Title
... Gravitational lenses are caused by light from bright, distant sources becoming ‘bent round’ other line-ofsight massive objects Thus the distant source appears to be displaced from its actual location ...
... Gravitational lenses are caused by light from bright, distant sources becoming ‘bent round’ other line-ofsight massive objects Thus the distant source appears to be displaced from its actual location ...
Draft paper (Published in ApJL)
... 50 as they traverse the pancake, as well as the rest of the galaxies labeled in Fig. 2 as non-star forming. One may wonder how the pancake, which is only a few times overdense relative to the mean baryonic density of the Universe (see middle panels of Fig. 4), is able to remove the much denser gas t ...
... 50 as they traverse the pancake, as well as the rest of the galaxies labeled in Fig. 2 as non-star forming. One may wonder how the pancake, which is only a few times overdense relative to the mean baryonic density of the Universe (see middle panels of Fig. 4), is able to remove the much denser gas t ...
Preface
... All-Sky Far-Infrared Survey, was used to measure the angular and spatial clustering of such galaxies (Pollo et al., this issue). The resulting clustering properties indicate that AKARI All-Sky galaxies are essentially a star-forming population of nearby galaxies. Because most of the dust in galaxies ...
... All-Sky Far-Infrared Survey, was used to measure the angular and spatial clustering of such galaxies (Pollo et al., this issue). The resulting clustering properties indicate that AKARI All-Sky galaxies are essentially a star-forming population of nearby galaxies. Because most of the dust in galaxies ...
Texas Tech University Department of... Lectures: 3.00-3.50 pm MWF, Mathematics 00012. You will need to...
... comes to my office with a thumbdrive. You should come to my office about once a week to get the latest lectures. However these are not a substitute for you skipping the lecture or not taking your own notes! They are to assist you in studying the course. Calculator: A calculator is required for this ...
... comes to my office with a thumbdrive. You should come to my office about once a week to get the latest lectures. However these are not a substitute for you skipping the lecture or not taking your own notes! They are to assist you in studying the course. Calculator: A calculator is required for this ...
transparencies
... What shapes the cosmos? – Old answer: the mass it contains, through gravity But we now know – There is much more mass than we’d expect from the stars we see, or from the amount of helium formed in the early universe • Dark matter – The velocity of distant galaxies shows there is some kind of energy ...
... What shapes the cosmos? – Old answer: the mass it contains, through gravity But we now know – There is much more mass than we’d expect from the stars we see, or from the amount of helium formed in the early universe • Dark matter – The velocity of distant galaxies shows there is some kind of energy ...
Chapter 25 Galaxies and Dark Matter
... Galaxy clusters join in larger groupings, called superclusters. This is a 3-D map of the Local Supercluster, of which our Local Group is a part. It contains tens of thousands of galaxies. ...
... Galaxy clusters join in larger groupings, called superclusters. This is a 3-D map of the Local Supercluster, of which our Local Group is a part. It contains tens of thousands of galaxies. ...
8) consequence of the new theory about the
... having no or just one electron pair, cannot collapse from the inside to black hole atoms and be absorbed in a black hole.) In the next period all existing, still to form and already burned up stars are eventually absorbed in the central black hole (CBH) in all galaxies. This central black hole is al ...
... having no or just one electron pair, cannot collapse from the inside to black hole atoms and be absorbed in a black hole.) In the next period all existing, still to form and already burned up stars are eventually absorbed in the central black hole (CBH) in all galaxies. This central black hole is al ...
01.1PART I_Ch1.fm - The Thunderbolts Project
... For centuries astronomers assumed that gravity is the only force that can give birth to stars and planets or can direct the motions of celestial bodies. They assumed that all bodies in the universe are electrically neutral, comprised of equal numbers of negative and positive particles. With this ass ...
... For centuries astronomers assumed that gravity is the only force that can give birth to stars and planets or can direct the motions of celestial bodies. They assumed that all bodies in the universe are electrically neutral, comprised of equal numbers of negative and positive particles. With this ass ...
Gravitational Lensing: An Unique Probe of Dark Matter and Dark...
... seemingly neglected at the time (Zwicky 1937), he opines that galaxies and galaxy clusters would be far more useful lenses and, with great vision, imagines that lensing via such systems would enable detailed studies of otherwise too faint distant systems as well as providing constraints on the total ...
... seemingly neglected at the time (Zwicky 1937), he opines that galaxies and galaxy clusters would be far more useful lenses and, with great vision, imagines that lensing via such systems would enable detailed studies of otherwise too faint distant systems as well as providing constraints on the total ...
Parallel Universes - MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space
... successful explanation of most of the history of our universe. It had explained how a primordial fireball expanded and cooled, synthesized Helium and other light elements during the first few minutes, became transparent after 400,000 years releasing the cosmic microwave background radiation, and gra ...
... successful explanation of most of the history of our universe. It had explained how a primordial fireball expanded and cooled, synthesized Helium and other light elements during the first few minutes, became transparent after 400,000 years releasing the cosmic microwave background radiation, and gra ...
Parallel Universes
... successful explanation of most of the history of our universe. It had explained how a primordial fireball expanded and cooled, synthesized Helium and other light elements during the first few minutes, became transparent after 400,000 years releasing the cosmic microwave background radiation, and gra ...
... successful explanation of most of the history of our universe. It had explained how a primordial fireball expanded and cooled, synthesized Helium and other light elements during the first few minutes, became transparent after 400,000 years releasing the cosmic microwave background radiation, and gra ...
The Origin of Life from Primordial Planets
... Observations support a big bang event (Peebles et al. 2009), where spectral lines of distant objects are red shifted by a stretching of space in an expanding universe according to Einstein’s equations of general relativity (Peacock 2000). General agreement exists (Weinberg 2008) that the big bang ev ...
... Observations support a big bang event (Peebles et al. 2009), where spectral lines of distant objects are red shifted by a stretching of space in an expanding universe according to Einstein’s equations of general relativity (Peacock 2000). General agreement exists (Weinberg 2008) that the big bang ev ...
REVIEWS The formation of the first stars and galaxies Volker Bromm
... first sources of light and chemical elements beyond the primordial hydrogen and helium produced in the Big Bang. The interplay of theory and upcoming observations promises to answer the key open questions in this emerging field. he formation of the first stars and galaxies at the end of the cosmic ‘ ...
... first sources of light and chemical elements beyond the primordial hydrogen and helium produced in the Big Bang. The interplay of theory and upcoming observations promises to answer the key open questions in this emerging field. he formation of the first stars and galaxies at the end of the cosmic ‘ ...
Orbiting Light.latex - for blackholeformulas.com
... enough mass. The mass which light orbits is a black hole. We know that gravity deflects light from numerous cases of gravitational lensing so it is not too big a step to see that a deflection of light with one mass could become an orbit of light with the much greater mass of the Cosmos. This simple ...
... enough mass. The mass which light orbits is a black hole. We know that gravity deflects light from numerous cases of gravitational lensing so it is not too big a step to see that a deflection of light with one mass could become an orbit of light with the much greater mass of the Cosmos. This simple ...
The skewness and kurtosis of the projected density distribution
... selection function F (r), in the case of galaxy clustering, or the efficiency function in the case of weak lensing, as described in Section §2. As the simulation is done in a periodic box, we replicate the box to cover the total radial extent of the APM (over 1800h−1Mpc). The main difference with GB ...
... selection function F (r), in the case of galaxy clustering, or the efficiency function in the case of weak lensing, as described in Section §2. As the simulation is done in a periodic box, we replicate the box to cover the total radial extent of the APM (over 1800h−1Mpc). The main difference with GB ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... capabilities to find very distant, and thus very dim, objects and to examine them in detail have improved immensely thanks to the capability of these large optical telescopes. A second example is the technical evolution and size of optical detectors. Since the introduction of CCDs (charge-coupled de ...
... capabilities to find very distant, and thus very dim, objects and to examine them in detail have improved immensely thanks to the capability of these large optical telescopes. A second example is the technical evolution and size of optical detectors. Since the introduction of CCDs (charge-coupled de ...
X-ray Observations of Cosmic Accelerators Greg Madejski SLAC/KIPAC
... (fragmentation of the accretion disk plasma) -> Flares come from dissipation of gravitational energy What is the origin of the hot plasma? Observed X-ray spectra (up to at least 100 keV) indicate that accretion disks must be sites of vigorous particle acceleration - Most likely associated with “plas ...
... (fragmentation of the accretion disk plasma) -> Flares come from dissipation of gravitational energy What is the origin of the hot plasma? Observed X-ray spectra (up to at least 100 keV) indicate that accretion disks must be sites of vigorous particle acceleration - Most likely associated with “plas ...
Cosmological Constraints from Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations
... Cosmological Constraints from Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations Carlton Baugh Institute for Computational Cosmology Durham University Unity of the Universe Portsmouth 30th June 2009 ...
... Cosmological Constraints from Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations Carlton Baugh Institute for Computational Cosmology Durham University Unity of the Universe Portsmouth 30th June 2009 ...
Document
... • The fundamental symmetries of the Standard Model provide a successful basis for explaining the microphysics of the present universe, but additional symmetries are needed to address important questions about earlier times Origin of matter, unification, size of the Fermi ...
... • The fundamental symmetries of the Standard Model provide a successful basis for explaining the microphysics of the present universe, but additional symmetries are needed to address important questions about earlier times Origin of matter, unification, size of the Fermi ...
Reprint
... A-species lines was relatively straightforward. Constants derived from their E-species data, however, were unable to predict the frequencies of other E-species lines either to lower or to higher frequency. Calculations were attempted with an internal-axis method (Hartwig & Dreizler 1996), but this t ...
... A-species lines was relatively straightforward. Constants derived from their E-species data, however, were unable to predict the frequencies of other E-species lines either to lower or to higher frequency. Calculations were attempted with an internal-axis method (Hartwig & Dreizler 1996), but this t ...
Future stability of homogeneous cosmological models with matter
... of the inhomogeneities? [peculiar velocities, (multi scale) averaging, coarse-graining, voids etc.] Warm-up for the other direction, where Λ is probably irrelevant Mathematically more difficult, since no exponential behavior The constant hides possibly interesting structure In general isotropization ...
... of the inhomogeneities? [peculiar velocities, (multi scale) averaging, coarse-graining, voids etc.] Warm-up for the other direction, where Λ is probably irrelevant Mathematically more difficult, since no exponential behavior The constant hides possibly interesting structure In general isotropization ...
Slide 1
... • One of our favorite reasons is to look at the atomic hydrogen clouds in the Milky Way. • The clouds lay very far out from the galactic center (further out than our sun) and are rotating faster than they should be if they were just feeling the gravity of the mass we can “see” Big Bang, Black Early ...
... • One of our favorite reasons is to look at the atomic hydrogen clouds in the Milky Way. • The clouds lay very far out from the galactic center (further out than our sun) and are rotating faster than they should be if they were just feeling the gravity of the mass we can “see” Big Bang, Black Early ...
"Seeing" Dark Matter
... the theory of nucleosynthesis—the original production of atomic nuclei—in the Big Bang. According to this theory, the Big Bang initially created all ordinary matter in the form of hydrogen. For a brief period—only a few minutes long—while the universe was still small, the density of matter was high ...
... the theory of nucleosynthesis—the original production of atomic nuclei—in the Big Bang. According to this theory, the Big Bang initially created all ordinary matter in the form of hydrogen. For a brief period—only a few minutes long—while the universe was still small, the density of matter was high ...
Cosmic microwave background
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the thermal radiation left over from the time of recombination in Big Bang cosmology. In older literature, the CMB is also variously known as cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) or ""relic radiation."" The CMB is a cosmic background radiation that is fundamental to observational cosmology because it is the oldest light in the universe, dating to the epoch of recombination. With a traditional optical telescope, the space between stars and galaxies (the background) is completely dark. However, a sufficiently sensitive radio telescope shows a faint background glow, almost exactly the same in all directions, that is not associated with any star, galaxy, or other object. This glow is strongest in the microwave region of the radio spectrum. The accidental discovery of CMB in 1964 by American radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson was the culmination of work initiated in the 1940s, and earned the discoverers the 1978 Nobel Prize.The CMB is a snapshot of the oldest light in our Universe, imprinted on the sky when the Universe was just 380,000 years old. It shows tiny temperature fluctuations that correspond to regions of slightly different densities, representing the seeds of all future structure: the stars and galaxies of today.The CMB is well explained as radiation left over from an early stage in the development of the universe, and its discovery is considered a landmark test of the Big Bang model of the universe. When the universe was young, before the formation of stars and planets, it was denser, much hotter, and filled with a uniform glow from a white-hot fog of hydrogen plasma. As the universe expanded, both the plasma and the radiation filling it grew cooler. When the universe cooled enough, protons and electrons combined to form neutral atoms. These atoms could no longer absorb the thermal radiation, and so the universe became transparent instead of being an opaque fog. Cosmologists refer to the time period when neutral atoms first formed as the recombination epoch, and the event shortly afterwards when photons started to travel freely through space rather than constantly being scattered by electrons and protons in plasma is referred to as photon decoupling. The photons that existed at the time of photon decoupling have been propagating ever since, though growing fainter and less energetic, since the expansion of space causes their wavelength to increase over time (and wavelength is inversely proportional to energy according to Planck's relation). This is the source of the alternative term relic radiation. The surface of last scattering refers to the set of points in space at the right distance from us so that we are now receiving photons originally emitted from those points at the time of photon decoupling.Precise measurements of the CMB are critical to cosmology, since any proposed model of the universe must explain this radiation. The CMB has a thermal black body spectrum at a temperature of 7000272548000000000♠2.72548±0.00057 K. The spectral radiance dEν/dν peaks at 160.2 GHz, in the microwave range of frequencies. (Alternatively if spectral radiance is defined as dEλ/dλ then the peak wavelength is 1.063 mm.) The glow is very nearly uniform in all directions, but the tiny residual variations show a very specific pattern, the same as that expected of a fairly uniformly distributed hot gas that has expanded to the current size of the universe. In particular, the spectral radiance at different angles of observation in the sky contains small anisotropies, or irregularities, which vary with the size of the region examined. They have been measured in detail, and match what would be expected if small thermal variations, generated by quantum fluctuations of matter in a very tiny space, had expanded to the size of the observable universe we see today. This is a very active field of study, with scientists seeking both better data (for example, the Planck spacecraft) and better interpretations of the initial conditions of expansion. Although many different processes might produce the general form of a black body spectrum, no model other than the Big Bang has yet explained the fluctuations. As a result, most cosmologists consider the Big Bang model of the universe to be the best explanation for the CMB.The high degree of uniformity throughout the observable universe and its faint but measured anisotropy lend strong support for the Big Bang model in general and the ΛCDM (""Lambda Cold Dark Matter"") model in particular. Moreover, the fluctuations are coherent on angular scales that are larger than the apparent cosmological horizon at recombination. Either such coherence is acausally fine-tuned, or cosmic inflation occurred.