Reasons and Beliefs
... That is, although the intentional object, namely St. Petersburg, is the same in all three thoughts, it is represented in three different ways, thereby being associated with three different intentional contents. As for the claim concerning the need for objects in addition to intentional contents, th ...
... That is, although the intentional object, namely St. Petersburg, is the same in all three thoughts, it is represented in three different ways, thereby being associated with three different intentional contents. As for the claim concerning the need for objects in addition to intentional contents, th ...
First-Order Logic with Dependent Types
... the usual grammar for FOL formulas. Higher-order abstract syntax is used, i.e., λ is used to bind the free variables in a formula, and quantifiers are operators taking a λ expression as an argument.2 Quantifiers and the equality symbol take the sort they operate on as their first argument; we will o ...
... the usual grammar for FOL formulas. Higher-order abstract syntax is used, i.e., λ is used to bind the free variables in a formula, and quantifiers are operators taking a λ expression as an argument.2 Quantifiers and the equality symbol take the sort they operate on as their first argument; we will o ...
Quine on "Alternative Logics"
... no more toward an understanding of it . . . . We have settled a people’s logical laws completely, so fa r as the truth-functional part of logic goes, once we have fixed our translations by the above semantic criteria’’ (WO 58, 60). Quine further contends t ha t these semantic criteria alone, without ...
... no more toward an understanding of it . . . . We have settled a people’s logical laws completely, so fa r as the truth-functional part of logic goes, once we have fixed our translations by the above semantic criteria’’ (WO 58, 60). Quine further contends t ha t these semantic criteria alone, without ...
Lecture 25 (FM)
... Replace the term which is repeated odd number of times by a single occurrence of the term and any term which is repeated an even number of times by removing all occurrences. A is a knight ...
... Replace the term which is repeated odd number of times by a single occurrence of the term and any term which is repeated an even number of times by removing all occurrences. A is a knight ...
Mitrovic - Unitec Research Bank
... The central topic of Ankersmit’s book is the nature of historical narrative representations, their reference and truth. The problem, which has been widely debated by philosophers of history since the 1980s, goes like this.6 Historical narratives consist of statements, and these statements are true o ...
... The central topic of Ankersmit’s book is the nature of historical narrative representations, their reference and truth. The problem, which has been widely debated by philosophers of history since the 1980s, goes like this.6 Historical narratives consist of statements, and these statements are true o ...
Reducing Propositional Theories in Equilibrium Logic to
... As in some ASP systems the standard version of equilibrium logic has two kinds of negation, intuitionistic and strong negation. For simplicity we deal here with the restricted version containing just the first negation and based on the logic of hereand-there. So we do not consider here eg logic prog ...
... As in some ASP systems the standard version of equilibrium logic has two kinds of negation, intuitionistic and strong negation. For simplicity we deal here with the restricted version containing just the first negation and based on the logic of hereand-there. So we do not consider here eg logic prog ...
Set Theory - UVic Math
... By the definition of equality of sets, it does not matter how a set is described; what matters is which elements it contains. Any particular object either belongs to the collection or it doesn’t. All of {1, 2, 2, 3}, {1, 2, 3, 3} {3, 2, 3, 1} and {1, 2, 3} all describe the same set because they all ...
... By the definition of equality of sets, it does not matter how a set is described; what matters is which elements it contains. Any particular object either belongs to the collection or it doesn’t. All of {1, 2, 2, 3}, {1, 2, 3, 3} {3, 2, 3, 1} and {1, 2, 3} all describe the same set because they all ...
Intro to Logic - CSE-IITM
... Definition A proposition is a declarative statement that is either true or false but not both. Examples: 1. Today is a Thursday. 2. Chennai is the capital of India. 3. All students in CS1200 are from Tamil Nadu. 4. Do you like this course? not declarative 5. Bring me a glass of water. not declarativ ...
... Definition A proposition is a declarative statement that is either true or false but not both. Examples: 1. Today is a Thursday. 2. Chennai is the capital of India. 3. All students in CS1200 are from Tamil Nadu. 4. Do you like this course? not declarative 5. Bring me a glass of water. not declarativ ...
Identity and Harmony revisited ∗ Stephen Read University of St Andrews
... Is identity a logical operator? The rules for identity in a natural deduction setting are usually given in the form of Reflexivity and Congruence (see, e.g., [9] p. 77): a=b p Congr Refl a=a p(b/a) Here, p(b/a) denotes the result of replacing one or more occurrences of the term a in p by b. Refl wou ...
... Is identity a logical operator? The rules for identity in a natural deduction setting are usually given in the form of Reflexivity and Congruence (see, e.g., [9] p. 77): a=b p Congr Refl a=a p(b/a) Here, p(b/a) denotes the result of replacing one or more occurrences of the term a in p by b. Refl wou ...
Non-Classical Logic
... Together these results entail the equivalence of semantic the formula false, so it must be logically valid. and deductive validity. The same process can be used to show that a formula Proofs of these results with Priest’s tableaux method of isn’t logically valid if the process continues until the en ...
... Together these results entail the equivalence of semantic the formula false, so it must be logically valid. and deductive validity. The same process can be used to show that a formula Proofs of these results with Priest’s tableaux method of isn’t logically valid if the process continues until the en ...
Sets
... Standard Symbols which denote sets of numbers N : The set of all natural numbers (i.e.,all positive integers) Z : The set of all integers Z+ : The set of all positive integers Z* : The set of all nonzero integers E : The set of all even integers Q : The set of all rational numbers Q* ...
... Standard Symbols which denote sets of numbers N : The set of all natural numbers (i.e.,all positive integers) Z : The set of all integers Z+ : The set of all positive integers Z* : The set of all nonzero integers E : The set of all even integers Q : The set of all rational numbers Q* ...
