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Plant Diversity
Plant Diversity

... Seed-bearing Vascular Plants ...
Tabebuia chrysotricha: Golden Trumpet Tree1
Tabebuia chrysotricha: Golden Trumpet Tree1

... Trumpet Tree is often seen as a small, 15 to 25-foot-tall tree but can reach 50 feet, with a rounded, spreading canopy in a wind-protected area. Sometimes evergreen but most often deciduous, Golden Trumpet Tree has four-inch-long silvery leaves with tan, fuzzy undersides. These leaves drop for a sho ...
Vanda falcata(Thunb.) H.H. Hu SYNONYMS: Neofinetia falcate
Vanda falcata(Thunb.) H.H. Hu SYNONYMS: Neofinetia falcate

... and water should be reduced for cultivated plants during this time. Even less water should be given plants that are grown in very cool conditions. Even these plants should not be allowed to become completely dry, however. The necessary conditions may be met in most growing areas by occasional early ...
Notes
Notes

... A thick waxy coating on their surface to reduce water loss. Sunken stomata to reduce water loss. Hairy leaves to reflect excess light. Succulent leaves to store extra water. Bulbs and tubers to safely store food underground. Needles, thorns, and spines to avoid predation. Modified stems called tendr ...
THE GENUS CEANOTHUS: WILD LILACS AND THEIR KIN
THE GENUS CEANOTHUS: WILD LILACS AND THEIR KIN

... the seed pods fall off ...
germinator-zipperbaggardens
germinator-zipperbaggardens

... seed to break the coat). Next a stem lengthens. Then the green cotyledons emerge followed by the appearance of true leaves. --The cotyledons (first leaves) appear green since they can photosynthesize. However, they usually drop off. The "true leaves" follow the cotyledons and produce food for the pl ...
Poison Ivy - kmsparkman
Poison Ivy - kmsparkman

... consists of three leaflets Middle leaf has longer stem than the other two leaves Leaves and vine contain oils which cause irritation to skin Poison ivy in the Spring ...
Sam Hughes Intro Slides - USA National Phenology Network
Sam Hughes Intro Slides - USA National Phenology Network

... What do we know about seasonal changes? Why do we have certain plants and animals here? What can Nature’s Notebook help us understand? ...
Inkberry `Shamrock`
Inkberry `Shamrock`

... ‘Purpureum Grandiflorum’ was developed before 1850. An “ironclad” favorite, cold hardy to -20 degrees. R. catawbiense is native VA south, in mountainous areas, on bluffs and balds. ...
Identifying Coccothrinax - South Florida Palm Society
Identifying Coccothrinax - South Florida Palm Society

... usually lacking shoulder-shaped margins [Argentata group]. 7. Leaf sheath with free strand tips present, the most distant end of the leaf sheath a swatch of hair more than 10 cm long (Fig. 4) [Crinita complex] 8. Seeds less than 12 mm or more in diameter; leaf segments 40–70 cm long; petioles 10–15 ...
Canna Lily
Canna Lily

... frost has passed in spring. Each segment should have a strong, healthy "eye." For earlier flowering, plant the rhizomes indoors in trays of peat moss in early spring. When the plants sprout, move them to individual pots, keeping them indoors in full sun until all frost danger has passed. Plant them ...
Topic 10: Ferns and Fern Allies
Topic 10: Ferns and Fern Allies

... among the dominant plants of the coal-forming forests. The Lycophyta include only five living genera, which range from the arctic to the tropics. The plant forms a rhizome (underground stem) from which aerial branches and adventitious roots arise. The leaves are borne spirally (one vein per leaf, so ...
PPCP-VEG-003 - Louisiana State University
PPCP-VEG-003 - Louisiana State University

... symptoms and signs of the pathogen. Basil downy mildew affects all parts of the shoot tissue including stems, leaves and flower Figure 1. Basil downy mildew symptoms bracts. Leaves first turn yellow in the areas between major veins on cv. Genovese (Figure 1) and within a few days entire leaves turn ...
DECIDUOUS TREES Deciduous trees Overview Average Tree Age
DECIDUOUS TREES Deciduous trees Overview Average Tree Age

... Many insects, harmful or not, may live on plant Different life stages may be harmful to plant Most insect damage is result of feeding activity Bi ti and Biotic d typically t i ll secondary ...
Rosids III
Rosids III

... • Gynoecium with a superior, 2- carpellate/loculate ovary, with axile-parietal placentation and a usually 2-valved, dehiscent fruit with a replum (silique or silicle). • 365 genera / 3250 species ...
Toad Flax Linaria vulgaris (MILL.)
Toad Flax Linaria vulgaris (MILL.)

... Toadflax is a perennial with creeping roots. It sends up many blue green slender, erect stems with few branches. It grows from 30 to 60 cm high with numerous leaves, which are long and narrow. Both stems and leaves are hairless. ...
IPM Crop Scouting Weed Guide
IPM Crop Scouting Weed Guide

... small, male and female separate but borne together in clusters in axils of upper leaves; two female flowers are enclosed in each ...
PURPLE FOLIAGE
PURPLE FOLIAGE

... JULY 2013 ...
Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir - Montana State University Billings
Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir - Montana State University Billings

... Commonly known as rue or citrus family Usually placed in order Sapindales Species of this family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. Range in form from herbs to shrubs and small trees. Most economically important genus in family is Citrus ...
Photosynthesis: Converting Radiant Energy into Chemical Energy
Photosynthesis: Converting Radiant Energy into Chemical Energy

... Some of the absorbed energy causes the chlorophyll molecule, which looks as flexible as chicken wire, to bend or vibrate a little. Thus some of the absorbed energy is transformed into kinetic energy and eventually emitted as heat (infrared wavelengths). Since some of the energy of the absorbed ligh ...
Photosynthesis: Converting Radiant Energy into Chemical Energy
Photosynthesis: Converting Radiant Energy into Chemical Energy

... Some of the absorbed energy causes the chlorophyll molecule, which looks as flexible as chicken wire, to bend or vibrate a little. Thus some of the absorbed energy is transformed into kinetic energy and eventually emitted as heat (infrared wavelengths). Since some of the energy of the absorbed ligh ...
1d. Plantstaxonomy,reprod,response
1d. Plantstaxonomy,reprod,response

...  germination only after ABA is inactivated down or leeched out ...
plants review sheet - Blue Valley Schools
plants review sheet - Blue Valley Schools

... 1. You should be familiar with the general structure of plants and how these structures are important in its proximal goal in the production of energy and it ultimate goal of reproduction. 2. You should be familiar with the three names and functions of the major categories of plant tissues, as well ...
Botany 400 Exam 3 potential questions 1. The “primitive” monocot
Botany 400 Exam 3 potential questions 1. The “primitive” monocot

... have possessed leaves without blades and an inactive vascular cambium (for secondary growth). If this is correct, describe how monocots have been successful in dealing with both of these deficits. 3. Compare and contrast the inflorescence structure, bracts, and florets of a typical grass like Avena ...
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline

... 8. Some plants have mutualistic relationships with other animals to protect them from herbivores. a. A species of acacia, Pseudomyrmex ferruginea, has swollen thorns with a hollow interior and ants will live and feed (without harming) off the acacia. In turn, the ants protect the plant by attacking ...
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Leaf



A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively.Typically a leaf is a thin, dorsiventrally flattened organ, borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Most leaves have distinctive upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in colour, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases) and other features. In most plant species, leaves are broad and flat. Such species are referred to as broad-leaved plants. Many gymnosperm species have thin needle-like leaves that can be advantageous in cold climates frequented by snow and frost. Leaves can also have other shapes and forms such as the scales in certain species of conifers. Some leaves are not above ground (such as bulb scales). Succulent plants often have thick juicy leaves, but some leaves are without major photosynthetic function and may be dead at maturity, as in some cataphylls, and spines). Furthermore, several kinds of leaf-like structures found in vascular plants are not totally homologous with them. Examples include flattened plant stems (called phylloclades and cladodes), and phyllodes (flattened leaf stems), both of which differ from leaves in their structure and origin. Many structures of non-vascular plants, and even of some lichens, which are not plants at all (in the sense of being members of the kingdom Plantae), look and function much like leaves. The primary site of photosynthesis in most leaves (palisade mesophyll) almost always occurs on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of Eucalyptus palisade occurs on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral.
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