Evaluation of the effects of premedication on gastroduodenoscopy in
... Eight purpose-bred adult female cats aged 1 to 10 years (median age, 6.5 years) and weighing 2.6 to 4.5 kg (5.7 to 9.9 lb; median weight, 3.3 kg [7.3 lb]) were used. Seven cats had been infected with Helicobacter pylori during a previous study; however, none of these cats had clinical signs attribut ...
... Eight purpose-bred adult female cats aged 1 to 10 years (median age, 6.5 years) and weighing 2.6 to 4.5 kg (5.7 to 9.9 lb; median weight, 3.3 kg [7.3 lb]) were used. Seven cats had been infected with Helicobacter pylori during a previous study; however, none of these cats had clinical signs attribut ...
The effect of Intravenous Ketamine during Cardiopulmonary Bypass
... sternotomy and the same dose before pumping) and control group (the same volume of normal saline at the same interval). After the end of surgery, agitation signs were assessed by every 2 hours until 8h and then every 8 hours until 3 days. Results: Incidence of agitation on 2nd and 3rd days after ope ...
... sternotomy and the same dose before pumping) and control group (the same volume of normal saline at the same interval). After the end of surgery, agitation signs were assessed by every 2 hours until 8h and then every 8 hours until 3 days. Results: Incidence of agitation on 2nd and 3rd days after ope ...
Dexmedetomidine, the ideal drug for attenuating the pressor response
... after induction which was statistically highly significant (p=0.000). The increase in MBP in group C was statistically highly significant at 1 min and 3, 5 and 10 minutes after intubation (p=0.000) compared to group C. Table 1. Showing the dose of thiopentone required ...
... after induction which was statistically highly significant (p=0.000). The increase in MBP in group C was statistically highly significant at 1 min and 3, 5 and 10 minutes after intubation (p=0.000) compared to group C. Table 1. Showing the dose of thiopentone required ...
Lidocaine HCI 2% and Epinephrine 1:50,000 Injection Lidocaine
... Many drugs used during the conduct of anesthesia are considered potential triggering agents for familial malignant hyperthermia. Since it is not known whether amide-type local anesthetics may trigger this reaction, and since the need for supplemental general anesthesia cannot be predicted in advance ...
... Many drugs used during the conduct of anesthesia are considered potential triggering agents for familial malignant hyperthermia. Since it is not known whether amide-type local anesthetics may trigger this reaction, and since the need for supplemental general anesthesia cannot be predicted in advance ...
Nitrous oxide Medicinal SOL, 100%v/v, medicinal gas, liquefied
... (intended for breathing in). The active substance is nitrous oxide, otherwise known as “laughing gas”. It belongs to the group of general anaesthetics (narcotic agents) and is administered by a doctor. Nitrous oxide Medicinal SOL is used for short-term pain relief but also as a component in anaesthe ...
... (intended for breathing in). The active substance is nitrous oxide, otherwise known as “laughing gas”. It belongs to the group of general anaesthetics (narcotic agents) and is administered by a doctor. Nitrous oxide Medicinal SOL is used for short-term pain relief but also as a component in anaesthe ...
Controversies in Procedural Sedation and Induction in ER
... Green – “Propofol not ready for prime time 1999” Green– Propofol ready for prime time 2003 – three* studies later ...
... Green – “Propofol not ready for prime time 1999” Green– Propofol ready for prime time 2003 – three* studies later ...
Nitrous oxide - Frank`s Hospital Workshop
... polybutadiene fuel has been used by SpaceShipOne and others. It is also notably used in amateur and high power rocketry with various plastics as the fuel. Nitrous oxide can also be used in a monopropellant rocket. In the presence of a heated catalyst, N2O will decompose exothermically into nitrogen ...
... polybutadiene fuel has been used by SpaceShipOne and others. It is also notably used in amateur and high power rocketry with various plastics as the fuel. Nitrous oxide can also be used in a monopropellant rocket. In the presence of a heated catalyst, N2O will decompose exothermically into nitrogen ...
PDF
... basically disappeared from general use. To put it bluntly, if a drug can cause a long-acting nerve block effect, it most likely can also cause long-acting unwanted side effects. Furthermore, even doubling the effective time of any short-acting local anesthetic agent by any means, no matter how safe, ...
... basically disappeared from general use. To put it bluntly, if a drug can cause a long-acting nerve block effect, it most likely can also cause long-acting unwanted side effects. Furthermore, even doubling the effective time of any short-acting local anesthetic agent by any means, no matter how safe, ...
Comparison of general and spinal anaesthesia in patients
... greater affinity for opioid receptors than fentanyl or morphine. When compared with fentanyl, sufentanil has a smaller volume of distribution and shorter elimination half-lif and is 7–10 times more potent than fentanyl and 100 times more potent than morphine (13). In our study we decided to administ ...
... greater affinity for opioid receptors than fentanyl or morphine. When compared with fentanyl, sufentanil has a smaller volume of distribution and shorter elimination half-lif and is 7–10 times more potent than fentanyl and 100 times more potent than morphine (13). In our study we decided to administ ...
Lethal Injection for Execution: Chemical Asphyxiation?
... 1.5 g of thiopental, 80 mEq of potassium chloride, 40 mg of pancuronium bromide, 80 mEq of potassium chloride, and finally 1.5 g of thiopental (n ¼ 21) [1,12]. After criticism from expert witnesses [13], in 2004 the injection order was changed to the current protocol of serial injections of 3 g of th ...
... 1.5 g of thiopental, 80 mEq of potassium chloride, 40 mg of pancuronium bromide, 80 mEq of potassium chloride, and finally 1.5 g of thiopental (n ¼ 21) [1,12]. After criticism from expert witnesses [13], in 2004 the injection order was changed to the current protocol of serial injections of 3 g of th ...
Opioid Antagonists Under Heavy Sedation or General Anesthesia as
... reported 3 serious AEs, all of which occurred in the anesthesia group. There were no pooled analyses of the results of studies that evaluated the efficacy of differing opioid antagonist withdrawal regimens. One meta-analysis of safety data from 2 studies (total N=572) found a statistically significa ...
... reported 3 serious AEs, all of which occurred in the anesthesia group. There were no pooled analyses of the results of studies that evaluated the efficacy of differing opioid antagonist withdrawal regimens. One meta-analysis of safety data from 2 studies (total N=572) found a statistically significa ...
pain, nociception and analgesia in reptiles when
... Reptile and Amphibian Veterinarians, 98% of the respondents indicated their belief that reptiles do feel pain. However, only 39% of respondents in this survey reported using analgesics in > 50% of their patients subjected to surgical interventions. The reasons for failure to use analgesics were not ...
... Reptile and Amphibian Veterinarians, 98% of the respondents indicated their belief that reptiles do feel pain. However, only 39% of respondents in this survey reported using analgesics in > 50% of their patients subjected to surgical interventions. The reasons for failure to use analgesics were not ...
Chapter 9
... - the poppy only as 10 days to manufacture opium Morphine - Frederich Serturner, a German chemist synthesized morphine from opium in 1803 - he called it ‘morphium,’ named for Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams ...
... - the poppy only as 10 days to manufacture opium Morphine - Frederich Serturner, a German chemist synthesized morphine from opium in 1803 - he called it ‘morphium,’ named for Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams ...
Morphine Sulfate USP Powder
... MORPHINE is a phenanthrene-derivative opiate alkaloid. It is the principal alkaloid of crude opium, which is a resinous prep of the opium poppy, Papaver Somniferum. It is present in opium at approximately 10%. Morphine Sulfate is the principal salt of morphine and a world-wide standard for pain trea ...
... MORPHINE is a phenanthrene-derivative opiate alkaloid. It is the principal alkaloid of crude opium, which is a resinous prep of the opium poppy, Papaver Somniferum. It is present in opium at approximately 10%. Morphine Sulfate is the principal salt of morphine and a world-wide standard for pain trea ...
The antagonism of nondepolarizing neuromuscular
... In this article, the author reviews the curariform group of drugs, anticholinesterases, and anticholinergics, evaluating the antagonism of the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade. The return of normal neuromuscular function, following paralysis with one of the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocke ...
... In this article, the author reviews the curariform group of drugs, anticholinesterases, and anticholinergics, evaluating the antagonism of the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade. The return of normal neuromuscular function, following paralysis with one of the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocke ...
06_chapter_3
... Sevoflurane is a methyl propyl ether which was first synthesized in 1968 and reported in 1971. The initial development was slow because of some apparent toxic effects, which were later found to be caused by flawed experimental design. After its first use in volunteers in 1981, further work was delay ...
... Sevoflurane is a methyl propyl ether which was first synthesized in 1968 and reported in 1971. The initial development was slow because of some apparent toxic effects, which were later found to be caused by flawed experimental design. After its first use in volunteers in 1981, further work was delay ...
Analgesia - Online CPD Courses for Veterinary Nurses
... has happened. This is the idea behind pre-emptive analgesia. Pre-emptive analgesia is easy for patients undergoing elective surgery but may not be possible in all patients, as some will have arrived already experiencing pain. Even so, giving analgesics before surgery or potentially painful diagnosti ...
... has happened. This is the idea behind pre-emptive analgesia. Pre-emptive analgesia is easy for patients undergoing elective surgery but may not be possible in all patients, as some will have arrived already experiencing pain. Even so, giving analgesics before surgery or potentially painful diagnosti ...
Rapid Sequence Intubation
... Rapid Sequence Intubation Delon F.P. Brennen, MD MPH Pediatric Emergency Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine ...
... Rapid Sequence Intubation Delon F.P. Brennen, MD MPH Pediatric Emergency Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine ...
Chemical Restraint of African Lions (Panthera leo) with
... however, the hypothermic effect of medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia was not rapidly recovered by the atipamezole injection. These results were different from those of Verstegen and others [14] which showed that the hypothermic effect of medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia disappeared rapidly following ...
... however, the hypothermic effect of medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia was not rapidly recovered by the atipamezole injection. These results were different from those of Verstegen and others [14] which showed that the hypothermic effect of medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia disappeared rapidly following ...
Neuromuscular Blockade in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)
... Jones, RK., et al. Anesthesiology 2008;109:816-24 ...
... Jones, RK., et al. Anesthesiology 2008;109:816-24 ...
Inhibition of N-Nitrosodimethylamine Metabolism
... controls, an 11-fold effect on phenytoin metabolism (18) and a 1.5-fold inhibition of hexobarbital elimination (20). After only 2 min of ether exposure we observed nearly complete inhibition of NDMA disappearance during the first 2 h and an apparent 9-fold suppression of clearance over the 5 h of th ...
... controls, an 11-fold effect on phenytoin metabolism (18) and a 1.5-fold inhibition of hexobarbital elimination (20). After only 2 min of ether exposure we observed nearly complete inhibition of NDMA disappearance during the first 2 h and an apparent 9-fold suppression of clearance over the 5 h of th ...
Legal opium produetion in Afghanistan
... for almost 90 per cent. In 1994 the estimated area under opium cultivation was 71 000 hectares. Ten years later it had increased to 131 000 hectares. The most recent opium survey for Afghanistan, published by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in November 2005 indicates a decrease ...
... for almost 90 per cent. In 1994 the estimated area under opium cultivation was 71 000 hectares. Ten years later it had increased to 131 000 hectares. The most recent opium survey for Afghanistan, published by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in November 2005 indicates a decrease ...
Neuroleptics
... Power of narcosis action of ftorothan is higher than of ether, it has a large width of narcotic action, doesn’t irritate mucous membranes of breath tracts, doesn’t cause laryngeal and bronchial spasm, speed of development of narcosis – 3-5 min., after narcosis depression is not ...
... Power of narcosis action of ftorothan is higher than of ether, it has a large width of narcotic action, doesn’t irritate mucous membranes of breath tracts, doesn’t cause laryngeal and bronchial spasm, speed of development of narcosis – 3-5 min., after narcosis depression is not ...
Does Low Dose Lidocaine Cause Convulsions?
... 1 mg kg-1 of propofol was infused through the peripheral venous line, spasms slowed down and the seizure was terminated. ECG signals could not be obtained during the seizure, SpO2 decreased to 85%, but increased after oxygen was administered to the patient through an oxygen mask after propofol admin ...
... 1 mg kg-1 of propofol was infused through the peripheral venous line, spasms slowed down and the seizure was terminated. ECG signals could not be obtained during the seizure, SpO2 decreased to 85%, but increased after oxygen was administered to the patient through an oxygen mask after propofol admin ...
History of general anesthesia
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Attempts at producing a state of general anesthesia can be traced throughout recorded history in the writings of the ancient Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Indians, and Chinese. During the Middle Ages, which correspond roughly to what is sometimes referred to as the Islamic Golden Age, scientists and other scholars made significant advances in science and medicine in the Muslim world and Eastern world, while their European counterparts also made important advances.The Renaissance saw significant advances in anatomy and surgical technique. However, despite all this progress, surgery remained a treatment of last resort. Largely because of the associated pain, many patients with surgical disorders chose certain death rather than undergo surgery. Although there has been a great deal of debate as to who deserves the most credit for the discovery of general anesthesia, it is generally agreed that certain scientific discoveries in the late 18th and early 19th centuries were critical to the eventual introduction and development of modern anesthetic techniques.Two ""quantum leaps"" occurred in the late 19th century, which together allowed the transition to modern surgery. An appreciation of the germ theory of disease led rapidly to the development and application of antiseptic techniques in surgery. Antisepsis, which soon gave way to asepsis, reduced the overall morbidity and mortality of surgery to a far more acceptable rate than in previous eras. Concurrent with these developments were the significant advances in pharmacology and physiology which led to the development of general anesthesia and the control of pain.In the 20th century, the safety and efficacy of general anesthesia was improved by the routine use of tracheal intubation and other advanced airway management techniques. Significant advances in monitoring and new anesthetic agents with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics also contributed to this trend. Finally, standardized training programs for anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists emerged during this period. And, of course, the increased application of economic and business administration principles to health care in the late 20th and early 21st centuries inevitably led to the introduction of management practices such as transfer pricing to improve the efficiency of anesthetists.