A Temporal Continuity to the Vertical
... fetal and neonatal auditory cortex, reporting that they could trace the developmental transformation from ontogenetic cell columns into mature minicolumns. A later study of human fetal cortical development identified lamina-specific differences in emergence of minicolumnar morphological features (Buxh ...
... fetal and neonatal auditory cortex, reporting that they could trace the developmental transformation from ontogenetic cell columns into mature minicolumns. A later study of human fetal cortical development identified lamina-specific differences in emergence of minicolumnar morphological features (Buxh ...
12 - Mrs. Jensen's Science Classroom
... • Posterior to primary somatosensory cortex • Integrates sensory input from primary somatosensory cortex for understanding of object • Determines size, texture, and relationship of parts of objects being felt ...
... • Posterior to primary somatosensory cortex • Integrates sensory input from primary somatosensory cortex for understanding of object • Determines size, texture, and relationship of parts of objects being felt ...
Finding a face in the crowd: parallel and serial neural mechanisms
... to synchronize their activity, reaching maximal synchronization when a stimulus with that feature falls within their RF (e.g., when the animal is searching for red, the neurons prefer red, and a red stimulus falls within the RF). The results described so far show that neurons gave enhanced responses ...
... to synchronize their activity, reaching maximal synchronization when a stimulus with that feature falls within their RF (e.g., when the animal is searching for red, the neurons prefer red, and a red stimulus falls within the RF). The results described so far show that neurons gave enhanced responses ...
CNS Slide Show
... composed of at least 23 nuclei – we will consider five major functional groups the “gateway to the cerebral cortex” – nearly all input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in the thalamic nuclei, filters information on its way to cerebral cortex – plays key role in motor control by relaying sig ...
... composed of at least 23 nuclei – we will consider five major functional groups the “gateway to the cerebral cortex” – nearly all input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in the thalamic nuclei, filters information on its way to cerebral cortex – plays key role in motor control by relaying sig ...
Neural coding of behavioral relevance in parietal cortex
... previous findings [35] that MT/MST is not specifically activated by attentional tracking. Interestingly, these results agree with those of a recent neuropsychological study [36]. This study suggests that patients with parietal lesions that spare the MT/MST complex are severely impaired in attention ...
... previous findings [35] that MT/MST is not specifically activated by attentional tracking. Interestingly, these results agree with those of a recent neuropsychological study [36]. This study suggests that patients with parietal lesions that spare the MT/MST complex are severely impaired in attention ...
Detection of grey matter loss in mild Alzheimer`s disease
... Table 2 and figure 1 show the results of the comparison between all patients and controls. The table shows that the largest regions of significant grey matter density reduction were located bilaterally in the medial temporal lobe structures (hippocampus, amygdala, and uncus). Grey matter density red ...
... Table 2 and figure 1 show the results of the comparison between all patients and controls. The table shows that the largest regions of significant grey matter density reduction were located bilaterally in the medial temporal lobe structures (hippocampus, amygdala, and uncus). Grey matter density red ...
Representation of the Visual Field in the Human Occipital Cortex
... Consecutive patients with visual field defects and occipital lobe lesions seen in the neuro-ophthalmology clinic at The Toronto Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, were screened using the central 30-2 threshold program of the Humphrey Field Analyzer (Allergan-Humphrey Instruments, San Leandro, Calif). Patie ...
... Consecutive patients with visual field defects and occipital lobe lesions seen in the neuro-ophthalmology clinic at The Toronto Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, were screened using the central 30-2 threshold program of the Humphrey Field Analyzer (Allergan-Humphrey Instruments, San Leandro, Calif). Patie ...
view pdf - Columbia University
... roughly divided into superior and inferior parietal lobules, even though the interparietal sulcus is not visible. The differentiation can only be done on the basis of degree of curvature and shape, and by holding the endocast with the occipital portion toward the eyes, rotating the cast counterclock ...
... roughly divided into superior and inferior parietal lobules, even though the interparietal sulcus is not visible. The differentiation can only be done on the basis of degree of curvature and shape, and by holding the endocast with the occipital portion toward the eyes, rotating the cast counterclock ...
Ch. 8 The Nervous System
... 20. Describe one major function of each of the six regions of the brain. 21. The pituitary gland links the nervous and endocrine systems. To which portion of the diencephalon is it attached? 22. How would decreased diffusion across the arachnoid granulations affect the volume of cerebrospinal fluid ...
... 20. Describe one major function of each of the six regions of the brain. 21. The pituitary gland links the nervous and endocrine systems. To which portion of the diencephalon is it attached? 22. How would decreased diffusion across the arachnoid granulations affect the volume of cerebrospinal fluid ...
The Brain - Personal
... • Send outputs to multiple areas, including the premotor cortex • Allow us to give meaning to information received, store it as memory, compare it to previous experience, and decide on action to take ...
... • Send outputs to multiple areas, including the premotor cortex • Allow us to give meaning to information received, store it as memory, compare it to previous experience, and decide on action to take ...
11. The front-end visual system - LGN and cortex
... From the retina, the optic nerve runs into the central brain area and makes a first monosynaptic connection in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, a specialized area of the thalamus (see figure 11.1 and 11.2). ...
... From the retina, the optic nerve runs into the central brain area and makes a first monosynaptic connection in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, a specialized area of the thalamus (see figure 11.1 and 11.2). ...
cerebral cortex - Global Anatomy Home Page
... demonstrated the problem that you would predict—basically that the two halves of the brain cannot communicate with each other when the fibers connecting them are severed. Since sensory information normally impinges on both ears, both eyes, etc., this does not usually present a problem. In experiment ...
... demonstrated the problem that you would predict—basically that the two halves of the brain cannot communicate with each other when the fibers connecting them are severed. Since sensory information normally impinges on both ears, both eyes, etc., this does not usually present a problem. In experiment ...
Nonlinear Changes in Brain Activity During Continuous Word
... RT. Note that random-effects analyses did not reproduce some of the activations seen with our fixed-effects approach. The inverse relationship between the anterior cingulate cortex and individual or group RT was not significant when using random-effects analyses. The right PCC, however, did remain p ...
... RT. Note that random-effects analyses did not reproduce some of the activations seen with our fixed-effects approach. The inverse relationship between the anterior cingulate cortex and individual or group RT was not significant when using random-effects analyses. The right PCC, however, did remain p ...
Optometric Management Of A Patient With Parietal Lobe Injury
... area, (MT), the prefrontal cortex and to the inferior parietal lobules. The pathway’s main responsibility is motion perception and visual spatial localization.17,18,20-22 As mentioned above, the ventral pathway receives input from parvocellular projections, which are characterized by slower transmis ...
... area, (MT), the prefrontal cortex and to the inferior parietal lobules. The pathway’s main responsibility is motion perception and visual spatial localization.17,18,20-22 As mentioned above, the ventral pathway receives input from parvocellular projections, which are characterized by slower transmis ...
CNS (Ch12)
... • Allow us to give meaning to information received, store it as memory, compare it to previous experience, and decide on action to take • Three parts – Anterior association area (prefrontal cortex) – Posterior association area – Limbic association area ...
... • Allow us to give meaning to information received, store it as memory, compare it to previous experience, and decide on action to take • Three parts – Anterior association area (prefrontal cortex) – Posterior association area – Limbic association area ...
file
... ramps, 70 dB SPL) were presented twelve times at each of sixteen repetition rates. To minimize adaptation effects, repetition rates were randomly interleaved, and two seconds of silence separated each train. The twosecond interval between trains allowed the response strength to 0.5-pps trains to be ...
... ramps, 70 dB SPL) were presented twelve times at each of sixteen repetition rates. To minimize adaptation effects, repetition rates were randomly interleaved, and two seconds of silence separated each train. The twosecond interval between trains allowed the response strength to 0.5-pps trains to be ...
A Stereoscopic Look at Visual Cortex
... Van Essen 1991)] is far removed from the early areas (V1–V3) and receives extensive inputs from the dorsal stream (Baizer et al. 1991; Saleem et al. 2000), leaving open the possibility that the relevant processing is happening in dorsal cortex and is later relayed to ventral cortex. Three very recen ...
... Van Essen 1991)] is far removed from the early areas (V1–V3) and receives extensive inputs from the dorsal stream (Baizer et al. 1991; Saleem et al. 2000), leaving open the possibility that the relevant processing is happening in dorsal cortex and is later relayed to ventral cortex. Three very recen ...
Visual Dysfunction in Brain Injury
... Visual-perceptual processing dysfunction • Visual-Motor Integration - Eye-hand, eye-foot, and eyebody coordination • Visual-Auditory Integration - The ability to relate and associate what is seen and heard • Visual Memory - The ability to remember and recall information that is seen • Visual Closur ...
... Visual-perceptual processing dysfunction • Visual-Motor Integration - Eye-hand, eye-foot, and eyebody coordination • Visual-Auditory Integration - The ability to relate and associate what is seen and heard • Visual Memory - The ability to remember and recall information that is seen • Visual Closur ...
chapt08_lecture
... 5. Emotions controlled by the limbic system: a. Aggression: areas in the amygdala and hypothalamus b. Fear: amygdala and hypothalamus c. Hunger/satiety: hypothalamus d. Sex drive: the whole system e. Goal-directed behaviors: hypothalamus and other regions ...
... 5. Emotions controlled by the limbic system: a. Aggression: areas in the amygdala and hypothalamus b. Fear: amygdala and hypothalamus c. Hunger/satiety: hypothalamus d. Sex drive: the whole system e. Goal-directed behaviors: hypothalamus and other regions ...
Some Analogies Between Visual Cortical and Genetic Maps
... are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X chromosome and have a 96% sequence homology.32 Many individuals have up to three slightly different versions of the gene for the green receptor pro ...
... are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X chromosome and have a 96% sequence homology.32 Many individuals have up to three slightly different versions of the gene for the green receptor pro ...
Location of the polysensory zone in the precentral gyrus
... receptive field. Objects farther than about 20 cm from the body did not give consistent responses. One site had a visual response but no detectable somatosensory response. The visual response at this location was similar to the responses found at the other locations, in that it was best for objects ...
... receptive field. Objects farther than about 20 cm from the body did not give consistent responses. One site had a visual response but no detectable somatosensory response. The visual response at this location was similar to the responses found at the other locations, in that it was best for objects ...
2015 Paget Lecture transcript Four stories about the brain
... that that creation of new connections isn’t all happening very early on, as was thought when I was a medical student 50 years ago, it continues through life. And one of the most interesting challenges is to understand how that property of adaptation, of change, of reorganisation, or plasticity, play ...
... that that creation of new connections isn’t all happening very early on, as was thought when I was a medical student 50 years ago, it continues through life. And one of the most interesting challenges is to understand how that property of adaptation, of change, of reorganisation, or plasticity, play ...
neural mechanisms for detecting and remembering novel events
... a particular stimulus after previous exposure to that stimulus13,14. Although adaptation has generally been studied with long-adapting stimulus durations of several seconds in the anaesthetized cat, it also affects neural responses in the visual cortex of awake monkeys15. Adaptation seems to share m ...
... a particular stimulus after previous exposure to that stimulus13,14. Although adaptation has generally been studied with long-adapting stimulus durations of several seconds in the anaesthetized cat, it also affects neural responses in the visual cortex of awake monkeys15. Adaptation seems to share m ...
Gnostic cells in the 21st century
... neurons in primary cortical visual cortex (V1) that fire to local orientations (Hubel and Wiesel 1959) – for example one such neuron would fire to a line at a given orientation in some particular location– and their proposal of a hierarchical organization of visual processing (Hubel and Wiesel 1962, ...
... neurons in primary cortical visual cortex (V1) that fire to local orientations (Hubel and Wiesel 1959) – for example one such neuron would fire to a line at a given orientation in some particular location– and their proposal of a hierarchical organization of visual processing (Hubel and Wiesel 1962, ...
Inferior temporal gyrus
The inferior temporal gyrus is placed below the middle temporal gyrus, and is connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of complex object features, such as global shape. It may also be involved in face perception, and in the recognition of numbers.The inferior temporal gyrus is the anterior region of the temporal lobe located underneath the central temporal sulcus. The primary function of the inferior temporal gyrus - otherwise referenced as IT cortex - is associated with visual stimuli processing, namely visual object recognition, and has been suggested by recent experimental results as the final location of the ventral cortical visual system. The IT cortex in humans is also known as the Inferior Temporal Gyrus since it has been located to a specific region of the human temporal lobe. The IT processes visual stimuli of objects in our field of vision, and is involved with memory and memory recall to identify that object; it is involved with the processing and perception created by visual stimuli amplified in the V1, V2, V3, and V4 regions of the occipital lobe. This region processes the color and form of the object in the visual field and is responsible for producing the “what” from this visual stimuli, or in other words identifying the object based on the color and form of the object and comparing that processed information to stored memories of objects to identify that object.The IT cortex’s neurological significance is not just its contribution to the processing of visual stimuli in object recognition but also has been found to be a vital area with regards to simple processing of the visual field, difficulties with perceptual tasks and spatial awareness, and the location of unique single cells that possibly explain the IT cortex’s relation to memory.