PT 311 NEUROSCIENCE
... These three divisions of the striatum receive inputs from different portions of the telencephalon that define the functional roles of each striatal division. In general terms, the striatum (and the circuits through the basal ganglia that begin here) regulates movement, with the three divisions of th ...
... These three divisions of the striatum receive inputs from different portions of the telencephalon that define the functional roles of each striatal division. In general terms, the striatum (and the circuits through the basal ganglia that begin here) regulates movement, with the three divisions of th ...
Perception, action, and word meanings in the human brain: the case
... literature showing that damage to left posterior lateral temporal lobe in the vicinity of MT/MST can lead to deficits in action categorization and action picture naming deficits.54,55 However, no motion vision deficits are reported in those patients, raising the possibility that their lesions do not ...
... literature showing that damage to left posterior lateral temporal lobe in the vicinity of MT/MST can lead to deficits in action categorization and action picture naming deficits.54,55 However, no motion vision deficits are reported in those patients, raising the possibility that their lesions do not ...
Perception, action, and word meanings in the human brain
... literature showing that damage to left posterior lateral temporal lobe in the vicinity of MT/MST can lead to deficits in action categorization and action picture naming deficits.54,55 However, no motion vision deficits are reported in those patients, raising the possibility that their lesions do not ...
... literature showing that damage to left posterior lateral temporal lobe in the vicinity of MT/MST can lead to deficits in action categorization and action picture naming deficits.54,55 However, no motion vision deficits are reported in those patients, raising the possibility that their lesions do not ...
Functional Properties of Parietal Visual Neurons: Mechanisms of
... of the animal at the time of study (Mountcastle et al., 1981); they also vary with the parameters of the stimuli used to establish them. We define the relations between the frequency of discharge of PVNs and stimulus speed and emphasize that, while PVNs are extremely sensitive to stimulus motion, th ...
... of the animal at the time of study (Mountcastle et al., 1981); they also vary with the parameters of the stimuli used to establish them. We define the relations between the frequency of discharge of PVNs and stimulus speed and emphasize that, while PVNs are extremely sensitive to stimulus motion, th ...
Functional Organization of the Cat Visual Cortex in Relation to the
... enabling visualization of the spatial arrangement of the orientation-preference map have revealed the presence of both linear zones, where orientation preference gradually changes, and singular points and fractures, where orientation preference rapidly changes (Blasdel 1992; Bonhoeffer and Grinvald ...
... enabling visualization of the spatial arrangement of the orientation-preference map have revealed the presence of both linear zones, where orientation preference gradually changes, and singular points and fractures, where orientation preference rapidly changes (Blasdel 1992; Bonhoeffer and Grinvald ...
Region Specific Micromodularity in the Uppermost Layers in Primate
... Preliminary screening with PV revealed a honeycomb configuration in several other areas in rat, as well as in several areas in cat and monkey (Ichinohe et al., 2003b). As a next step, it seemed important to assess more widely the specific features of this organization. We have accordingly carried ou ...
... Preliminary screening with PV revealed a honeycomb configuration in several other areas in rat, as well as in several areas in cat and monkey (Ichinohe et al., 2003b). As a next step, it seemed important to assess more widely the specific features of this organization. We have accordingly carried ou ...
The occipitoparietal pathway of the macaque monkey: comparison
... observations could be interpreted as supporting the anatomicalhierarchical model, the evidence is still inconclusive, mainly because comparisons have been made between areas belonging to the occipitoparietal and occipitotemporal pathways, which process different modalities of vision. For example, bo ...
... observations could be interpreted as supporting the anatomicalhierarchical model, the evidence is still inconclusive, mainly because comparisons have been made between areas belonging to the occipitoparietal and occipitotemporal pathways, which process different modalities of vision. For example, bo ...
Development of GAP-43 mRNA in the macaque cerebral cortex
... highest at E120 Ž8.4 " 1.0., though much lower than in areas FDD or TE. It decreased sharply until P1 Ž2.2 " 0.1., then gradually decreased until the adult stage Ž0.9 " 0.2. ...
... highest at E120 Ž8.4 " 1.0., though much lower than in areas FDD or TE. It decreased sharply until P1 Ž2.2 " 0.1., then gradually decreased until the adult stage Ž0.9 " 0.2. ...
Cortical Connectivity Suggests a Role in Limb
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...
Experimental Brain Research 221(1)
... midposterior intraparietal cortex and angular gyrus, compared to saccade and grasp. Second, we review the evidence for hemispheric lateralization (both for hand and visual hemifield) in these reach representations. Third, we review evidence for computational reach specificity in these regions and fi ...
... midposterior intraparietal cortex and angular gyrus, compared to saccade and grasp. Second, we review the evidence for hemispheric lateralization (both for hand and visual hemifield) in these reach representations. Third, we review evidence for computational reach specificity in these regions and fi ...
Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals
... by Ontario Council of Universities Libraries on 04/13/09. For personal use only. ...
... by Ontario Council of Universities Libraries on 04/13/09. For personal use only. ...
Where is a Nose with Respect to a Foot? The Left
... from a generalized impairment of spatial abilities. Moreover, they are able to identify the body parts that they cannot locate, suggesting that their deficit lies neither at the level of visual processing of isolated body parts, nor at the level of the semantic knowledge of the body. Recent accounts ...
... from a generalized impairment of spatial abilities. Moreover, they are able to identify the body parts that they cannot locate, suggesting that their deficit lies neither at the level of visual processing of isolated body parts, nor at the level of the semantic knowledge of the body. Recent accounts ...
Organization of the Macaque Extrastriate Visual Cortex Re
... visual cortex lend themselves to an analysis of topography. If information is distributed across cortex in a manner that optimizes cortical continuity, then the relative locations of areas on cortex provides a clue to their functional relationships. For example, areas MT and MST both emphasize motio ...
... visual cortex lend themselves to an analysis of topography. If information is distributed across cortex in a manner that optimizes cortical continuity, then the relative locations of areas on cortex provides a clue to their functional relationships. For example, areas MT and MST both emphasize motio ...
REVIEWS - Institute for Applied Psychometrics
... synapses. a | Shows an information-processing (IP) model of time perception8 implementing the scalar expectancy theory43. In the model, a dopaminergic pacemaker sends ‘pulses’ to an accumulator during the training period, and the number of pulses is stored in reference memory (which depends on the ‘ ...
... synapses. a | Shows an information-processing (IP) model of time perception8 implementing the scalar expectancy theory43. In the model, a dopaminergic pacemaker sends ‘pulses’ to an accumulator during the training period, and the number of pulses is stored in reference memory (which depends on the ‘ ...
Organization of the Macaque Extrastriate Visual Cortex Re
... visual cortex lend themselves to an analysis of topography. If information is distributed across cortex in a manner that optimizes cortical continuity, then the relative locations of areas on cortex provides a clue to their functional relationships. For example, areas MT and MST both emphasize motio ...
... visual cortex lend themselves to an analysis of topography. If information is distributed across cortex in a manner that optimizes cortical continuity, then the relative locations of areas on cortex provides a clue to their functional relationships. For example, areas MT and MST both emphasize motio ...
Visual Categorization and the Primate Prefrontal Cortex
... 500 ms of fixation, a sample image was presented at the center of the screen for 600 ms, followed by a 1,000-ms delay. Then a choice image appeared. If the sample and choice stimuli were from the same category (a category match), the monkeys were required to release the lever before the stimulus dis ...
... 500 ms of fixation, a sample image was presented at the center of the screen for 600 ms, followed by a 1,000-ms delay. Then a choice image appeared. If the sample and choice stimuli were from the same category (a category match), the monkeys were required to release the lever before the stimulus dis ...
General Cortical and Special Prefrontal Connections: Principles
... indicator of type for sensory and association cortices. Other architectonic parameters also help describe cortical types quantitatively (Dombrowski et al. 2001). As novel markers are introduced, investigators will be able to use several discriminant features of cortical type to assess with greater a ...
... indicator of type for sensory and association cortices. Other architectonic parameters also help describe cortical types quantitatively (Dombrowski et al. 2001). As novel markers are introduced, investigators will be able to use several discriminant features of cortical type to assess with greater a ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... The appearance of the neocortex, its expansion, and its differentiation in mammals, represents one of the principal episodes in the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of ...
... The appearance of the neocortex, its expansion, and its differentiation in mammals, represents one of the principal episodes in the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of ...
Representation in the Human Brain of Food Texture and Oral Fat
... NaHCO3 in distilled water) (de Araujo et al., 2003a). With respect to CMC, the term “apparent viscosity” is used to indicate that this compound does not behave rheologically as a Newtonian fluid, showing thinning behavior as shear forces increase (Verhagen et al., 2003), and that the viscosity measu ...
... NaHCO3 in distilled water) (de Araujo et al., 2003a). With respect to CMC, the term “apparent viscosity” is used to indicate that this compound does not behave rheologically as a Newtonian fluid, showing thinning behavior as shear forces increase (Verhagen et al., 2003), and that the viscosity measu ...
The dynamic spatio-temporal behavior of visual responses in
... The primary visual pathway consists of three substructures: retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, which is a part of the thalamus, and the visual cortex with its many different areas. All these structures are connected by afferent fibers and the hierarchical arrangement, which dominates the first leve ...
... The primary visual pathway consists of three substructures: retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, which is a part of the thalamus, and the visual cortex with its many different areas. All these structures are connected by afferent fibers and the hierarchical arrangement, which dominates the first leve ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
... from the amygdala, associated with emotional memory, and from medial temporal and thalamic structures associated with long-term memory. Prefrontal cortices are linked with motor control structures related to their specific roles in central executive functions. Caudal lateral prefrontal areas project ...
... from the amygdala, associated with emotional memory, and from medial temporal and thalamic structures associated with long-term memory. Prefrontal cortices are linked with motor control structures related to their specific roles in central executive functions. Caudal lateral prefrontal areas project ...
The multisensory roles for auditory cortex in primate vocal
... are delineated largely by their tonotopic organization and anatomical criteria. The reasons for why there are so many areas are not known, and how each of them, together or separately, relate to behavior is also somewhat of a mystery. That they must be involved in multiple auditory-related behaviors ...
... are delineated largely by their tonotopic organization and anatomical criteria. The reasons for why there are so many areas are not known, and how each of them, together or separately, relate to behavior is also somewhat of a mystery. That they must be involved in multiple auditory-related behaviors ...
Primary Motor Cortex
... *Primary Somatosensory Cortex • In the postcentral gyri • Receives sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints • Capable of spatial discrimination: identification of body region being stimulated ...
... *Primary Somatosensory Cortex • In the postcentral gyri • Receives sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints • Capable of spatial discrimination: identification of body region being stimulated ...
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... The LPFC across the two networks receives inputs from the auditory association cortex in the superior temporal gyrus. Topographical connections have been reported: the rostral part of area 46 and area 10 are preferentially interconnected with the rostral belt and parabelt auditory association cortex ...
... The LPFC across the two networks receives inputs from the auditory association cortex in the superior temporal gyrus. Topographical connections have been reported: the rostral part of area 46 and area 10 are preferentially interconnected with the rostral belt and parabelt auditory association cortex ...
Primary Motor Cortex
... Primary Somatosensory Cortex • In the postcentral gyri • Receives sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints • Capable of spatial discrimination: identification of body region being stimulated ...
... Primary Somatosensory Cortex • In the postcentral gyri • Receives sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints • Capable of spatial discrimination: identification of body region being stimulated ...
Inferior temporal gyrus
The inferior temporal gyrus is placed below the middle temporal gyrus, and is connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of complex object features, such as global shape. It may also be involved in face perception, and in the recognition of numbers.The inferior temporal gyrus is the anterior region of the temporal lobe located underneath the central temporal sulcus. The primary function of the inferior temporal gyrus - otherwise referenced as IT cortex - is associated with visual stimuli processing, namely visual object recognition, and has been suggested by recent experimental results as the final location of the ventral cortical visual system. The IT cortex in humans is also known as the Inferior Temporal Gyrus since it has been located to a specific region of the human temporal lobe. The IT processes visual stimuli of objects in our field of vision, and is involved with memory and memory recall to identify that object; it is involved with the processing and perception created by visual stimuli amplified in the V1, V2, V3, and V4 regions of the occipital lobe. This region processes the color and form of the object in the visual field and is responsible for producing the “what” from this visual stimuli, or in other words identifying the object based on the color and form of the object and comparing that processed information to stored memories of objects to identify that object.The IT cortex’s neurological significance is not just its contribution to the processing of visual stimuli in object recognition but also has been found to be a vital area with regards to simple processing of the visual field, difficulties with perceptual tasks and spatial awareness, and the location of unique single cells that possibly explain the IT cortex’s relation to memory.