Magnetic resonance imaging indicators of blood
... apparent diffusion coefficients did not exhibit parallel changes and there was no evidence of BBB permeability to tracers. The cerebral ventricles enlarged progressively in the weeks following kaolin injection. In hydrocephalic rats, the dorsal cortex was more dense and the white matter less so, ind ...
... apparent diffusion coefficients did not exhibit parallel changes and there was no evidence of BBB permeability to tracers. The cerebral ventricles enlarged progressively in the weeks following kaolin injection. In hydrocephalic rats, the dorsal cortex was more dense and the white matter less so, ind ...
Responses of primate frontal cortex neurons during natural vocal
... week. The Warp16 array was coupled with a tether to allow for freely moving behavior during recordings. Neural activity was digitized and sorted off-line. Based on previous studies using similar recording methods (Eliades and Wang 2008b), single units were determined based on the criteria that the u ...
... week. The Warp16 array was coupled with a tether to allow for freely moving behavior during recordings. Neural activity was digitized and sorted off-line. Based on previous studies using similar recording methods (Eliades and Wang 2008b), single units were determined based on the criteria that the u ...
Cerebellum: Movement Regulation and Cognitive Functions
... nucleus about what actions are currently being commanded. This collateral input to the cerebellar deep nucleus completes the recurrent premotor network mentioned above; it derives from collaterals of the same mossy fibres that provide some of the state input to the cerebellar cortex, although Figure ...
... nucleus about what actions are currently being commanded. This collateral input to the cerebellar deep nucleus completes the recurrent premotor network mentioned above; it derives from collaterals of the same mossy fibres that provide some of the state input to the cerebellar cortex, although Figure ...
Heterogeneity of GABAergic Cells in Cat Visual Cortex
... and for grayish-blue reaction products, 4-Cl-naphthol, are used. The elution process is the most critical step of the staining procedure. This elution has to be complete, selective, and mav not elute or denature the antigen to be localized in the subsequent-staining sequence. Completeness of the elu ...
... and for grayish-blue reaction products, 4-Cl-naphthol, are used. The elution process is the most critical step of the staining procedure. This elution has to be complete, selective, and mav not elute or denature the antigen to be localized in the subsequent-staining sequence. Completeness of the elu ...
A Computer Simulation of Olfactory Cortex with Functional
... Piriform cortex is a primary olfactory cerebral cortical structure which receives second order input from the olfactory receptors via the olfactory bulb (Fig. 1). It is believed to play a significant role in the classification and storage of olfactory information 1•2•3 . For several years we have be ...
... Piriform cortex is a primary olfactory cerebral cortical structure which receives second order input from the olfactory receptors via the olfactory bulb (Fig. 1). It is believed to play a significant role in the classification and storage of olfactory information 1•2•3 . For several years we have be ...
A Verbose Guide to Dissection of the Sheep`s Brain H
... on other sensory modalities, the optic nerve is punier (see alligator). In the Ganges River dolphin, "this nerve is as thin as a thread" (Pilleri & Gihr, 1970), as vision is of little use in its turgid environment. The 5th cranial nerve, the trigeminal, actually consists of two nerves running togeth ...
... on other sensory modalities, the optic nerve is punier (see alligator). In the Ganges River dolphin, "this nerve is as thin as a thread" (Pilleri & Gihr, 1970), as vision is of little use in its turgid environment. The 5th cranial nerve, the trigeminal, actually consists of two nerves running togeth ...
ppt - IISER Pune
... Misalignment of eyes induced by surgery Visual stimulus does not fall on corresponding portions of the retina Cortical neurons are rarely activated by both eyes at the same time ...
... Misalignment of eyes induced by surgery Visual stimulus does not fall on corresponding portions of the retina Cortical neurons are rarely activated by both eyes at the same time ...
Intention, Action Planning, and Decision Making in Parietal
... Frontal and parietal areas are strongly interconnected and function together for many aspects of action planning. Historically, a role of frontal lobe in action has been clear (Fritsch and Hitzig, 1870; Ferrier, 1876). The primary motor cortex (M1) is a source of motor commands (Penfield and Boldrey ...
... Frontal and parietal areas are strongly interconnected and function together for many aspects of action planning. Historically, a role of frontal lobe in action has been clear (Fritsch and Hitzig, 1870; Ferrier, 1876). The primary motor cortex (M1) is a source of motor commands (Penfield and Boldrey ...
Brain-implantable biomimetic electronics as the next era in neural
... particularly with respect to the dynamic and adaptive cellular and molecular mechanisms that are the basis for information processing in the brain. Likewise, there have been major breakthroughs in the mathematical modeling of nonlinear and nonstationary systems that are allowing quantitative represe ...
... particularly with respect to the dynamic and adaptive cellular and molecular mechanisms that are the basis for information processing in the brain. Likewise, there have been major breakthroughs in the mathematical modeling of nonlinear and nonstationary systems that are allowing quantitative represe ...
TINS04
... are consistently associated with it: problems with reading, of course, but also problems with phonology (the mental representation and processing of speech sounds), sensory difficulties in the visual, auditory and tactile domains, problems with balance and motor control, and more[1,2]. Another puzzl ...
... are consistently associated with it: problems with reading, of course, but also problems with phonology (the mental representation and processing of speech sounds), sensory difficulties in the visual, auditory and tactile domains, problems with balance and motor control, and more[1,2]. Another puzzl ...
Biology 358 — Neuroanatomy First Exam
... the area in the diagram where the structure would be found, and then extend a line from the diagram out to the white margin. (You need to do this on one side only). In the white margin label the outlined segment with the number found to the left of the structures listed below. ...
... the area in the diagram where the structure would be found, and then extend a line from the diagram out to the white margin. (You need to do this on one side only). In the white margin label the outlined segment with the number found to the left of the structures listed below. ...
Précis of The Brain and Emotion
... appear to have been reconnected (compared to rodents) to place much more emphasis on cortical processing, taking place in areas such as the orbitofrontal cortex (see Chapter 2). The principle of the stage of sensory processing at which reward value is extracted and made explicit in the representatio ...
... appear to have been reconnected (compared to rodents) to place much more emphasis on cortical processing, taking place in areas such as the orbitofrontal cortex (see Chapter 2). The principle of the stage of sensory processing at which reward value is extracted and made explicit in the representatio ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... distributions of best ITDs would match IC data from bilaterally implanted cats [2]. We also measured ITD JNDs as a function of reference ITD in two bilaterally-implanted human subjects. We found that JNDs increase as the reference ITD moves away from the midline as in normal hearing, although the me ...
... distributions of best ITDs would match IC data from bilaterally implanted cats [2]. We also measured ITD JNDs as a function of reference ITD in two bilaterally-implanted human subjects. We found that JNDs increase as the reference ITD moves away from the midline as in normal hearing, although the me ...
prenatal formation of cortical input and development of
... in mature monkeys (Goldman and Nauta, 1977; Goldman-Rakic, 1981). Therefore, data on the timing, sequence, and mode of development of corticostriatal connections in this species can be obtained only by prenatal ...
... in mature monkeys (Goldman and Nauta, 1977; Goldman-Rakic, 1981). Therefore, data on the timing, sequence, and mode of development of corticostriatal connections in this species can be obtained only by prenatal ...
A Gaussian Approach to Neural Nets with Multiple Memory Domains
... structure and function, but the neural interneuronal synaptic connectivity and connections are set up by means of chemical "spontaneous" activity were investigated. In markers carried by the individual cells, further investigation [4], the dynamical according to the theory of neural specificity beha ...
... structure and function, but the neural interneuronal synaptic connectivity and connections are set up by means of chemical "spontaneous" activity were investigated. In markers carried by the individual cells, further investigation [4], the dynamical according to the theory of neural specificity beha ...
Master Thesis - Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development
... Early during the development the mammalian cerebral cortex is a simple, continuous, sheet of proliferating neuroblasts, Later, it consists of several areas, each characterized by peculiar anatomical and functional properties. These areas form a map that is similar from one individual to another and ...
... Early during the development the mammalian cerebral cortex is a simple, continuous, sheet of proliferating neuroblasts, Later, it consists of several areas, each characterized by peculiar anatomical and functional properties. These areas form a map that is similar from one individual to another and ...
Models of Information Processing in the Visual Cortex
... understand how the visual system works, instead of models of data that are trying to be biologically accurate. We do so, because science is yet to provide a full understanding of the brain, thus it is not possible to propose accurate overall models of data. The chapter rather gives an overview of di ...
... understand how the visual system works, instead of models of data that are trying to be biologically accurate. We do so, because science is yet to provide a full understanding of the brain, thus it is not possible to propose accurate overall models of data. The chapter rather gives an overview of di ...
Attention
... tasks. Discuss how attention can alter the speed of visual processing, assuming attention to visual objects does not have a direct effect on visual transduction or motor coding. 7. Explain the concept of shifting attention. Discuss the effects on the brain of shifting attention from one task to ano ...
... tasks. Discuss how attention can alter the speed of visual processing, assuming attention to visual objects does not have a direct effect on visual transduction or motor coding. 7. Explain the concept of shifting attention. Discuss the effects on the brain of shifting attention from one task to ano ...
Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain
... cerebrum. Figure 7.4b shows the rat cerebrum as it appears when viewed from above. Notice that it is clearly split down the middle into two cerebral hemispheres, separated by the deep sagittal fissure. In general, the right cerebral hemisphere receives sensations from, and controls movements of, the ...
... cerebrum. Figure 7.4b shows the rat cerebrum as it appears when viewed from above. Notice that it is clearly split down the middle into two cerebral hemispheres, separated by the deep sagittal fissure. In general, the right cerebral hemisphere receives sensations from, and controls movements of, the ...
The Constructive Nature of Visual Processing
... in humans have yet been identified, the number is likely to be at least as great as in the macaque. If one includes oculomotor areas and prefrontal areas contributing to visual memory, almost half of the cerebral cortex is involved with vision. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made i ...
... in humans have yet been identified, the number is likely to be at least as great as in the macaque. If one includes oculomotor areas and prefrontal areas contributing to visual memory, almost half of the cerebral cortex is involved with vision. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made i ...
Basal Ganglia Functional Connectivity Based on
... reticulata; VL, ventrolateral; VA, ventroanterior; DM, dorsomedial; VLPFC, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; BLA, basolateral amygdala. ...
... reticulata; VL, ventrolateral; VA, ventroanterior; DM, dorsomedial; VLPFC, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; BLA, basolateral amygdala. ...
Cerebellum
... only from the trunk and the lower extremities and ends in the corresponding parts of the spinocerebellum. The same kind of information from the upper extremities is mediated through the external cuneate nucleus, located laterally in the medulla oblongata. The ventral spinocerebellar tract originate ...
... only from the trunk and the lower extremities and ends in the corresponding parts of the spinocerebellum. The same kind of information from the upper extremities is mediated through the external cuneate nucleus, located laterally in the medulla oblongata. The ventral spinocerebellar tract originate ...
BETA ACTIVITY: A CARRIER FOR VISUAL ATTENTION
... registered from the occipital cortex of dog which expected a rewarding piece of meat to appear visually (Lopes da Silva 1970b, Fig. 4A) and from occipital electrodes of subjects performing emotional and cognitive tasks (Ray and Cole 1985). Recording cortical LFPs from the vigilant cat pretrigeminal ...
... registered from the occipital cortex of dog which expected a rewarding piece of meat to appear visually (Lopes da Silva 1970b, Fig. 4A) and from occipital electrodes of subjects performing emotional and cognitive tasks (Ray and Cole 1985). Recording cortical LFPs from the vigilant cat pretrigeminal ...
Aberrant Localization of Synchronous Hemodynamic
... “resting state” has been demonstrated for healthy individuals in functionally similar cortical regions, such as primary motor, visual, language, or auditory cortex (Biswal et al 1995, 1997; Cordes et al 2001; Lowe et al 1998; Xiong et al 1999). Functional connectivity of, for example, the primary mo ...
... “resting state” has been demonstrated for healthy individuals in functionally similar cortical regions, such as primary motor, visual, language, or auditory cortex (Biswal et al 1995, 1997; Cordes et al 2001; Lowe et al 1998; Xiong et al 1999). Functional connectivity of, for example, the primary mo ...
Cortical Plasticity - Lund University Publications
... somatosensory cortex. Microelectrodes can be used for this purpose (Florence, Jain & Kaas, 1997). These microelectrodes can be made of glass and filled with concentrated NaCl and are used to make extracellular recordings of action potentials at a depth of 700-750 µm in cortex (Reinecke, Dinse, Reink ...
... somatosensory cortex. Microelectrodes can be used for this purpose (Florence, Jain & Kaas, 1997). These microelectrodes can be made of glass and filled with concentrated NaCl and are used to make extracellular recordings of action potentials at a depth of 700-750 µm in cortex (Reinecke, Dinse, Reink ...
Cortical cooling
Neuroscientists generate various studies to help explain many of the complex connections and functions of the brain. Most studies utilize animal models that have varying degrees of comparison to the human brain; for example, small rodents are less comparable than non-human primates. One of the most definitive ways of determining which sections of the brain contribute to certain behavior or function is to deactivate a section of the brain and observe what behavior is altered. Investigators have a wide range of options for deactivating neural tissue, and one of the more recently developed methods being used is deactivation through cooling. Cortical cooling refers to the cooling methods restricted to the cerebral cortex, where most higher brain processes occur. Below is a list of current cooling methods, their advantages and limitations, and some studies that have used cooling to elucidate neural functions.