phosphorylation events take place within this region of Raf-1 (Diaz et al., 1997; Barnard et al., 1998; Mason et al., 1999). However, the ph ...
Electrical Signaling
... Using Ions as Messengers • Important things to recall (and understand): – ions are just atoms with a charge, – membrane potentials are established by ionic charges (electrochemical gradients), – changes in charge can affect membrane proteins such as channels, – other membrane channels allow for ion ...
... Using Ions as Messengers • Important things to recall (and understand): – ions are just atoms with a charge, – membrane potentials are established by ionic charges (electrochemical gradients), – changes in charge can affect membrane proteins such as channels, – other membrane channels allow for ion ...
Imaging Single-mRNA Localization and Translation in Live Neurons
... (Dictenberg et al., 2008) and for mRNA delivery to dendritic spines in response to synaptic stimulation (Kao et al., 2010). Live imaging of neurons also showed that Huntingtin (Htt), huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1), KIF5A, and dynein intermediate chain are associated with -actin mRNA during ...
... (Dictenberg et al., 2008) and for mRNA delivery to dendritic spines in response to synaptic stimulation (Kao et al., 2010). Live imaging of neurons also showed that Huntingtin (Htt), huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1), KIF5A, and dynein intermediate chain are associated with -actin mRNA during ...
Selective Dimerization of a C2H2 Zinc Finger Subfamily
... fingers comprise a bona fide dimerization domain. Dimerization is highly selective, however, as homologous domains from the TRPS-1 and Drosophila Hunchback proteins support homodimerization, but not heterodimerization with Ikaros. Ikaros-Hunchback selectivity is determined by 11 residues concentrate ...
... fingers comprise a bona fide dimerization domain. Dimerization is highly selective, however, as homologous domains from the TRPS-1 and Drosophila Hunchback proteins support homodimerization, but not heterodimerization with Ikaros. Ikaros-Hunchback selectivity is determined by 11 residues concentrate ...
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... horns, similarly processed, were used as controls. Sections were examined for u.v. fluorescence in a Wild M 20 microscope. Photographs were taken in colour using Kodak High Speed Ektachrome and in black and white using Tri-X. For tracing by the fluorescent antibody technique, normal human serum was ...
... horns, similarly processed, were used as controls. Sections were examined for u.v. fluorescence in a Wild M 20 microscope. Photographs were taken in colour using Kodak High Speed Ektachrome and in black and white using Tri-X. For tracing by the fluorescent antibody technique, normal human serum was ...
The Chemical & Physical Structure of Merino Wool
... Figure 4. The ionic groups also control the dyeing behaviour of the fibre, as a result of their interactions with negatively charged dye molecules. The Physical Structure of Wool ...
... Figure 4. The ionic groups also control the dyeing behaviour of the fibre, as a result of their interactions with negatively charged dye molecules. The Physical Structure of Wool ...
Homology Modeling a Fast Tool for Drug Discovery
... their functions. The recent advances in homology modeling, particularly in detecting and aligning sequences with template structures, distant homologues, modeling of loops and side chains as well as detecting errors in a model contributed to consistent prediction of protein structure, which was not ...
... their functions. The recent advances in homology modeling, particularly in detecting and aligning sequences with template structures, distant homologues, modeling of loops and side chains as well as detecting errors in a model contributed to consistent prediction of protein structure, which was not ...
Enzyme Activities Associated with Carbohydrate
... antinotransferase. This enzyme may be a point of control for chitin synthesis. The results in Fig. 2 ( d ) were obtained with concentrations of fructose-6-phosphate and glutamine giving maximum enzyme activity. Study of the relative enzyme activity shown by the ratio of the activity in the two forms ...
... antinotransferase. This enzyme may be a point of control for chitin synthesis. The results in Fig. 2 ( d ) were obtained with concentrations of fructose-6-phosphate and glutamine giving maximum enzyme activity. Study of the relative enzyme activity shown by the ratio of the activity in the two forms ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.