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The Atmosphere: Structure and Temperature
The Atmosphere: Structure and Temperature

total internal reflection
total internal reflection

Optics - Mr. Gallagher's Physics
Optics - Mr. Gallagher's Physics

... • The reflected ray is the light ray that bounces off the mirror • Between the incident and reflected rays, there is an imaginary line called the normal line which is perpendicular to the surface of the mirror. • The angle between the incident ray and the normal line is called the angle of incidence ...
SNC2D Optics Review
SNC2D Optics Review

... Partial reflection and refraction occurs when an incidence ray strikes a new medium and some of the light rays are reflected and some of the light rays are refracted. Examples: light reflecting and refracting off of surface of the water, rear-view mirrors The amount of reflection depends on 1. The t ...
THE ATMOSPHERE
THE ATMOSPHERE

... plants/animals and volcanic eruptions Oxygen makes up 18% of the atmosphere and comes from plants Other gases such as methane, argon, and carbon dioxide make up the rest As we get closer to the earth the air becomes denser (heavy) as we rise through the layers of the atmosphere, the earth’s air b ...
ES SOL Review pg 1
ES SOL Review pg 1

... remain in the same place for days. Rain and varying temperatures are associated with it.  Occuluded: Cold air overruns warm air and forces the warm air between two areas of cooler air. This produces rain. ...
SOL Review 1
SOL Review 1

... remain in the same place for days. Rain and varying temperatures are associated with it.  Occuluded: Cold air overruns warm air and forces the warm air between two areas of cooler air. This produces rain. ...
Slide - Journal of Vision
Slide - Journal of Vision

... cosine of the angle between the rays of light from the punctate light source and the surface normal, n. A uniform diffuse light source contributes with a constant amount to the total intensity on the surface. Light absorbed by a Lambertian surface is reemitted uniformly in all directions; the intens ...
Reporting Category 3 Assessed Curriculum Vocabulary
Reporting Category 3 Assessed Curriculum Vocabulary

practice MSP questions MSP Science Review Questions
practice MSP questions MSP Science Review Questions

... 13. Why is a year 365 ¼ days? 14. When air heats up, it rises, creating an area of low pressure. If there is a nearby area of higher pressure, what will happen? 15. Give an example of one type of energy changing into another type. 16. What happens to red light when it hits a red apple? 17. What do a ...
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4.Bending Light PhET
4.Bending Light PhET

... 11. Click on “multiple rays.” On the picture below, draw how light travels through the convex lens. ...
Light: “God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.” I John
Light: “God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.” I John

reflection, refraction, lense and optical instruments
reflection, refraction, lense and optical instruments

... you expect on the basis of the equation above. C. Dispersion Use the prism to observe light dispersion. Wavelength has a small effect on the index of refraction and so different colors will bend at different angles. To see this get the light to reflect internally once before it leaves and have the b ...
124-07_Reflection_and_Refraction
124-07_Reflection_and_Refraction

... C. Dispersion Use the prism to observe light dispersion. Wavelength has a small effect on the index of refraction and so different colors will bend at different angles. To see this get the light to reflect internally once before it leaves and have the beam leave close to parallel to the ...
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... 2. elongation of the eyeball. HYPERMETROPIA : In this defect a person can see clearly only faraway objects but unable to see clearly the nearby objects. The cause of this defect is 1. increase of focal length of the eye lens 2. contraction of the eyeball. PRESBYOPIA: In this defect a person can not ...
CHAPTER 3: Light and Telescopes
CHAPTER 3: Light and Telescopes

LENSES and MIRRORS
LENSES and MIRRORS

... SIGHT, COLOR, LENSES, AND MIRRORS ...
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Introduction to Meteorology Homework #1 Answers 1. What is

... 33. Our seasons are regulated by how much solar energy is received at earth’s surface. This is determined by what two things? 1) The angle at which sunlight strikes the surface 2) How long the sun shines (daylight hours) 34. Why is direct sunlight (sun directly overhead) more intense than sunlight ...
Unit Test: Atmospheric Forces
Unit Test: Atmospheric Forces

Huygens` and Fermat`s Principles – Application to reflection
Huygens` and Fermat`s Principles – Application to reflection

... Geometric Optics As long as apertures are much larger than a wavelength of light (and thus wave fronts are much larger than λ) the light wave front propagates without distortion (or with a negligible amount) i.e. light travels in straight lines ...
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Atmospheric optics



Atmospheric optics deals with how the unique optical properties of the Earth's atmosphere cause a wide range of spectacular optical phenomena. The blue color of the sky is a direct result of Rayleigh scattering which redirects higher frequency (blue) sunlight back into the field of view of the observer. Because blue light is scattered more easily than red light, the sun takes on a reddish hue when it is observed through a thick atmosphere, as during a sunrise or sunset. Additional particulate matter in the sky can scatter different colors at different angles creating colorful glowing skies at dusk and dawn. Scattering off of ice crystals and other particles in the atmosphere are responsible for halos, afterglows, coronas, rays of sunlight, and sun dogs. The variation in these kinds of phenomena is due to different particle sizes and geometries.Mirages are optical phenomena in which light rays are bent due to thermal variations in the refraction index of air, producing displaced or heavily distorted images of distant objects. Other optical phenomena associated with this include the Novaya Zemlya effect where the sun appears to rise earlier or set later than predicted with a distorted shape. A spectacular form of refraction occurs with a temperature inversion called the Fata Morgana where objects on the horizon or even beyond the horizon, such as islands, cliffs, ships or icebergs, appear elongated and elevated, like ""fairy tale castles"".Rainbows are the result of a combination of internal reflection and dispersive refraction of light in raindrops. Because rainbows are seen on the opposite side of the sky as the sun, rainbows are more prominent the closer the sun is to the horizon due to their greater distance apart.
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