Reprint
... In the early years of the twentieth century, the Danish biologist Wilhelm Johannsen laid the conceptual foundations of modern genetics and evolutionary biology by differentiating the phenotype—the traits expressed by an organism—from the genotype—the “sequestered” library of hereditary information t ...
... In the early years of the twentieth century, the Danish biologist Wilhelm Johannsen laid the conceptual foundations of modern genetics and evolutionary biology by differentiating the phenotype—the traits expressed by an organism—from the genotype—the “sequestered” library of hereditary information t ...
Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Toxoplasma Gondii by PCR
... caused by the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The infection is usually asymptomatic and harmless in immunocompetent patients, but can be life-threatening or responsible for severe sequelae in immunocompromised individuals, such as fetuses, HIV-positive, and transplant patients. In ...
... caused by the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The infection is usually asymptomatic and harmless in immunocompetent patients, but can be life-threatening or responsible for severe sequelae in immunocompromised individuals, such as fetuses, HIV-positive, and transplant patients. In ...
Genetic Mapping of a Major Resistance Gene to Pea Aphid
... includes one of the following conserved motifs: Nucleotide binding site, leucine-rich repeat (NLRs) or serine/threonine protein kinase domains. This would imply that basic modes of recognition and subsequent signalling pathways that trigger the defence response have been retained through plant evolu ...
... includes one of the following conserved motifs: Nucleotide binding site, leucine-rich repeat (NLRs) or serine/threonine protein kinase domains. This would imply that basic modes of recognition and subsequent signalling pathways that trigger the defence response have been retained through plant evolu ...
Calcitonin
... Secretory vesicles will then fuse with a cells plasma membrane and calcitonin will be stored in the cytoplasm till use. Chromogranin B may act as a helper protein to aid with trans‐golgi sorting during biosynthesis (Masi, Brandi 2). Please see figure three bellow for a description of Calcitonin’ ...
... Secretory vesicles will then fuse with a cells plasma membrane and calcitonin will be stored in the cytoplasm till use. Chromogranin B may act as a helper protein to aid with trans‐golgi sorting during biosynthesis (Masi, Brandi 2). Please see figure three bellow for a description of Calcitonin’ ...
Wisconsin`s White Deer: Separating Science and Myth by MaLenna
... The term "piebald," as used for most animals, refers to a "pinto-like" color. In Wisconsin game regulations, however, piebald is defined as "...a deer that has some brown hair, even if only a small patch, on any part of the body that is not part of the head, hooves, or tarsal glands..." (DNR Bureau ...
... The term "piebald," as used for most animals, refers to a "pinto-like" color. In Wisconsin game regulations, however, piebald is defined as "...a deer that has some brown hair, even if only a small patch, on any part of the body that is not part of the head, hooves, or tarsal glands..." (DNR Bureau ...
Read here - Protect the White Deer
... Are white and albino deer "social outcasts" because of their color? Long-time observers of white deer all make the same comment: The white deer are in no way recognized as different or ostracized by their brown herdmates. White and brown deer not only live together just fine, the white deer often do ...
... Are white and albino deer "social outcasts" because of their color? Long-time observers of white deer all make the same comment: The white deer are in no way recognized as different or ostracized by their brown herdmates. White and brown deer not only live together just fine, the white deer often do ...
Core tip: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
... The clinical characteristics such as age, waist circumference, BMI, triglyceride and ALT levels of the groups are as presented in Table 2. Categorization of the study population yielded two groups based on ultrasonographic detection of hepatic steatosis in the liver viz., NAFLD (n = 156) and control ...
... The clinical characteristics such as age, waist circumference, BMI, triglyceride and ALT levels of the groups are as presented in Table 2. Categorization of the study population yielded two groups based on ultrasonographic detection of hepatic steatosis in the liver viz., NAFLD (n = 156) and control ...
VCS: Tool for Visualizing Copy Number Variation and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
... values for different research purposes. In addition, user can draw a Manhattan plot which easily can define appropriate significance value, and can perform the comparison among samples selected in this menu. The input file needs matrix format data with the information of physical location and the va ...
... values for different research purposes. In addition, user can draw a Manhattan plot which easily can define appropriate significance value, and can perform the comparison among samples selected in this menu. The input file needs matrix format data with the information of physical location and the va ...
Arsenite as an Electron Donor for Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
... of As(III)-dependent growth via anoxygenic photosynthesis and contained homologs of arxA, but displayed different phenotypes. Comparisons were made with three related species: Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii DSM 2111, Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii DSM 243T , and Halorhodospira halophila DSM 24 ...
... of As(III)-dependent growth via anoxygenic photosynthesis and contained homologs of arxA, but displayed different phenotypes. Comparisons were made with three related species: Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii DSM 2111, Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii DSM 243T , and Halorhodospira halophila DSM 24 ...
... Most often CD10+ ALL; frequent CNS involvement. Prognosis Is very poor (BMT is indicated); the breakpoint in Mbcr or in m-bcr (see below) does not seem to have impact on prognosis. Cytogenetics The chromosome anomaly t(9;22) disappears during remission, in contrast with BC-CML cases (CML in blast cr ...
Acute stress and hippocampal histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation, a
... binding of GR to GR-elements is highly tissue-specific (23), and although our data do not conclusively demonstrate that GR actively regulates Suv39h2 expression in the hippocampus, they do suggest that the changes in H3K9 methylation we have observed in the hippocampus may use a different mechanism t ...
... binding of GR to GR-elements is highly tissue-specific (23), and although our data do not conclusively demonstrate that GR actively regulates Suv39h2 expression in the hippocampus, they do suggest that the changes in H3K9 methylation we have observed in the hippocampus may use a different mechanism t ...
Experimental and Molecular Pathology
... due to an “inborn error of metabolism.” Two years later it was discovered that nu/nu mice lacked a thymus, resulting in an impaired defense against pathogenic organisms (Pantelouris, 1968) (Fig. 1). Lack of fur development and athymia are not related to each other, since thymus restoration does not ...
... due to an “inborn error of metabolism.” Two years later it was discovered that nu/nu mice lacked a thymus, resulting in an impaired defense against pathogenic organisms (Pantelouris, 1968) (Fig. 1). Lack of fur development and athymia are not related to each other, since thymus restoration does not ...
Genetic Test of Cytochrome P450 2C19
... response to specific drug therapy. A major cause of such interindividual variability is associated with variations in CYP2C19 gene encoding CYP2C19 enzyme. Prevalence of a specific genetic variant is dependent on racial and ethnic background. Over 25 variants have been identified for the CYP2C19 gen ...
... response to specific drug therapy. A major cause of such interindividual variability is associated with variations in CYP2C19 gene encoding CYP2C19 enzyme. Prevalence of a specific genetic variant is dependent on racial and ethnic background. Over 25 variants have been identified for the CYP2C19 gen ...
The zebrafish as a model for muscular dystrophy and congenital
... models the advantage of quickly producing high numbers of externally developing, diploid embryos, making large-scale random mutagenesis screens a feasible, almost routine, undertaking. It also conforms to the same fundamental body plan as humans, containing an equivalent to nearly every human organ, ...
... models the advantage of quickly producing high numbers of externally developing, diploid embryos, making large-scale random mutagenesis screens a feasible, almost routine, undertaking. It also conforms to the same fundamental body plan as humans, containing an equivalent to nearly every human organ, ...
Does evolution lead to maximizing behavior?
... the genetic level at a given locus. Hence, even in the one-locus case it is not a conclusion that natural selection results in individuals behaving as if they maximize their inclusive fitness (sensu Hamilton, 1964). One fundamental take-home message of the population-genetic assessment of optimizati ...
... the genetic level at a given locus. Hence, even in the one-locus case it is not a conclusion that natural selection results in individuals behaving as if they maximize their inclusive fitness (sensu Hamilton, 1964). One fundamental take-home message of the population-genetic assessment of optimizati ...
The Plastidic Phosphoglucomutase from
... “starchless” phenotype in Arabidopsis and N. sylvestris. The P. sativum PGM mutant, rug3, has a wrinkled seed phenotype with only 1% of the seed dry weight as starch, compared with 60% in the wild type (Harrison et al., 1998). The reduction on starch synthesis in rug3 is also accompanied by a signif ...
... “starchless” phenotype in Arabidopsis and N. sylvestris. The P. sativum PGM mutant, rug3, has a wrinkled seed phenotype with only 1% of the seed dry weight as starch, compared with 60% in the wild type (Harrison et al., 1998). The reduction on starch synthesis in rug3 is also accompanied by a signif ...
Telomere Shortening and Tumor Formation by Mouse Cells Lacking
... RNA-component is used as template → adding of repeating sequence (5‘-TTAGGG-3‘) is possible the DNA-Polymerase complements the lagging strand http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File: Working_principle_of_telomerase.png ...
... RNA-component is used as template → adding of repeating sequence (5‘-TTAGGG-3‘) is possible the DNA-Polymerase complements the lagging strand http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File: Working_principle_of_telomerase.png ...
Abnormal anaphase resolution - Journal of Cell Science
... (Lehner and O’Farrell, 1989) and string (Edgar and O’Farrell, 1989; Jimenez et al., 1990), is required to regulate the length of G2 phase within these newly cellularized embryonic cells (Edgar and O’Farrell, 1990), whereas zygotic expression of cyclin A is needed for subsequent cell division (Lehner ...
... (Lehner and O’Farrell, 1989) and string (Edgar and O’Farrell, 1989; Jimenez et al., 1990), is required to regulate the length of G2 phase within these newly cellularized embryonic cells (Edgar and O’Farrell, 1990), whereas zygotic expression of cyclin A is needed for subsequent cell division (Lehner ...
Package ‘GenomicFeatures’ October 14, 2014
... with the prefixes “GeneID” and “TxID” to ensure uniqueness across types. The exons and cds regions have NA for ID. The Parent column contains the IDs of the parent features. A feature may have multiple parents (the column is a CharacterList). Each exon belongs to one or more mRNAs, and mRNAs belong ...
... with the prefixes “GeneID” and “TxID” to ensure uniqueness across types. The exons and cds regions have NA for ID. The Parent column contains the IDs of the parent features. A feature may have multiple parents (the column is a CharacterList). Each exon belongs to one or more mRNAs, and mRNAs belong ...
Epigenetic Regulation ofbdnfGene Transcription in the
... hippocampal tissue, purified, and processed for bisulfite modification. For all our methylation-specific real-time PCR (MSP) data, we performed bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA an average of 5– 6 times. Bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA converts cytosine to uracil, but leaves methylated 5⬘-cytosi ...
... hippocampal tissue, purified, and processed for bisulfite modification. For all our methylation-specific real-time PCR (MSP) data, we performed bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA an average of 5– 6 times. Bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA converts cytosine to uracil, but leaves methylated 5⬘-cytosi ...
How Genes and Genomes Evolve
... • 2. All have a significant number of unusual bases made by altering normal base posttranscriptionally • 3. All have base sequences in one part of molecule that are complementary to those in other parts • 4. Thus, all fold in a similar way to form cloverleaf-like structure (in 2 dimensions) • 5. Ami ...
... • 2. All have a significant number of unusual bases made by altering normal base posttranscriptionally • 3. All have base sequences in one part of molecule that are complementary to those in other parts • 4. Thus, all fold in a similar way to form cloverleaf-like structure (in 2 dimensions) • 5. Ami ...
A defense-offense multi-layered regulatory switch in a pathogenic
... in response to quorum sensing signal. We identified and studied the structural characteristics and dynamic properties of the core regulatory circuit governing this switch by deterministic and stochastic computational methods, as well as experimentally. This module, termed here Double Selector Switch ...
... in response to quorum sensing signal. We identified and studied the structural characteristics and dynamic properties of the core regulatory circuit governing this switch by deterministic and stochastic computational methods, as well as experimentally. This module, termed here Double Selector Switch ...
Intervention, integration and translation in obesity research: Genetic
... (i.e., the differences between individuals) are considered by geneticists to be highly heritable, with as much as 70%-80% of weight variation attributed to genetic factors [3,15,16]. The only trait with higher heritability in humans is height. Most such highly heritable phenotypes, however, show sub ...
... (i.e., the differences between individuals) are considered by geneticists to be highly heritable, with as much as 70%-80% of weight variation attributed to genetic factors [3,15,16]. The only trait with higher heritability in humans is height. Most such highly heritable phenotypes, however, show sub ...
Genetic analysis of root-knot nematode resistance in potato
... Because most of the 2n-pollen is generated via FDR, and because the selection for 2n-pollen is less laborious than the selection for 2n-eggs, the recovery of the tetraploid level is preferred by means of 4x.2x crosses. Besides the direct gene transfer and more efficient breeding, the use of diploid ...
... Because most of the 2n-pollen is generated via FDR, and because the selection for 2n-pollen is less laborious than the selection for 2n-eggs, the recovery of the tetraploid level is preferred by means of 4x.2x crosses. Besides the direct gene transfer and more efficient breeding, the use of diploid ...
Evolution by Imitation Gabriel Tarde and the Limits of Memetics
... 1996: 22).8 Using yet another example, Daniel Dennett puts it more bluntly: “a scholar is just a library’s way of making another library”. Dennett continues, addressing his reader directly: I don’t know about you, but I’m not initially attracted by the idea of my brain as a sort of dung heap in whic ...
... 1996: 22).8 Using yet another example, Daniel Dennett puts it more bluntly: “a scholar is just a library’s way of making another library”. Dennett continues, addressing his reader directly: I don’t know about you, but I’m not initially attracted by the idea of my brain as a sort of dung heap in whic ...