An Overview of the Muscle Cell Cytoskeleton
... are usually aligned in the muscle cell. Extraction of muscle with high salt solutions removes most of the contractile proteins, but an intricate system of filamentous material remains which can be observed by electron microscopy (Wang and Ramirez-Mitchell, 1983). There appeared to be residual connec ...
... are usually aligned in the muscle cell. Extraction of muscle with high salt solutions removes most of the contractile proteins, but an intricate system of filamentous material remains which can be observed by electron microscopy (Wang and Ramirez-Mitchell, 1983). There appeared to be residual connec ...
Stem cells as a source of insulin
... indicating incomplete differentiation. Moreover, these cells secrete insulin in response to glucose stimulation.76 Similar results were obtained by treating theses cells with GLP1.77 Zhao et al.78 separated human exocrine cells and treated them with streptozotocin and G418 to remove β-cells and fib ...
... indicating incomplete differentiation. Moreover, these cells secrete insulin in response to glucose stimulation.76 Similar results were obtained by treating theses cells with GLP1.77 Zhao et al.78 separated human exocrine cells and treated them with streptozotocin and G418 to remove β-cells and fib ...
Transport. Active and Passive
... • Pumps are carrier proteins that require energy to move substances UP their concentration gradient. • The sodium-potassium pump is a carrier protein that actively transports three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell. – This pump is one of the most important carrier prot ...
... • Pumps are carrier proteins that require energy to move substances UP their concentration gradient. • The sodium-potassium pump is a carrier protein that actively transports three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell. – This pump is one of the most important carrier prot ...
Cell adhesion and phagocytosis promoted by monoclonal
... spreading, then it seems likely that cell adhesion receptors will turn out to be a limited subset of cell surface components. Alternatively, if direct transmembrane interactions between cell surface receptors and the cytoskeleton are not required for cell spreading, then it may be that almost any ce ...
... spreading, then it seems likely that cell adhesion receptors will turn out to be a limited subset of cell surface components. Alternatively, if direct transmembrane interactions between cell surface receptors and the cytoskeleton are not required for cell spreading, then it may be that almost any ce ...
bone marrow targeting and targeting to lysosomal
... after intravenous administration. Since intravenously administered colloidal particles are normally removed efficiently by RES cells of liver and spleen , only a small fraction of these particles reaches the bone marrow. Modification of the surfaces of the particles by a polymer in order to prov ...
... after intravenous administration. Since intravenously administered colloidal particles are normally removed efficiently by RES cells of liver and spleen , only a small fraction of these particles reaches the bone marrow. Modification of the surfaces of the particles by a polymer in order to prov ...
Macroscopic stiffening of embryonic tissues via
... cell rearrangement during gastrulation is regulated by the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. Cell or tissue response to chemotactic signals or activation of the PCP pathway depends both on specific details of the molecular programs, as well as on the mechanical context in which they play out (Davi ...
... cell rearrangement during gastrulation is regulated by the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. Cell or tissue response to chemotactic signals or activation of the PCP pathway depends both on specific details of the molecular programs, as well as on the mechanical context in which they play out (Davi ...
cell structure and function cell structure and function
... does, as shown in Figure 4 -5. This trend is important because the materials needed by a cell (such as nutrients and oxygen) and the wastes produced by a cell (such as carbon dioxide) must pass into and out of the cell through its surface. If a cell were to become very large, the volume would increa ...
... does, as shown in Figure 4 -5. This trend is important because the materials needed by a cell (such as nutrients and oxygen) and the wastes produced by a cell (such as carbon dioxide) must pass into and out of the cell through its surface. If a cell were to become very large, the volume would increa ...
Kang, J., A. Volkmann, and D.H. Raulet. 2001. Evidence that gammadelta versus alphabeta T cell fate determination is initiated independently of T cell receptor signaling. J Exp Med 193:689-698.
... were analyzed 1 h later by flow cytometry. For the analysis of IL7R␣ expression on thymic precursor populations, CD4⫺CD8⫺ thymocytes were isolated by rabbit and guinea pig complement– mediated lysis of CD4⫹ and/or CD8⫹ thymocytes using antiCD4 (RL172) and CD8 (AD4-15) ascites fluids. After one or tw ...
... were analyzed 1 h later by flow cytometry. For the analysis of IL7R␣ expression on thymic precursor populations, CD4⫺CD8⫺ thymocytes were isolated by rabbit and guinea pig complement– mediated lysis of CD4⫹ and/or CD8⫹ thymocytes using antiCD4 (RL172) and CD8 (AD4-15) ascites fluids. After one or tw ...
of Limb Morphogenesis in a Model System
... as are chondrocytes from stage 30, or morphogenetic expression, as are stage 19 cells, they must contain either some components of both cell types, or an intermediate cell type with the properties of neither. If this population contained a subpopulation of stage 19 cells, then morphogenesis should r ...
... as are chondrocytes from stage 30, or morphogenetic expression, as are stage 19 cells, they must contain either some components of both cell types, or an intermediate cell type with the properties of neither. If this population contained a subpopulation of stage 19 cells, then morphogenesis should r ...
Production of monoterpenoids and aroma compounds from cell
... obtained on MS media containing 2,4-D and BA was friable as well as very soft in texture. Moreover, the size of callus lump obtained in this particular media was also large ranging from 11 to 20 mm. The calli obtained on Heller based media were compact in nature and thus were not compatible to be us ...
... obtained on MS media containing 2,4-D and BA was friable as well as very soft in texture. Moreover, the size of callus lump obtained in this particular media was also large ranging from 11 to 20 mm. The calli obtained on Heller based media were compact in nature and thus were not compatible to be us ...
Roles of ARFRP1 (ADP-ribosylation factor
... endosome/lysosome) or EEA1 (early endosome) (see Fig. S1 in supplementary material). Because our attempts to identify the ARFRP1-positive endosome-like structures by immunoelectron microscopy were unsuccessful, we did not address this issue further. We then examined the effects of brefeldin A (BFA) ...
... endosome/lysosome) or EEA1 (early endosome) (see Fig. S1 in supplementary material). Because our attempts to identify the ARFRP1-positive endosome-like structures by immunoelectron microscopy were unsuccessful, we did not address this issue further. We then examined the effects of brefeldin A (BFA) ...
Introduction
... origin of the epithelial cell. The permeability for various substances thus varies among epithelium, and can also change in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. The apical membrane faces the lumen in the cavities or the external environment surrounding the body, while the basal- and t ...
... origin of the epithelial cell. The permeability for various substances thus varies among epithelium, and can also change in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. The apical membrane faces the lumen in the cavities or the external environment surrounding the body, while the basal- and t ...
High Expression of the Tonoplast Aquaporin
... through xylem vessels and phloem sieve tubes that have no real membrane barriers to such transport. In contrast, water and solutes that enter these principal conduits pass through living tissues and may encounter membrane barriers when they follow the transcellular path. Cell-to-cell flow can be a m ...
... through xylem vessels and phloem sieve tubes that have no real membrane barriers to such transport. In contrast, water and solutes that enter these principal conduits pass through living tissues and may encounter membrane barriers when they follow the transcellular path. Cell-to-cell flow can be a m ...
Antibiotics_classificaions_mechanism of action
... 5. Ideally, treatment with antibiotics should not be instituted before samples for sensitivity testing have been collected. Such tests can be dispensed with, however, when the causative organism is known and its response to the antibiotic is predictable. But the sensitivity of, for instance, many g ...
... 5. Ideally, treatment with antibiotics should not be instituted before samples for sensitivity testing have been collected. Such tests can be dispensed with, however, when the causative organism is known and its response to the antibiotic is predictable. But the sensitivity of, for instance, many g ...
Cotyledon cells of Vigna mungo seedlings use at least two distinct
... interacts with vacuoles to be degraded by -amylase. A cotyledon of a day 3 seedling is composed of heterologous cells with respect to the amount of reserves in the cells. Cells positioned near a vascular bundle (VB) were filled with storage materials (Fig. 4 A, region I), the reserves were degraded ...
... interacts with vacuoles to be degraded by -amylase. A cotyledon of a day 3 seedling is composed of heterologous cells with respect to the amount of reserves in the cells. Cells positioned near a vascular bundle (VB) were filled with storage materials (Fig. 4 A, region I), the reserves were degraded ...
Smoldering and polarized inflammation in the initiation and
... CANCER CELL : MARCH 2005 · VOL. 7 · COPYRIGHT © 2005 ELSEVIER INC. ...
... CANCER CELL : MARCH 2005 · VOL. 7 · COPYRIGHT © 2005 ELSEVIER INC. ...
Endocytosis of Particle Formulations by Macrophages
... inflammatory responses; and these responses should be taken into account for delivery of nucleic acids, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA). Administration of siRNA via liposomes or transgenic reagent Lipofectamine® induce potent immunostimulation generating TH1 inflammatory cytokines from human m ...
... inflammatory responses; and these responses should be taken into account for delivery of nucleic acids, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA). Administration of siRNA via liposomes or transgenic reagent Lipofectamine® induce potent immunostimulation generating TH1 inflammatory cytokines from human m ...
JetFlex Genomic DNA Purification Kit Handbook (, 0.15 kB)
... a12) Preparation of a DNA-containing lysate from various amounts of whole blood 1.) Add 300 µl / 2 ml / 10 ml / 50 ml of whole blood to a suitable tube with 300 µl / 2 ml / 10 ml / 50 ml of RBC lysis buffer. Mix well by inverting until the mixture is homogeneous and go ahead immediately to step 2. I ...
... a12) Preparation of a DNA-containing lysate from various amounts of whole blood 1.) Add 300 µl / 2 ml / 10 ml / 50 ml of whole blood to a suitable tube with 300 µl / 2 ml / 10 ml / 50 ml of RBC lysis buffer. Mix well by inverting until the mixture is homogeneous and go ahead immediately to step 2. I ...
Induced pluripotent stem cells for modelling human diseases
... Progress in understanding and treating many diseases has been impeded by the lack of in vitro models, especially for conditions for which affected cell types are inaccessible. Many cells affected by disease have defied attempts at in vitro culture, or their phenotype has been altered by accommodatio ...
... Progress in understanding and treating many diseases has been impeded by the lack of in vitro models, especially for conditions for which affected cell types are inaccessible. Many cells affected by disease have defied attempts at in vitro culture, or their phenotype has been altered by accommodatio ...
Induction of Exogenous Molecule Transfer into Plant Cells by Ion
... Fig 6 shows that the 30-keV Ar-ion bombardment induced NR penetration in Curcuma embryo cells. Normally, intact or uninjured plant cells can prevent the vital dye from entering the cells, while injured but still alive cells accumulate the dye in their vacuoles and then exhaust the exogenous molecule ...
... Fig 6 shows that the 30-keV Ar-ion bombardment induced NR penetration in Curcuma embryo cells. Normally, intact or uninjured plant cells can prevent the vital dye from entering the cells, while injured but still alive cells accumulate the dye in their vacuoles and then exhaust the exogenous molecule ...
Jim Bidlack - BIO 1114 GENERAL BIOLOGY Lecture 23
... Procambium - produces vascular tissue (vascular cylinder referred to as the ...
... Procambium - produces vascular tissue (vascular cylinder referred to as the ...
Optical measurement of cell membrane tension
... topography of the membrane with sub-wavelength accuracy and without contact. However, existing optical methods, including phase contrast microscopy (PCM)6, reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM)10, and fluorescence interference contrast (FLIC)20 are limited in their ability to measure ce ...
... topography of the membrane with sub-wavelength accuracy and without contact. However, existing optical methods, including phase contrast microscopy (PCM)6, reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM)10, and fluorescence interference contrast (FLIC)20 are limited in their ability to measure ce ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.